Episode #290. Understand the essentials of protein with this masterclass, featuring insights from experts including Don Layman, Christopher Gardner, Stuart Phillips, Valter Longo, Mark Messina, and Fritz Horstmann. Discover the answers to all the big protein questions: are you getting enough protein? How does protein actually impact muscle and longevity? Are there differences between plant-based and animal protein? This episode is packed with expert insights to guide you towards a more informed and effective approach to protein consumption. We cover: Intro (00:00) Longevity vs Vitality: Understanding Our Focus (01:57) What Exactly is Muscle Protein Synthesis? (07:01) The Impact of Different Proteins on Muscle Synthesis (11:51) Recommended Protein Intake for Adults Explained (13:45) Comparing Protein Needs: Women vs Men (14:45) The Importance of Protein Distribution in Diet (16:04) What is the Maximum Protein Threshold? (19:33) Evaluating the RDA: Is It Adequate for Protein Needs? (23:16) Stuart Phillips on Optimal Protein Quantities (30:32) Determining the Ideal Daily Protein for Health (37:42) Ageing, Skeletomuscular Preservation, and Protein (42:30) High Protein Diet: Does It Affect Lifespan? (47:25) Plant vs Animal Protein: Understanding the Differences (52:58) Should Plant-Based Dieters Worry About Protein Deficiency? (59:01) Protein and Satiety: The Fullness Factor (1:03:14) Unravelling mTOR and IGF1 in Ageing (1:08:40) Causes Behind Elevated IGF1 Levels (1:16:47) Acute vs Chronic Elevation of IGF1: What's the Difference? (1:20:18) Risks Associated with Protein Overconsumption (1:25:57) Impact of Exercise on IGF1 Levels (1:29:52) The Role of Muscle Tissue in Promoting Longevity (1:35:36) Exercise as a Cancer Risk Reducer: Fact or Myth? (1:45:03) Isoflavones and Estrogen: An In-depth Analysis (1:49:07) Isoflavone Content in Soy Foods: How Much Is There? (1:57:19) Safe Daily Limits for Soy Isoflavones (2:02:52) The Necessity of Blood Tests for High Protein Diets (2:05:45) Protein and Longevity: Insights from Simon Hill (2:07:54) Listen to previous episodes and connect with today’s guests: Dr Christopher Gardner: https://theproof.com/tag/christopher-gardner/ Dr Don Layman: https://theproof.com/tag/don-layman/ Dr Mark Messina: https://theproof.com/tag/mark-messina/ Dr Stuart Phillips: https://theproof.com/tag/stuart-phillips/ Dr Valter Longo: https://theproof.com/tag/valter-longo/ Fritz Horstmann: https://theproof.com/tag/fritz-horstmann/ Sponsors: If you want to improve your health, you need to measure where you’re currently at. InsideTracker analyses up to 48 blood biomarkers including ApoB, LDL, HDL, A1C, and more before giving you advice to optimise your health. Get a 20% discount on your first order at insidetracker.com/simon. Eimele Essential 8 is a comprehensive multivitamin that is scientifically formulated to complement your plant-rich diet, increase and sustain your energy, support the immune system, as well as heart and brain health. Head to Eimele.com and use code SIMON at checkout for 10% off your first order. Whoop, the most advanced fitness and health wearable available. Your personalised fitness and health coach to recover faster, sleep better, and train smarter. Claim your first month free on join.whoop.com/simon. Simon Hill, MSc, BSc (Hons) Creator of theproof.com and host of The Proof with Simon Hill Author of The Proof is in the Plants Watch the episodes on YouTube or listen on Apple/Spotify Connect with me on Instagram, Twitter, and Facebook Nourish your gut with my Plant-Based Ferments Guide Download my complimentary Two-Week Meal Plan and high protein Plant Performance recipe book

Episode #289. Navigate the vital connections between diet, exercise, and long-term well-being with Drew Harrisberg, an exercise physiologist transforming the narrative around diabetes. Together, we dissect a collection of studies revealing the surprising truths about plant-based nutrition, exercise frequency, and metabolic health. This episode is a journey through the science that will not only challenge your assumptions but also equip you with the knowledge to revolutionise your health strategy. Specifically, we discuss: Introduction (00:00) Weekend Warrior Workout (03:02) Insights from Our Wellness Retreat on Bali (10:56) Managing Bone Density Post-Menopause (18:46) Plant-Based Lifestyle: Impact on Aerobic Performance and Strength (27:21) Roy Taylor's Insights: Understanding the True Causes of Diabetes. Episode Recap (35:31) Plant-Based Diet: Its Effects on Aerobic Performance and Strength (57:00) Essential Supplements for Plant-Based Athletes: A Comprehensive Guide (1:07:18) Mastering Plant-Based Nutrition for Peak Performance: Key Strategies (1:23:10) Exploring the Danish Dietary Guidelines: A Health Perspective (1:28:44) Portfolio Diet and Cardiovascular Health: Study Insights from Andrea Glenn, David Jenkins, Walter Willet (1:43:31) The Link Between Red Meat Intake and Type 2 Diabetes Risk: Walter Willet's Research (2:16:24) Outro (2:30:51) To connect with Drew, you can reach him via his Instagram or website, Drew’s Daily Dose. He also has a training program to put many of the principles he has discussed on the show into practice. Make sure to catch his previous episodes on the show, available on The Proof website, and check out the full show notes for resources and supporting studies. Optimise your health with InsideTracker’s biomarker analysis. Get exclusive access to InsideTracker’s new ApoB test and a 20% discount on your first order at insidetracker.com/simon. Enjoy, friends. Simon Want to support the show? The best way to support the show is to use the products and services offered by our sponsors. To check them out, and enjoy great savings, visit theproof.com/friends. You can also show your support by leaving a review on the Apple Podcast app and/or sharing your favourite episodes with your friends and family. Simon Hill, MSc, BSc (Hons) Creator of theproof.com and host of The Proof with Simon Hill Author of The Proof is in the Plants Watch the episodes on YouTube or listen on Apple/Spotify Connect with me on Instagram, Twitter, and Facebook Nourish your gut with my Plant-Based Ferments Guide Download my complimentary Two-Week Meal Plan and high protein Plant Performance recipe book

Episode #288. Discover the truth about the canola oil debate with Dr Gil Carvalho. A respected physician and research scientist, Dr Carvalho unpacks the complexities of canola oil's role in our health. With no ties to industry, his unbiased perspective sheds light on how canola oil affects our bodies, its comparison to other oils, and the science behind the headlines. Tune in for a candid conversation that promises to enhance your understanding help you make informed dietary decisions. Specifically, we discuss: Introduction (00:00) What Inspired the Canola Oil Video (01:58) Defining Canola Oil: Origins and Composition (06:35) The Most Common Claims About Canola Oil (12:13) Research Methodology in Canola Oil Investigation (17:45) The Significance of Human Data in Canola Oil Research (22:48) Understanding Meta-analysis Studies and Epidemiological Approaches (26:37) Assessing the Adequacy of Canola Oil Research (42:07) Canola Oil's Impact on Blood Lipids and Cardiovascular Health (46:20) Canola Oil vs. Nuts and Seeds for Weight Loss (50:36) Canola Oil Consumption and the Risk of Heart Attack/Stroke (56:48) Canola Oil and Blood Glucose Control (1:00:57) Canola Oil's Influence on Body Weight (1:04:29) Is Canola Oil Inflammatory? (1:08:54) Examining the "Wash-IN-DIET Canola Oil" Study by Junker R and Kratz M (1:11:24) Lipid Peroxidation: Canola Oil Oxidation (1:14:44) Research on Liver Fat and Canola Oil (1:21:50) Linoleic Acid Consumption and Total Mortality (1:23:10) Reception of the Canola Oil Video within the NutritionMadeSimple Community (1:25:59) Addressing Common Questions About Canola Oil (1:33:02) Assessing Research Funding from the Canola Industry (1:37:19) Making the Case for Canola Oil Toxicity (1:40:19) Is Canola Oil Classified as an Ultra-Processed Food? (1:42:48) Future Studies Required for a Comprehensive Understanding of Canola Oil and Human Health (1:46:50) Conclusion (1:48:07) You can learn more about Dr Gil Carvalho here, and connect with him on Twitter/X and Facebook. For straightforward, science-based nutrition information, visit his YouTube channel Nutrition Made Simple. You can also access his research publications for more. Optimise your health with InsideTracker’s biomarker analysis. Get exclusive access to InsideTracker’s new ApoB test and a 20% discount on your first order at insidetracker.com/simon. Enjoy, friends. Simon Want to support the show? The best way to support the show is to use the products and services offered by our sponsors. To check them out, and enjoy great savings, visit theproof.com/friends. You can also show your support by leaving a review on the Apple Podcast app and/or sharing your favourite episodes with your friends and family. Simon Hill, MSc, BSc (Hons) Creator of theproof.com and host of The Proof with Simon Hill Author of The Proof is in the Plants Watch the episodes on YouTube or listen on Apple/Spotify Connect with me on Instagram, Twitter, and Facebook Nourish your gut with my Plant-Based Ferments Guide Download my complimentary Two-Week Meal Plan and high protein Plant Performance recipe book

Episode #287. Learn about type 2 diabetes from the scientist who has fundamentally changed our understanding of the disease: Professor Roy Taylor. From the twin cycle hypothesis to personal fat threshold, this conversation is an absolute masterclass in what causes type 2 diabetes and the path towards remission for those managing it. We discuss: Introduction to the Twin Cycle Hypothesis & Onset of Diabetes (00:00) Delving into the Twin Cycle Hypothesis: Diabetes Aetiology Explained (02:25) Risks Associated with High Blood Glucose Levels (14:08) Key Factors Causing Insulin Resistance in Muscles (20:53) Understanding the Personal Fat Threshold in Diabetes Onset (26:14) Assessing the Risk Factors for Developing Type 2 Diabetes (35:07) Preventative Measures Against Type 2 Diabetes (41:12) Are Conltinuous Glucose Monitors Beneficial for Non-Diabetics? (46:54) Investigating the Determinants of Body Fat Distribution (50:15) Summary of the DiRECT Trial: Examining the Twin Cycle Hypothesis with Roy Taylor (55:50) Effective Strategies for Type 2 Diabetes Remission (1:15:29) The Role of Diet Quality in Insulin Sensitivity Improvement (1:28:54) Examining the Link Between Protein Consumption and Type 2 Diabetes (1:36:18) Incorporating Exercise into Type 2 Diabetes Remission Plans (1:38:31) The Possibility of Eradicating Type 2 Diabetes Societally (1:49:03) Understanding the Reversal of Type 2 Diabetes: Current Insights (1:52:49) Final Thoughts: The Prospects for Diabetes Management (1:56:04) Learn more about Professor Roy Taylor’s work at go.ncl.ac.uk/diabetes-reversal. You can also read his books, Life Without Diabetes and Your Simple Guide to Reversing Diabetes, for more tools and education. Optimise your health with InsideTracker’s biomarker analysis. Get exclusive access to InsideTracker’s new ApoB test and a 20% discount on your first order at insidetracker.com/simon. Enjoy, friends. Simon Want to support the show? The best way to support the show is to use the products and services offered by our sponsors. To check them out, and enjoy great savings, visit theproof.com/friends. You can also show your support by leaving a review on the Apple Podcast app and/or sharing your favourite episodes with your friends and family. Simon Hill, MSc, BSc (Hons) Creator of theproof.com and host of The Proof with Simon Hill Author of The Proof is in the Plants Watch the episodes on YouTube or listen on Apple/Spotify Connect with me on Instagram, Twitter, and Facebook Nourish your gut with my Plant-Based Ferments Guide Download my complimentary Two-Week Meal Plan and high protein Plant Performance recipe book

Episode #286. Legumes are trying to kill you. At least, that’s what Dr Steven Gundry would have you believe. Over the decades, various health fads have targeted one nutrient or compound after another: carbs, fat, gluten, and now, lectins. In this episode, I sit down with Dr Alan Flanagan, PhD, and Dr Matthew Nagra, ND, to dissect the bold assertions made in Dr Steven Gundry’s book, The Plant Paradox. Specifically, we discuss: Kickstart Guide: Understanding Lectins for Better Health (00:00) What Are Lectins? A Comprehensive Explanation for Health Enthusiasts (04:00) Demystifying Lectins: Common Myths vs. Facts (08:12) Dr. Gundry's Plant Lectin Claims: A Critical Examination (09:23) Transformative Effects? Real Stories Post Dr. Gundry's Diet (14:00) Evaluating Dr. Gundry's Lectin Claims: A Closer Look (16:51) Busting Dr. Gundry's First Myth: Nutrition Misconceptions Uncovered (17:50) Fact-Check: Do Lectins Trigger Leaky Gut Syndrome? (28:52) Cooking vs. Lectins: Does Heat Really Neutralize Them? (37:50) Investigating Myth 3: Lectins' Role in Causing Inflammation (45:37) Myth 4 Debunked: The Truth About Lectins and Autoimmune Health (49:32) Unveiling Myth 5: Can Lectins Be the Culprit Behind Weight Gain? (54:40) Lectin Shield Exposed: Is This the Ultimate Lectin Blocker? (1:01:59) Decoding Dr. Gundry: Essential Takeaways on Lectins (1:08:38) Lectins: Concluding Insights for Health-Conscious Audiences (1:12:44) Connect with Dr Matthew Nagra on Instagram, Twitter/X, Threads, TikTok, and his website. To connect with Dr Alan Flanagan, you can find him exclusively on Instagram. Optimise your health with InsideTracker’s biomarker analysis. Get exclusive access to InsideTracker’s new ApoB test, and a significant discount at insidetracker.com/simon. Enjoy, friends. Simon Want to support the show? The best way to support the show is to use the products and services offered by our sponsors. To check them out, and enjoy great savings, visit theproof.com/friends. You can also show your support by leaving a review on the Apple Podcast app and/or sharing your favourite episodes with your friends and family. Simon Hill, MSc, BSc (Hons) Creator of theproof.com and host of The Proof with Simon Hill Author of The Proof is in the Plants Watch the episodes on YouTube or listen on Apple/Spotify Connect with me on Instagram, Twitter, and Facebook Nourish your gut with my Plant-Based Ferments Guide Download my complimentary Two-Week Meal Plan and high protein Plant Performance recipe book

Episode #285. Explore anxiety's nuances, why destructive habits form, and the transformative potential of mindfulness in this conversation with Dr Jud Brewer. Willpower isn't always the key – learn why with Dr Jud in this eye-opening episode. Specifically, we discuss: Intro (00:00) Judson Brewer's Personal Journey: From Novice to Mindfulness Expert (02:27) Defining Mindfulness: How It Relates to and Enhances Meditation Practices (09:51) The Impact of Mindfulness on Brain Function and Habit Transformation (14:45) The Challenge of Awareness in Today's Distracted World (20:29) Unravelling Anxiety: Insights into Reward-Based Learning (23:28) Distinguishing Anxiety from Depression: A Mindful Approach (33:03) Exploring the Human Brain: The Old Versus the New (41:12) How Can We Change Habits? (45:31) How Can You Cultivate Awareness? (56:51) Judson Brewer's Strategy for Managing Anxiety (1:05:17) Effective Techniques for Breaking Unhealthy Habits (1:06:09) Willpower's Role in Overcoming Negative Behaviours (1:10:48) Replacing Bad Habits with Good (1:16:05) Addressing Anxiety's Root Causes Through Habit Change (1:18:28) Outro (1:22:12) Head to Dr Jud’s website, https://drjud.com/, to find his books, apps, and free resources. You can also connect with him and learn more on Instagram, YouTube, Threads, and Twitter/X. Optimise your health with InsideTracker’s biomarker analysis. Get exclusive access to InsideTracker’s new ApoB test, and a significant discount at insidetracker.com/simon. Enjoy, friends. Simon Want to support the show? The best way to support the show is to use the products and services offered by our sponsors. To check them out, and enjoy great savings, visit theproof.com/friends. You can also show your support by leaving a review on the Apple Podcast app and/or sharing your favourite episodes with your friends and family. Simon Hill, MSc, BSc (Hons) Creator of theproof.com and host of The Proof with Simon Hill Author of The Proof is in the Plants Watch the episodes on YouTube or listen on Apple/Spotify Connect with me on Instagram, Twitter, and Facebook Nourish your gut with my Plant-Based Ferments Guide Download my complimentary Two-Week Meal Plan and high protein Plant Performance recipe book

Episode #284. Is grass-fed beef truly the eco-friendly choice? Join me as I sit down with George Monbiot, acclaimed environmental activist and author, to challenge popular beliefs about regenerative agriculture. Discover the debate on carbon offsetting, the global impact of cattle ranching, and uncover why George believes that our current understanding might just be the world's most significant greenwash. Specifically, we discuss: Introduction (00:00) Who is Allan Savory? Exploring the "Is Livestock Grazing Vital for Climate Change Mitigation?" Debate (01:22) The Environmental Impact of Beef Consumption: Allan Savory's Claims and Evidence (05:39) The Flaws in Allan Savory's Supporting Studies (13:26) Soil Carbon Saturation and Greenhouse Gas Emissions (18:05) The Distinction Between Carbon Storage and Carbon Sequestration (21:04) Misunderstandings Surrounding Carbon Credit Schemes (26:17) Identifying Genuine Carbon Offset Programmes (33:04) Overlooking Carbon Opportunity Costs: Common Misconceptions (34:28) Debunking the Myth: Is Carbon Opportunity Cost a Grand Deception? (41:26) Is It Too Late for Climate Change Reversal? (52:03) Allan Savory's Assertions in Light of Contrary Evidence (57:54) George Monbiot Reflects on the Calibre of His Debate with Allan Savory (1:09:20) Livestock Farming and Farmer Revenues: Dispelling Myths (1:12:21) George Monbiot Shares His Sentiments on the Degradation of the Natural World (1:20:15) Why It Matters: The Imperative to Care (1:22:50) Outro (1:24:27) You can find a comprehensive database of George Monbiot’s work on his website, https://www.monbiot.com/, which encompasses his journalistic work and books. Get his book ‘Regenesis’ here. Connect with him on Twitter/X, Instagram, and Threads. Search “George Monbiot” on YouTube to find a wealth of videos like his short film with Greta Thunberg, this TED Talk, and this fascinating video about wolves and the balance of nature. If you missed George Monbiot’s first episode on The Proof, addressing food, politics, and the environment, make sure to listen to it here. Optimise your health with InsideTracker’s biomarker analysis. Get exclusive access to InsideTracker’s new ApoB test, and a significant discount at insidetracker.com/simon. Enjoy, friends. Simon Want to support the show? The best way to support the show is to use the products and services offered by our sponsors. To check them out, and enjoy great savings, visit theproof.com/friends. You can also show your support by leaving a review on the Apple Podcast app and/or sharing your favourite episodes with your friends and family. Simon Hill, MSc, BSc (Hons) Creator of theproof.com and host of The Proof with Simon Hill Author of The Proof is in the Plants Watch the episodes on YouTube or listen on Apple/Spotify Connect with me on Instagram, Twitter, and Facebook Nourish your gut with my Plant-Based Ferments Guide Download my complimentary Two-Week Meal Plan and high protein Plant Performance recipe book

Episode #283. Have you ever thought about how you can improve your health and well-being by aligning with your internal clocks? Join me as I sit down with circadian biology expert Dr Satchin Panda to learn his six essential tips for nurturing our circadian rhythm. Specifically, we discuss: Introduction (00:00) The Importance of Sleep Optimisation (03:18) Factors Influencing Sleep: Genes vs Daily Behaviours (11:53) The Relationship Between Caffeine and Sleep (16:27) Melatonin: Understanding Suppressors, Dosage, and Supplementation (21:15) Is It Possible to Compensate for Lost Sleep? (34:03) The Link Between Sleep Deprivation and Body Fat Accumulation (36:25) Should We Eat Immediately After Waking Up? (43:10) Time-Restricted Eating and Its Impact on Circadian Rhythms (48:32) Timing Your Meals: When Should You Consume Most of Your Daily Calories? (59:43) Time-Restricted Eating and Its Effect on Mitochondrial Function (1:04:50) Gender Differences: How Time-Restricted Eating Affects Health Outcomes in Men vs Women (1:11:04) The Ideal Amount of Daylight Exposure for Optimal Health (1:17:57) Determining the Best Time of Day to Exercise (1:28:57) Preparing for Bed: The Importance of Avoiding Food and Bright Lights Two Hours Before Sleep (1:35:23) Prioritising Lifestyle Habits: Which One Reigns Supreme? (1:40:55) Conclusion (1:45:56) Enjoy, friends. Simon Want to support the show? The best way to support the show is to use the products and services offered by our sponsors. To check them out, and enjoy great savings, visit theproof.com/friends. You can also show your support by leaving a review on the Apple Podcast app and/or sharing your favourite episodes with your friends and family. Simon Hill, MSc, BSc (Hons) Creator of theproof.com and host of The Proof with Simon Hill Author of The Proof is in the Plants Watch the episodes on YouTube or listen on Apple/Spotify Connect with me on Instagram, Twitter, and Facebook Nourish your gut with my Plant-Based Ferments Guide Download my complimentary Two-Week Meal Plan and high protein Plant Performance recipe book

Episode #282. What do you really need to know about omega-3s and omega-6s? What does evolution have to do with our diet? And does eating one egg burrito mean you’re not vegan? Discover the answers to these questions and more in this episode, where I sit down with Drew Harrisberg to discuss all things omegas, evolution, and ethics. Specifically, we discuss: Introduction (00:00) Simon Hill Tests Drew's Workout Protocol: Ideal Weights & Zone 2 Combo for the Busy Lifestyle (03:33) Machine vs. Free Weights: The Best Choice for Strength & Hypertrophy (10:36) Omega 3 & Omega 6 Essentials: Episode Summary with Philip Calder (26:12) Ethical Veganism: Can You Be Vegan after eating one egg? (53:35) Dr. Anthony Chaffee vs. Simon Hill: Did Our Ancestors Follow a Carnivore Diet? (1:14:05) Banana-Blueberry Smoothie Study: How Polyphenol Oxidase Affects Flavan-3-ols Bioavailability (1:39:46) Joey Swoll on Gym Influencers: Filming Workouts (1:52:40) Life's Purpose: The Importance of Serving Others (2:00:14) Outro (2:09:12) To connect with Drew, you can reach him via his Instagram or website, Drew’s Daily Dose. He also has a training program to put many of the principles he has discussed on the show into practice. Make sure to catch his previous episodes on the show, available on *The Proof* website, and check out the resources below for more. Listen to Episode #278 with Phillip Calder to learn all about omega-3s and omega-6s at this link. If you’re looking for an omega-3 supplement, I personally use Eimele Optimal Omega+; use code OMEGAPLUS for a discount. Optimise your health with InsideTracker’s biomarker analysis. Get exclusive access to InsideTracker’s new ApoB test, and a significant discount at insidetracker.com/simon. Enjoy, friends. Simon Want to support the show? The best way to support the show is to use the products and services offered by our sponsors. To check them out, and enjoy great savings, visit theproof.com/friends. You can also show your support by leaving a review on the Apple Podcast app and/or sharing your favourite episodes with your friends and family. Simon Hill, MSc, BSc (Hons) Creator of theproof.com and host of The Proof with Simon Hill Author of The Proof is in the Plants Watch the episodes on YouTube or listen on Apple/Spotify Connect with me on Instagram, Twitter, and Facebook Nourish your gut with my Plant-Based Ferments Guide Download my complimentary Two-Week Meal Plan and high-protein Plant Performance recipe book

Episode #281. With nearly a quarter of the world's population estimated to be affected by non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), understanding its intricacies is crucial. Join me as Dr Alan Flanagan helps unravel the complexities of NAFLD, breaks down its wider health ramifications, and offers insights on managing and living with the condition. We discuss: Introduction to Fatty Liver Disease (00:00) Understanding Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Its Development (02:27) Risk Factors: Gender Differences in Fatty Liver Disease Development (09:33) The Science of Hepatic Fat Oxidation (14:45) Consequences and Effects of Fatty Liver Disease (20:25) Identifying Symptoms of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (25:54) Risk Assessment: Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Premenopausal Women (29:33) Energy Toxicity and Misconceptions about BMI (34:50) Linking Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease with Type 2 Diabetes (48:34) Liver Changes During Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Progression (1:02:16) Strategies for Reducing Fat Accumulation in the Liver (1:05:28) The Role of Time-Restricted Eating in Managing Fatty Liver Disease (1:11:41) The Impact of Sugars on Fatty Liver Disease (1:20:16) Understanding the Relationship Between Dietary Fats and Fatty Liver Disease (1:41:16) High Saturated Fat Diets and Their Effect on Fatty Liver Disease (1:57:19) Importance of Caloric Source Variation in Dietary Fats (1:59:23) Beneficial Dietary Patterns for Liver Health (2:04:07) Analysing Dairy Types and Their Effects on Liver Fat (2:08:29) Meal Frequency and Its Relation to Liver Fat Accumulation (2:12:40) Recommended Lifestyle Changes for Preventing Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (2:17:59) Conclusion: Key Takeaways on Fatty Liver Disease Management (2:20:07) Connect with Alan Flanagan on Instagram, and learn more about his company, Alinea Nutrition, here. Make sure to listen to his five previous appearances on The Proof here. Optimise your health with InsideTracker’s biomarker analysis. Get exclusive access to InsideTracker’s new ApoB test, and a significant discount at insidetracker.com/simon. Enjoy, friends. Simon Want to support the show? The best way to support the show is to use the products and services offered by our sponsors. To check them out, and enjoy great savings, visit theproof.com/friends. You can also show your support by leaving a review on the Apple Podcast app and/or sharing your favourite episodes with your friends and family. Simon Hill, MSc, BSc (Hons) Creator of theproof.com and host of The Proof with Simon Hill Author of The Proof is in the Plants Watch the episodes on YouTube or listen on Apple/Spotify Connect with me on Instagram, Twitter, and Facebook Nourish your gut with my Plant-Based Ferments Guide Download my complimentary Two-Week Meal Plan and high protein Plant Performance recipe book

Episode #280. Ever wondered how the simple act of timing – when you eat, sleep, or even look at your phone – could dramatically affect your health? In this episode, I sit down with circadian biology expert Dr Satchin Panda to explore this concept. We delve into the science of our body's internal clocks and offer practical advice to keep them in sync. Don't miss out on unlocking the potential of your circadian rhythm for a healthier, more balanced life. We discuss: Introduction (0:00) Understanding Circadian Rhythms: Do They Influence Longevity? (1:55) The Role of the Suprachiasmatic Nucleus (SCN) in Circadian Rhythms (6:20) Cellular-Level Circadian Clocks: An Overview (10:33) A Comprehensive Look at Circadian Disruption (15:56) Effective Strategies for Managing Jet Lag (26:39) The Impact of Blue Light on Circadian Rhythms (29:17) Criteria for Diagnosing Circadian Rhythm Disorders (33:42) Sensitivity Factors of Circadian Rhythms (34:58) The Significance of Meal Timing in Circadian Rhythms (39:30) Circadian Rhythms: Their Relation to Cholesterol and Blood Pressure (43:41) Exploring the Link Between Circadian Disruption, DNA Damage, and Cancer Risk (46:49) Circadian Disruption and Its Role in Chronic Disease Risk (49:34) Time-Restricted Eating and Metabolic Health (55:22) Outro (1:06:09) To connect with Dr Satchin Panda, you can find him on Twitter and read his peer-reviewed papers on his profile. To learn more about circadian biology, his books, The Circadian Code and The Circadian Diabetes Code, are an incredible resource. You can also better understand your circadian rhythm while contributing to research with Dr Panda’s app, myCircadianClock. Optimise your health with InsideTracker’s biomarker analysis. Get exclusive access to InsideTracker’s new ApoB test, and a significant discount at insidetracker.com/simon. Enjoy, friends. Simon Want to support the show? The best way to support the show is to use the products and services offered by our sponsors. To check them out, and enjoy great savings, visit theproof.com/friends. You can also show your support by leaving a review on the Apple Podcast app and/or sharing your favourite episodes with your friends and family. Simon Hill, MSc, BSc (Hons) Creator of theproof.com and host of The Proof with Simon Hill Author of The Proof is in the Plants Watch the episodes on YouTube or listen on Apple/Spotify Connect with me on Instagram, Twitter, and Facebook Nourish your gut with my Plant-Based Ferments Guide Download my complimentary Two-Week Meal Plan and high protein Plant Performance recipe book

Episode #279. You've heard a lot about the benefits of Zone 2 training, but how do you actually fit it into your busy schedule? Join me as I sit down with exercise physiologist Drew Harrisberg to dive into the practical aspects of implementing Zone 2 training. Drew brings both professional insight and personal experience to help you understand how to optimise your training zones for long-term health benefits. Tune in to learn how to get the most out of your workouts, backed by science and sprinkled with good laughs. Specifically, we discuss: Intro (00:00) Drew's Insights on Training Regimens (06:52) Deep Dive with Inigo: Exploring Zone 2 Training (09:01) The Importance of Mitochondrial Function in Workout Planning (22:38) Do You Really Need 300 Minutes in Zone 2? (23:56) Discovering the Ideal Cardio Protocol (31:10) Cardio Strategies on Social Media: Are They Effective? (40:51) Methods to Accurately Measure Your Maximum Heart Rate (46:34) The Perfect Cardio Routine: Part II (50:46) Unveiling the Truth: Latest Research on the Fat-Burning Zone (1:02:40) Dad Joke of the Week (1:13:48) Navigating Science-Backed Information on Social Media Platforms (1:15:02) Shedding Light on Visceral Fat and Its Implications (1:19:14) Tailored Diets: Are They the Answer to Individualised Nutrition? (1:26:08) The Controversy Surrounding Seed Oils (1:33:02) Outro (1:36:56) To connect with Drew, you can reach him via his Instagram or website, Drew’s Daily Dose. He also has a training program to put many of the principles discussed today and in previous episodes into practice. Find Drew’s many previous episodes on *The Proof* website. Make sure to check out the full show notes, where you’ll find additional insights, guidance on calculating your max heart rate and zones, and a three-day a week training program. Optimise your health with InsideTracker’s biomarker analysis. Get exclusive access to InsideTracker’s new ApoB test, and a significant discount at insidetracker.com/simon. Enjoy, friends. Simon Want to support the show? The best way to support the show is to use the products and services offered by our sponsors. To check them out, and enjoy great savings, visit theproof.com/friends. You can also show your support by leaving a review on the Apple Podcast app and/or sharing your favourite episodes with your friends and family. Simon Hill, MSc, BSc (Hons) Creator of theproof.com and host of The Proof with Simon Hill Author of The Proof is in the Plants Watch the episodes on YouTube or listen on Apple/Spotify Connect with me on Instagram, Twitter, and Facebook Nourish your gut with my Plant-Based Ferments Guide Download my complimentary Two-Week Meal Plan and high protein Plant Performance recipe book

Episode #278. If you follow a plant-based diet, chances are you’ve wondered if you’re getting an adequate amount of omega-3. Join me as I sit down with Professor Philip Calder, an international authority in nutritional immunology with over 20 years of research on fatty acids. Professor Calder helps to cut through the confusion to give you the science-backed breakdown on how these fats impact your health, and how much you should really be consuming. Learn everything you need to know about these essential fats in your diet in this episode. Specifically, we discuss: Introduction (00:00) Philip Calder's Passion for Fatty Acids and His Background (02:00) Debunking Major Fatty Acid Myths in Academia & Social Media (05:53) Altering Cell Membrane Health Through Diet (11:14) Understanding Essential Fats: Why are They Vital? (13:57) Low Conversion Rates: From ALA to EPA & DHA Explained (18:08) The Importance of Monitoring Omega 6 Intake (23:31) The Link Between Omega 6 Fatty Acids and Inflammation (27:28) Does Dietary Linoleic Acid Impact Arachidonic Acid? (35:23) The Inflammatory Role of Arachidonic Acid (37:29) Linoleic Acid & Its Inflammatory Effects (40:41) Should Western Diet Adopters Reduce Omega 6 Intake? (43:56) Major Omega 6 Food Sources and Their Alternatives (45:58) Balancing Omega 3 & Omega 6: Impact on Inflammation (48:57) Plant-Based EPA & DHA: The Genetic Modification Approach (52:04) The Health Implications of Replacing Saturated Fat with Linoleic Acid (59:24) Cardiometabolic Risks of Polyunsaturated Fats (1:03:55) How Omega 3 & Omega 6 Influence Insulin Resistance (1:07:17) Polyunsaturated Fats' Effect on Blood Pressure (1:08:31) The Long-Term Impact of Consuming Polyunsaturated Fats (1:12:05) EPA & DHA Research Variance: Doses, Types, and Outcomes (1:15:40) Ideal Omega 3 Levels for General Health (1:21:51) Benefits of Plant-Based EPA & DHA Supplements (1:27:55) Concerns with Low ALA Levels (1:30:17) Absorption Efficiency of EPA & DHA Supplements (1:32:34) The Science Behind Omega 3 Testing (1:34:28) Algae Oil vs Fish Oil: Which is Superior? (1:36:36) DPA Supplementation and Its Benefits (1:38:33) Does DHA & EPA Supplementation Impact Cholesterol Levels? (1:40:34) Potential Side Effects of DHA & EPA Supplements (1:42:03) Conclusion (1:45:44) Learn more about Professor Philip Calder and his work at southampton.ac.uk/people/5wzh2r/professor-philip-calder. Optimise your health with InsideTracker’s biomarker analysis. Get exclusive access to InsideTracker’s new ApoB test, and a significant discount at insidetracker.com/simon. Enjoy, friends. Simon Want to support the show? The best way to support the show is to use the products and services offered by our sponsors. To check them out, and enjoy great savings, visit theproof.com/friends. You can also show your support by leaving a review on the Apple Podcast app and/or sharing your favourite episodes with your friends and family. Simon Hill, MSc, BSc (Hons) Creator of theproof.com and host of The Proof with Simon Hill Author of The Proof is in the Plants Watch the episodes on YouTube or listen on Apple/Spotify Connect with me on Instagram, Twitter, and Facebook Nourish your gut with my Plant-Based Ferments Guide Download my complimentary Two-Week Meal Plan and high protein Plant Performance recipe book

Episode #277. Curious about the buzz around Zone 2 training? Dr Inigo San Millan, an expert in metabolic health and sports performance, joins me to decode the science behind Zone 2. Learn how to fine-tune your exercise intensity for metabolic flexibility, longevity, and peak performance. We discuss: Introduction (00:00) Understanding Metabolic Health (2:21) Metabolic Health Among Elite Athletes: Exploring the Perfection of Studying (6:40) Metabolic Health, Mitochondria, and Nutrition (8:00) Defining 'Metabolise' (14:41) Exploring Metabolic Flexibility (18:33) Determining the Causes of Mitochondrial Dysfunction (21:01) The Role of Oxygen in Energy Production Mechanisms (24:44) Comprehending Energy Zones (28:07) Energy Metabolism Mechanisms: Glucose vs. Fat (40:27) Zone 2's Optimal Stimulation of Mitochondria (45:29) Lactate's Impact on Mitochondria: Unraveling the Effects (50:46) Managing Lactate Levels: Strategies Employed by Athletes (59:37) Establishing an Aerobic Base (1:15:13) Inducing Mitochondrial Stimulation Through Zone 2 Training (1:17:31) Strategies for Enhancing Mitochondrial Count (1:19:27) Carbohydrates' Influence on Metabolic Health (1:29:26) Metabolic Health in Sedentary Lifestyles: Understanding the Impact (1:31:04) Zone 2 Demystified: Unveiling Its Significance (1:37:59) Recognizing Zone 2: How to Identify Your State (1:39:57) Monitoring ATP Production Fuel via Specialized Devices (1:49:12) Zone 2's Role in Fat Loss: Separating Fact from Fiction (1:53:49) Optimizing Zone 2 Intensity for Maximum Results (1:59:59) Weekly Zone 2 Prescription for Robust Mitochondrial Health (2:07:24) Effective Modalities for Zone 2 Training: Making Informed Choices (2:11:50) Resistance Training's Integration within Zone 2 Regimen (2:18:11) The Optimal Timing for Zone 2 Training: Navigating the Day (2:20:29) Supplements and Their Relevance to Zone 2 (2:26:17) Summarizing the Essence of Zone 2 (2:35:06) Amplifying Training Benefits: Embracing Zones 3 and 4 (2:38:17) Outro (2:40:04) Connect with Dr Inigo San Millan on Instagram and Twitter/X. If you’d like to listen to the episode with Dr Herman Pontzer that we mentioned in this conversation, you can do so here. Optimise your health with InsideTracker’s biomarker analysis. Get exclusive access to InsideTracker’s new ApoB test, and a 20% discount at insidetracker.com/simon. For more insights and supporting studies, visit The Proof website for the full show notes. Enjoy, friends. Simon Want to support the show? The best way to support the show is to use the products and services offered by our sponsors. To check them out, and enjoy great savings, visit theproof.com/friends. You can also show your support by leaving a review on the Apple Podcast app and/or sharing your favourite episodes with your friends and family. Simon Hill, MSc, BSc (Hons) Creator of theproof.com and host of The Proof with Simon Hill Author of The Proof is in the Plants Watch the episodes on YouTube or listen on Apple/Spotify Connect with me on Instagram, Twitter, and Facebook Nourish your gut with my Plant-Based Ferments Guide Download my complimentary Two-Week Meal Plan and high protein Plant Performance recipe book

Episode #276. How does an earth scientist embark on a career journey that traverses the fossil fuel industry, Silicon Valley alongside Steve Jobs, and a mission to revolutionise our approach to food? Chris MacAskill has worn many hats throughout his career, overcoming extreme hardship to get to where he is today. This episode challenges conventional thinking and is an inspiration to more carefully consider the choices we make every day, both for our health and the planet. We discuss: Introduction (00:00) Insights into Chris MacAskill's Background (03:00) Ancell Kees' Studies (07:20) Chris MacAskill's Childhood (13:50) Life-Altering Experiences of an Earth Scientist (32:51) Climate Change in the 1980s (40:01) Fuel Companies: Lobbying and Financing (43:39) Obesity, Public Healthcare, and Public Interest (46:33) A Deep Dive into Various Diets with Chris MacAskill (50:42) Diets Preferred by Brain Scientists (1:04:53) Understanding the Impact of Food on the Environment (1:08:46) The Health Implications of Beef Consumption (1:15:09) An Introduction to Cellular Agriculture (1:19:50) National Geographic Documentary Films & General Magic (1:23:48) Working Alongside Steve Jobs (1:35:41) The Legacy of General Magic (1:48:02) The Computer History Museum (2:01:01) Missfits (2:02:06) Transforming Weaknesses into Superpowers (2:07:43) How to Choose the Right Nutrition Expert to Listen to? (2:13:59) The Future of Plant Chompers (2:22:07) Outro (2:28:30) Connect Discover Chris MacAskill’s work on his Plant Chompers YouTube channel, where you’ll find accessible, research-backed educational content. You can also connect with him on Instagram, Twitter, and LinkedIn. Optimise your health with InsideTracker’s biomarker analysis. Get exclusive access to InsideTracker’s new ApoB test, and a significant discount at insidetracker.com/simon. For more insights and dozens of additional resources, head to the full show notes on The Proof website. Enjoy, friends. Simon Want to support the show? The best way to support the show is to use the products and services offered by our sponsors. To check them out, and enjoy great savings, visit theproof.com/friends. You can also show your support by leaving a review on the Apple Podcast app and/or sharing your favourite episodes with your friends and family. Simon Hill, MSc, BSc (Hons) Creator of theproof.com and host of The Proof with Simon Hill Author of The Proof is in the Plants Watch the episodes on YouTube or listen on Apple/Spotify Connect with me on Instagram, Twitter, and Facebook Nourish your gut with my Plant-Based Ferments Guide Download my complimentary Two-Week Meal Plan and high protein Plant Performance recipe book

Episode #275. Have you ever wondered how your gut health might affect your body weight? In this episode, I sit down with Dr Will Bulsiewicz – a leading authority in gut health and The Proof fan favourite – to unravel the fascinating connection between the microbiome and metabolism. From exploring dietary fibre’s impact on disease prevention to comparing ketogenic and plant-based diets, this conversation offers a deep dive into how our inner ecosystem influences our overall health. Tune in for actionable insights and scientific revelations that could transform your approach to wellbeing. Specifically, we discuss: Intro (00:00) Introduction to Dr. Will Bulsiewicz and His Literary Contributions (2:42) Do Gastroenterologists Analyse Their Own Stool? (7:43) Dr. Will Bulsiewicz's Collaboration with ZOE (9:55) Behind the Scenes: Dr. Will's Nutritional Supplement Venture (11:20) The Progressive Journey of the Gut Health Movement (14:02) Decoding the Microbiome: Its Role and Significance in Health (17:20) Exploring Metabolism and Metabolic Health (0:24:50) The Microbiome's Role in Influencing Metabolism (0:33:07) Understanding GLP-1 Agonists: Their Impact on Satiety and Weight Reduction (0:38:54) Tips to Increase Dietary Fibre Intake for Better Health (0:45:05) The Connection Between Microbiome and Fat Metabolism (0:47:36) Strategies to Boost Metabolism and Promote Brown Fat Activation (0:49:59) The Role of Lipopolysaccharide in Gut Barrier Functionality (0:51:33) Significance of Gut Health and the Risks of Dysbiosis (0:54:49) Linking Insulin Resistance with Satiety Mechanisms (0:56:03) The Relationship Between Satiety and Blood Sugar Fluctuations (0:58:30) Analysing Kevin Hall's Research: Plant-Based Diet vs. Alternative Diets (1:02:04) Blood Regulation, Insulin Resistance, Lipotoxicity, and Microbiome (1:10:38) Deciphering Glucose Homeostasis: What You Need to Know (1:20:37) The Interplay Between Insulin Resistance and Obesity Factors (1:21:51) The Beneficial Role of Dietary Fibre in Blood Sugar Management (1:23:11) Is Reversing Type 2 Diabetes a Possibility? (1:25:18) How the Microbiome Influences Blood Sugar Regulation Mechanisms (1:32:12) The Cholesterol-Lowering Benefits of Dietary Fibre (1:37:06) Top Sources of Soluble Fibre for a Healthy Diet (1:39:40) Triglycerides and Their Relationship with the Microbiome (1:42:06) The Protective Role of Fibre in Disease Prevention (1:46:28) Outro (1:51:46) Connect with Dr Will Bulsiewicz on Instagram, Facebook, Twitter, and TikTok. Discover more resources and Dr B’s books on his website, theplantfedgut.com, learn more about supplementation at 38tera.com, and find his work on personalised nutrition at joinzoe.com. Listen to Dr B’s past appearances on The Proof here. My team and I have also put together a PDF of resources for this episode, helping you better understand the science behind this conversation. Download it at theproof.com/drb. Optimise your health with InsideTracker’s biomarker analysis. Get exclusive access to InsideTracker’s new ApoB test, and a significant discount at insidetracker.com/simon. Head to The Proof website for supporting studies and the full show notes. Enjoy, friends. Simon Want to support the show? The best way to support the show is to use the products and services offered by our sponsors. To check them out, and enjoy great savings, visit theproof.com/friends. You can also show your support by leaving a review on the Apple Podcast app and/or sharing your favourite episodes with your friends and family. Simon Hill, MSc, BSc (Hons) Creator of theproof.com and host of The Proof with Simon Hill Author of The Proof is in the Plants Watch the episodes on YouTube or listen on Apple/Spotify Connect with me on Instagram, Twitter, and Facebook Nourish your gut with my Plant-Based Ferments Guide Download my complimentary Two-Week Meal Plan and high protein Plant Performance recipe book

Episode #274. Join me as I sit down with Dr Joel Fuhrman to explore the Nutritarian diet, a unique approach that emphasises nutritional excellence to prevent cancer, slow aging, and even reverse chronic disease. With insights into reversing chronic illnesses and understanding the balance between caloric and nutrient satisfaction, Dr Fuhrman's perspective offers a fresh take on nutrition. Tune in for a valuable exploration of food as medicine and learn practical strategies to optimise your wellbeing through food choices. Specifically, we discuss: Introduction to Dr Joel Fuhrman and the Nutritarian Lifestyle (00:00) Overview of Dr Fuhrman's Micronutrient-rich Diet and Its Advantages (2:43) The Role of Fibre and Resistant Starch in Diet (9:32) Dr Fuhrman's Personal Introduction to Plant-based Eating (12:08) The Importance of Optimising Omega-3 Consumption (22:42) Understanding DHA and EPA: Do we need them (28:03) Blue Zones (33:33) The Role of Zinc in Diet and When to Think About Supplementation (37:55) A Detailed Examination of the Nutritarian Diet and Its Benefits (43:42) Oils: What do you need to know? (52:27) Comparing Plant-based Proteins to Animal Proteins (58:21) Aligning Protein Consumption with Exercise for Longevity (1:05:09) The Dietary Debate: Plant-sourced vs. Animal-sourced Low-Carb Diets (1:14:30) Addressing Autoimmune Conditions Via Diet (1:18:30) The Influence of Diet on Weight Reduction and Reversing Chronic Illnesses (1:22:03) The Challenge of Educating and Modifying Dietary Behaviours (1:31:33) Overweight and fat distribution (1:35:12) How Weight Reduction Can Be Revolutionary in Reversing Diabetes (1:40:21) The Link Between Sleep Patterns and Eating Schedule (1:46:59) Strategic Eating: Maximising Gains from Vegetables, Nuts, Seeds, and Soups (1:47:52) Underlining Collective Effort for a Healthier Society (1:53:58) Outro (1:56:59) Learn more about Dr Joel Fuhrman and his work at https://www.drfuhrman.com/, where you’ll find resources and opportunities for personalised guidance. You can also connect with him on Instagram, Twitter , Facebook, and YouTube. Optimise your health with InsideTracker’s biomarker analysis. Get exclusive access to InsideTracker’s new ApoB test, and a significant discount at insidetracker.com/simon. Make sure to head to The Proof website for the full show notes and supporting studies. Enjoy, friends. Simon Want to support the show? The best way to support the show is to use the products and services offered by our sponsors. To check them out, and enjoy great savings, visit theproof.com/friends. You can also show your support by leaving a review on the Apple Podcast app and/or sharing your favourite episodes with your friends and family. Simon Hill, MSc, BSc (Hons) Creator of theproof.com and host of The Proof with Simon Hill Author of The Proof is in the Plants Watch the episodes on YouTube or listen on Apple/Spotify Connect with me on Instagram, Twitter, and Facebook Nourish your gut with my Plant-Based Ferments Guide Download my complimentary Two-Week Meal Plan and high protein Plant Performance recipe book

Episode #273. When we think about health and wellness, what usually comes to mind is nutrition, exercise, sleep, or some other tangible metric. But what about love? In this conversation, I sit down with relationship coach Jillian Turecki to hear her insights on the power of a healthy relationship. We discuss: Intro (00:00) Quality of self-love = quality of love life (2:25) Red flags, compatibility, and being "perfect" (7:50) Self-worth and personal responsibility (15:49) Practices for nurturing self-love (24:45) Confidence is key (29:41) Dating and more red flags (36:46) Societal pressures (45:15) Lust and love (51:48) Romantic relationship and loneliness (54:55) What about getting dates in the first place? (59:04) Honesty is king (1:08:56) Declining of marriage rates (1:12:21) Lasting love amidst flaws and imperfections (1:16:38) Attachment styles (1:21:20) Foundation of a successful relationship (1:28:14) Supportive relationship, sex, and stress (1:31:33)\ Porn (1:37:33) Communication mistakes and benefits of therapy (1:42:44) Monogamy and 'alternative' relationships (1:54:13) Why happy relationships lead to longer, healthier lives (2:01:05) Jillian on marriage and motherhood (2:03:56) Outro (2:05:04) Connect with Jillian Turecki on Instagram, Twitter, and TikTok. Visit Jillian’s website to discover more about her work and discover her courses. Make sure to also check out her podcast, Jillian On Love. Make sure to visit The Proof website for the full show notes. Optimise your health with InsideTracker’s biomarker analysis. Get exclusive access to InsideTracker’s new ApoB test, and a significant discount at insidetracker.com/simon. Enjoy, friends. Simon Want to support the show? The best way to support the show is to use the products and services offered by our sponsors. To check them out, and enjoy great savings, visit theproof.com/friends. You can also show your support by leaving a review on the Apple Podcast app and/or sharing your favourite episodes with your friends and family. Simon Hill, MSc, BSc (Hons) Creator of theproof.com and host of The Proof with Simon Hill Author of The Proof is in the Plants Watch the episodes on YouTube or listen on Apple/Spotify Connect with me on Instagram, Twitter, and Facebook Nourish your gut with my Plant-Based Ferments Guide Download my complimentary Two-Week Meal Plan and high-protein Plant Performance recipe book

Episode #272. In the quest for an extended lifespan, has science been led astray? Join me as I sit down with Professor Charles Brenner, a leading global expert in NAD biology, to examine the longevity field's claims and controversies. From debunking common beliefs to questioning high-profile opinions, Dr Brenner delivers a refreshingly candid perspective on the science of aging. Tune in to explore why he believes there's no “cure” for aging, the limitations of animal studies, and what the future might hold for this complex field. Specifically, we discuss: Intro (00:00) Do we have the genes to live beyond 120 years? (3:54) The genetics of extreme longevity (14:18) Longevity in the animal kingdom (18:26) Why do we age, and the realities of extending lifespan (31:22) How long can we live? (39:01) NAD coenzymes and DNA repair (43:49) "Anti-ageing" products (55:17) Conflicts of interest and the integrity of scientific claims (1:01:08) Discovering nicotinamide riboside (NR) (vitamin B3) (1:03:19) Sirtuins as anti-ageing genes (1:09:22) A rebuttal to Drs. David Sinclair and Lenny Guarente (1:19:13) Seeking consensus on the study of human longevity (1:32:57) The information theory of aging (1:43:19) Dr. Charles Brenner's theory of ageing (2:00:28) How to age better (2:03:30) Dr. Brenner on the quality of life (2:09:05) NR supplementation (2:10:09) Moving beyond Yamanaka factors (2:15:02) Outro (2:18:45) Connect with Dr Charles Brenner on Twitter, and visit his website, https://www.brennerlab.net/, for more. Optimise your health with InsideTracker’s biomarker analysis. Get exclusive access to InsideTracker’s new ApoB test, and a significant discount at insidetracker.com/simon. Enjoy, friends. Simon Want to support the show? The best way to support the show is to use the products and services offered by our sponsors. To check them out, and enjoy great savings, visit theproof.com/friends. You can also show your support by leaving a review on the Apple Podcast app and/or sharing your favourite episodes with your friends and family. Simon Hill, MSc, BSc (Hons) Creator of theproof.com and host of The Proof with Simon Hill Author of The Proof is in the Plants Watch the episodes on YouTube or listen on Apple/Spotify Connect with me on Instagram, Twitter, and Facebook Nourish your gut with my Plant-Based Ferments Guide Download my complimentary Two-Week Meal Plan and high protein Plant Performance recipe book

Episode #271. Have you ever wondered just how much of an effect antibiotics have on your health? Gastroenterologist and gut health expert Dr Will Bulsiewicz returns to the show in this episode, breaking down how antibiotics impact our microbiome and the steps you can take to protect and restore your gut health before, during, and after taking them. Specifically, we discuss: Intro (00:00) What are antibiotics? (03:01) Efficacy, prescription, and 'antibiotic scar' (08:26) The healthy gut microbiome (15:58) Effects of antibiotics to gut the microbiome (21:32) Clostridioides difficile (28:30) Do you really need antibiotics? (31:04) High-fibre diet (39:44) Sprouts, lentils, and fermented foods (43:25) Prebiotics and prebiotic supplements (46:30) Probiotics and microbiome recovery after antibiotics (58:06) Who may benefit from taking probiotics? (1:05:00) Foods to limit to avoid dysbiosis (1:07:45) Why do antibiotics cause yeast infections? Do probiotics help? (1:09:35) Antibiotics and small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) (1:11:04) Lifestyle changes to boost microbiome recovery after taking antibiotics (1:13:49) Outro (1:18:56) Connect with Dr Will Bulsiewicz on Instagram, Facebook, Twitter, and TikTok. Discover more resources and Dr B’s books on his website, theplantfedgut.com, and learn more about supplementation at 38tera.com. Listen to Dr B’s past appearances on The Proof here. My team and I have also put together a PDF of resources for this episode, helping you better understand the science behind this conversation. Download it at theproof.com/drb. Optimise your health with InsideTracker’s biomarker analysis. Get exclusive access to InsideTracker’s new ApoB test, and a significant discount at insidetracker.com/simon. Enjoy, friends. Simon Want to support the show? The best way to support the show is to use the products and services offered by our sponsors. To check them out, and enjoy great savings, visit theproof.com/friends. You can also show your support by leaving a review on the Apple Podcast app and/or sharing your favourite episodes with your friends and family. Simon Hill, MSc, BSc (Hons) Creator of theproof.com and host of The Proof with Simon Hill Author of The Proof is in the Plants Watch the episodes on YouTube or listen on Apple/Spotify Connect with me on Instagram, Twitter, and Facebook Nourish your gut with my Plant-Based Ferments Guide Download my complimentary Two-Week Meal Plan and high-protein Plant Performance recipe book

Episode #270. If you’ve ever been confused by the sea of women’s health misinformation, you’re not alone. Join me as I sit down with Dr Jen Gunter, internationally celebrated OB/GYN and New York Times bestselling author, to dispel disinformation with evidence. We address everything from yeast infections to birth control, compounded hormones, and menopausal hormone therapy. This isn’t just a health masterclass, but also a critical conversation about the misinformation and disinformation that is pervasive in women's health discussions: essential listening for anyone who cares about promoting an equitable health landscape. Specifically, we discuss: Intro (00:00) Dr. Jen Gunter on Gynecology (2:56) Misinformation vs disinformation (8:11) Western medicine and the truth about supplements (15:16) Tips for discerning online information (20:43) Yeast infection and how to really treat it (29:42) Can diet treat yeast infection? (38:04) Is a vaginal microbiome test necessary? (44:52) Understanding menstruation and contraception (47:47) Challenges for women in their mid-30s after birth control (54:00) Menopause, hormone testing, and symptom assessment (1:01:42) The grandmother hypothesis (1:07:13) Hormone therapy (1:10:32) Bioidentical hormones vs. what's recommended (1:18:02) Alternative treatments for hot flashes (1:26:52) What men need to know and how they can help (1:32:42) Outro (1:39:38) Connect with Dr Jen Gunter on Instagram, Twitter, and TikTok. For more comprehensive information, you can read Dr Gunter’s two books, The Vagina Bible and The Menopause Manifesto. Head to her blog, https://vajenda.substack.com/, for frequent newsletters and articles. Optimise your health with InsideTracker’s biomarker analysis. Get exclusive access to InsideTracker’s new ApoB test, and a significant discount at insidetracker.com/simon. Looking for more episodes centred around women’s health? Listen to past episodes on this topic here. Enjoy, friends. Simon Want to support the show? The best way to support the show is to use the products and services offered by our sponsors. To check them out, and enjoy great savings, visit theproof.com/friends. You can also show your support by leaving a review on the Apple Podcast app and/or sharing your favourite episodes with your friends and family. Simon Hill, MSc, BSc (Hons) Creator of theproof.com and host of The Proof with Simon Hill Author of The Proof is in the Plants Watch the episodes on YouTube or listen on Apple/Spotify Connect with me on Instagram, Twitter, and Facebook Nourish your gut with my Plant-Based Ferments Guide Download my complimentary Two-Week Meal Plan and high protein Plant Performance recipe book

Episode #269. Dive into the heart of controversial nutrition studies and discover the surprising complexities behind everyday food choices with Professor Gardner, a respected authority in the field of nutrition science. As we navigate the maze of dietary patterns, this insightful conversation bridges the gap between scientific evidence and practical nutrition, empowering you to make informed decisions about your health. We discuss: Intro (00:00) A twin study is in the works (4:06) Plant-based meat vs. red meat (8:53) How to make homemade kombucha (18: 40) Different diets for athletic performance (the SWAP-MEAT trial) (23:02) Feedback from athletes (37:21) Which popular diets are truly heart-healthy? (40:35) How different diets measure up to health guidelines (49:12) Practical insights for doctors and patients (55:07) The truth about low fat, vegan diet (59:36) Controversies vs consensus in nutrition (1:02:45) The food industry and medical institutions (1:10:19) Low-fat & low-carb diets for weight loss (the DIETFITS study) (1:14:30) Sustainable weight loss and GLP-1 agonists (1:28:25) Psychological strategies to make veggies irresistible (1:36:00) The “protein flip”, the academe, and a new book (1:46:09) Outro (1:49:55) Professor Gardner has also shared his homemade kombucha recipe with us. You can find it in this blog post. Connect with Professor Christopher Gardner on Twitter. Head to https://nutrition.stanford.edu/ for more resources and studies, and the Stanford Nutrition YouTube channel for more videos. Listen to past episodes featuring Professor Gardner here. Optimise your health with InsideTracker’s biomarker analysis. Get exclusive access to InsideTracker’s new ApoB test, and a significant discount at insidetracker.com/simon. Enjoy, friends. Simon Want to support the show? The best way to support the show is to use the products and services offered by our sponsors. To check them out, and enjoy great savings, visit theproof.com/friends. You can also show your support by leaving a review on the Apple Podcast app and/or sharing your favourite episodes with your friends and family. Simon Hill, MSc, BSc (Hons) Creator of theproof.com and host of The Proof with Simon Hill Author of The Proof is in the Plants Watch the episodes on YouTube or listen on Apple/Spotify Connect with me on Instagram, Twitter, and Facebook Nourish your gut with my Plant-Based Ferments Guide Download my complimentary Two-Week Meal Plan and high-protein Plant Performance recipe book

Episode #268. Ever felt overwhelmed by conflicting nutrition advice? In this episode, I sit down with Dr Matthew Nagra, a naturopathic doctor with a passion for plant-based nutrition. Together, we debunk common nutrition myths and bring clarity to some hot topics. Dr Nagra's evidence-based perspective will guide you through the noise, helping you make informed dietary decisions. From understanding biases to breaking down the facts about phytates and gluten, you’ll be better equipped to navigate the nutrition landscape with more clarity and confidence. We discuss: Intro (00:00) Dr. Matthew Nagra's health journey (3:24) The dangers of misinformation (7:49) Does Matthew Nagra is biased vegan (11:39) Dr. Matthew's approach to nutrition studies (15:00) Does plants are trying to kill us? (18:42) Does unprocessed red meat increase the risk of cancer and cardiovascular disease? (28:20) Are Food Frequency Questionnaires reliable? (38:43) Tucker Goodrich and the seed oil debate (40:16) What oil you should use? (45:40) Vegan diet and nutrient supplementation (48:00) Precision fermentation (57:32) Saturated fat, sodium, and fiber (1:01:39) Fortified soy milk (1:10:36) Do phytates and oxalates rob your body of minerals (1:15:23) Is there a single optimal diet? (1:19:53) Does eating fat make you fat? (1:22:17) Do you burn more fat on a keto diet? (1:22:45) Does a low-carb ketogenic diet is the best to treat type 2 diabetes (1:24:07) Is low fat, vegan diet the optimal way to do a plant-based diet? (1:29:38) Is low-fat vegan diet the best for cardiovascular health? (1:42:20) Protein and resistance training (1:44:06) Should you avoid gluten? (1:51:57) Does Lectins cause a leaky gut? (1:53:42) Outro (1:55:58) You can connect with Dr Matthew Nagra on Instagram, Twitter, and Facebook. To learn more about Dr Nagra’s work and for other resources, head to his website, https://drmatthewnagra.com/. You can find his previous episodes here. For more insights and dozens of supporting studies, visit The Proof website for the full show notes. Optimise your health with InsideTracker’s biomarker analysis. Get exclusive access to InsideTracker’s new ApoB test, and a significant discount at insidetracker.com/simon. Enjoy, friends. Simon Want to support the show? The best way to support the show is to use the products and services offered by our sponsors. To check them out, and enjoy great savings, visit theproof.com/friends. You can also show your support by leaving a review on the Apple Podcast app and/or sharing your favourite episodes with your friends and family. Simon Hill, MSc, BSc (Hons) Creator of theproof.com and host of The Proof with Simon Hill Author of The Proof is in the Plants Watch the episodes on YouTube or listen on Apple/Spotify Connect with me on Instagram, Twitter, and Facebook Nourish your gut with my Plant-Based Ferments Guide Download my complimentary Two-Week Meal Plan and high-protein Plant Performance recipe book

Episode #267. Join me for a deep dive into the influence of the gut microbiome on inflammation and metabolic disease. In this fascinating exchange with Dr Suzanne Devkota, we explore the role of the gut in these conditions, shedding light on food allergies, IBD, and obesity. You’ll learn the practical tips you need to nurture a healthy microbiome, as well as gain a better understanding of what we do – and don’t – know about this incredible system. Specifically, we discuss: Intro (00:00) The evolving field of microbiome research (02:13) Gut microbe on social media (09:32) Microbiome definition (12:48) Why the focus on gut bacteria? (13:55) Differences in Microbes (16:02) Microbial shifts and adaptations (18:45) Microbes perturbations (21:35) Human microbiome in evolution (23:54) Healthy microbiome and diversity (27:47) Is the microbiome the sole driver of metabolic diseases? (33:05) Dietary patterns and FODMAP intolerance (41:07) Saturated fat and gut health (49:15) Microbiome metabolites and heart disease risk (57:42) Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and dysbiosis (1:02:09) Food additives (1:12:29) Supporting the microbiome in IBD (1:15:29) Microbiome's interaction with fat cells (1:16:52) Short-chain fatty acids and appetite regulation (1:29:26) Practical tips for nourishing a healthy gut (1:31:05) Microbiome's interaction with Polyphenols (1:38:43) On supplements and fermented foods (1:39:15) Factors affecting gut health beyond nutrition (1:46:22) Outro (1:50:10) Connect with Dr Suzanne Devkota on Instagram and Twitter. Learn more about her research at http://www.devkotalab.com/thelab. Optimise your health with InsideTracker’s biomarker analysis. Get exclusive access to InsideTracker’s new ApoB test, and a significant discount at insidetracker.com/simon. Enjoy, friends. Simon Want to support the show? The best way to support the show is to use the products and services offered by our sponsors. To check them out, and enjoy great savings, visit theproof.com/friends. You can also show your support by leaving a review on the Apple Podcast app and/or sharing your favourite episodes with your friends and family. Simon Hill, MSc, BSc (Hons) Creator of theproof.com and host of The Proof with Simon Hill Author of The Proof is in the Plants Watch the episodes on YouTube or listen on Apple/Spotify Connect with me on Instagram, Twitter, and Facebook Nourish your gut with my Plant-Based Ferments Guide Download my complimentary Two-Week Meal Plan and high protein Plant Performance recipe book

Episode #266. Learn the key pillars for a healthy diet from the world’s most cited nutrition scientist, Dr Walter Willett. In this two-hour exchange, Dr Willett shares the cornerstones of a healthy diet, providing the practical guidance you need to live a long, healthy life. We discuss: Introduction (00:00) Which Foods Should You Eat to Stay Healthy? (04:10) Does the Quality of Foods Matter? (06:39) The Impact of the Average American Diet on Health (08:29) Do We Have Sufficient Evidence on How Nutrition Impacts Our Health? (11:05) Key Tasks/Leaves to Make Healthy Choices (14:03) How Diet Patterns Have Changed from the 70s till Now (15:09) Walter Willet: A Nutrition Story (18:20) Ancel Keys' Research on Fat (19:40) Three Large Observation Studies by Walter Willet and His Team (27:19) Advantages of Large Observation Studies over Randomized Control Trials (32:45) Correlation and Causation in Nutrition (39:15) Food Frequency Questionnaire: Importance of Methods for Measuring Dietary Intake (50:58) Biochemical Analysis in Three Cohort Observations of Walter Willet's Studies (55:18) Are Low-Fat Diets Good for Cardiovascular Health? (1:00:37) Polyunsaturated Fats and Cardiovascular Disease (1:02:21) Benefits of Switching from Saturated Fat to Unsaturated Fats (1:08:31) Is Dairy Bad or Good? (1:09:04) Should You Consume Full-Fat or Low-Fat Dairy? (1:11:29) Daily Recommendation for Dairy Consumption (1:16:03) Can You Be Healthy Without Consuming Dairy? (1:20:42) Confusion Surrounding Unprocessed Red Meat (1:23:00) What is Substitution Analysis? (1:25:55) Insights into the Research Process (1:27:45) Contrast and Exposure in Research (1:29:33) Safe Intake of Red Meat (1:33:02) Is Grass-Fed Beef Good for Me? (1:33:51) Is White Meat Better Than Red Meat? (1:35:57) Fish vs. Legumes: A Comparison (1:36:37) Dietary Cholesterol and Its Impact on Human Health (1:40:08) The Best Diet for a Healthy Life (1:43:28) Outro (1:52:01) To learn more about Dr Walter Willett and read his studies, head to his Harvard Academic Profile. Dr Willett has also published four books; you can find his bestseller, Eat, Drink, and Be Healthy: The Harvard Medical School Guide to Healthy Eating here. Optimise your health with InsideTracker’s biomarker analysis. Get exclusive access to InsideTracker’s new ApoB test, and a significant discount at insidetracker.com/simon. Enjoy, friends. Simon Want to support the show? The best way to support the show is to use the products and services offered by our sponsors. To check them out, and enjoy great savings, visit theproof.com/friends. You can also show your support by leaving a review on the Apple Podcast app and/or sharing your favourite episodes with your friends and family. Simon Hill, MSc, BSc (Hons) Creator of theproof.com and host of The Proof with Simon Hill Author of The Proof is in the Plants Watch the episodes on YouTube or listen on Apple/Spotify Connect with me on Instagram, Twitter, and Facebook Nourish your gut with my Plant-Based Ferments Guide Download my complimentary Two-Week Meal Plan and high protein Plant Performance recipe book

Episode #265. Escaping an echo chamber and admitting that you have changed your mind ­– particularly when you have a large, engaged audience – is no easy feat. In this conversation, I sit down with Thomas DeLauer to break down some of the existing walls between different dietary camps, opening the conversation around nuance and an open-minded approach. We cover: Intro (00:00) Simon makes assumptions about Thomas DeLauer (5:03) Thomas on working out (6:58) Biohacking (8:37) Cold plunges and saunas (9:35) Thomas DeLauer and alcohol (15:51) Tea or coffee (18:50) Battling and overcoming obesity (20:39) Low-carb vs low-fat diet (31:06) Unprocessed vs. ultra-processed diets (39:04) Benefits of CGM for non-diabetic (47:10) Saturated fat and insulin resistance (52:09) What Thomas and Simon's diets look like (1:02:29) Do we need fibre? (1:10:18) Food intolerances (1:17:40) Changing lifestyle after traumatic event (1:23:17) Strategies for a healthier lifestyle (1:26:15) Calorie Counting and Intermittent Fasting (1:28:26) Thomas DeLauer on Vegan diet (1:35:46) Choosing different diets and finding common ground (1:37:40) Roy Taylor's research on Losing Weight (1:43:47) How Sleep Deprivation affects your diet (1:51:01) Outro (1:56:14) For more insights like the ones shared in this episode, head to Thomas’ YouTube channel or check out his book, Intermittent Fasting Made Easy. You can also connect with him on Instagram and his website, https://thomasdelauer.com/. Enjoy, friends. Simon Want to support the show? The best way to support the show is to use the products and services offered by our sponsors. To check them out, and enjoy great savings, visit theproof.com/friends. You can also show your support by leaving a review on the Apple Podcast app and/or sharing your favourite episodes with your friends and family. Simon Hill, MSc, BSc (Hons) Creator of theproof.com and host of The Proof with Simon Hill Author of The Proof is in the Plants Watch the episodes on YouTube or listen on Apple/Spotify Connect with me on Instagram, Twitter, and Facebook Nourish your gut with my Plant-Based Ferments Guide Download my complimentary Two-Week Meal Plan and high protein Plant Performance recipe book

Episode #264. Every day for more than 20 years, Adam Sud woke up to a life that didn’t feel like a safe, secure, or hopeful place to be. Struggling with mental health from an early age and relying on addiction as the only dependable “solution”, he spent years facing each day as the most painful one he’d ever had. More than a decade on from the turning point in his journey towards recovery, Adam shares his story and some defining realisations that helped shaped the life he is now excited to experience. Everyone has something to learn from Adam’s story. Regardless of whether you have personally struggled with addiction and mental health, Adam’s profound understanding of behaviour and mindset will resonate with you, and potentially even shift the way you look at your life. Specifically, we discuss: Intro (00:00) Adam Sud on recovery (04:15) Why expressing love can be difficult (08:55) Substance use disorder (Drug addiction) (14:37) Adam's story (16:46) Nurturing a child with ADHD (24:42) Becoming hooked on Adderall (32:41) Understanding our choices for pleasure (36:09) Addiction and the fear of judgment (41:00) Adam's suicide attempt & his treatment and recovery (46:00) Plant-based diet and the pleasure trap (1:02:21) Psychological factors behind unhealthy choices (1:09:25) Remarkable recovery through nutrition (1:18:29) Self-worth, loneliness, and recovery (1:25:40) A call for a safer and compassionate approach to drug use (1:31:56) The INFINITE study (1:41:03) Adam on hitting rock bottom (1:46:24) Outro (1:53:46) To connect with Adam Sud, you can find him on Instagram, Facebook, and LinkedIn. Don’t forget to visit his website, https://www.adamsud.com/, to learn more about Adam and read about The Infinite Study. Listen to Adam’s past appearances on The Proof in Episode #66 and Episode #144. Please note that this episode covers disordered eating and suicide. If these topics are potential triggers for you, please listen with discretion or tune in to the next episode. You can find more episodes about mental health that focus less on personal experience here. Enjoy, friends. Simon Want to support the show? The best way to support the show is to use the products and services offered by our sponsors. To check them out, and enjoy great savings, visit theproof.com/friends. You can also show your support by leaving a review on the Apple Podcast app and/or sharing your favourite episodes with your friends and family. Simon Hill, MSc, BSc (Hons) Creator of theproof.com and host of The Proof with Simon Hill Author of The Proof is in the Plants Watch the episodes on YouTube or listen on Apple/Spotify Connect with me on Instagram, Twitter, and Facebook Nourish your gut with my Plant-Based Ferments Guide Download my complimentary Two-Week Meal Plan and high-protein Plant Performance recipe book

Episode #263. Delve into the complex world of neurodegenerative diseases in this evidence-loaded episode with Drs Dean and Ayesha Sherzai. Unpack the current scientific understanding of diseases like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's, bust popular food myths related to brain health, and discover actionable lifestyle tips for long-term brain health. Join us on this evidence-based journey that blends science with practical, real-life advice. Specifically, we discuss: Intro (00:00) Drs. Ayesha and Dean play True or False (04:11) Is amyloid plaque the primary cause of Alzheimer's? (05:47) Whole grains, gluten, and brain health (07:11) Artificial intelligence for Alzheimer's disease (14:11) Drs. Ayesha and Dean on Melbourne (17:11) Is olive oil good for brain health? (20:13) What's the beef with red meat? (24:32) Keeping the brain healthy with omega 3 fatty acids (35:25) APOE4 and omega 3 supplementation (48:27) Cognitive changes in midlife (54:47) Reaction to Dr. Michael Klapper's U-turn on omega 3 supplementation (59:10) Facts on choline (1:02:15) Understanding neurodegenerative diseases (1:07:34) Inheriting frontotemporal dementia: what are your chances? (1:17:40) Lifestyle vs. genetics: debunking myths about dementia risk (1:20:21) Healthy habits for a healthy brain (1:27:56) Close relationships & cognitive resilience prevent dementia (1:36:36) Understanding amyloid plaques and Alzheimer's progression (1:49:50) Amyloid hypothesis under scrutiny (1:59:28) Biomarkers and cutting-edge techniques for Alzheimer's detection (2:06:08) How to prevent cognitive decline (2:20:49) Homocysteine, CRISPR, and the future of personalized medicine (2:23:20) Huntington's disease and Parkinson's disease (2:29:12) Depression and anxiety (2:44:36) Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) & Guillain-Barré (2:50:00) Unpacking Multiple Sclerosis (MS) (2:55:146) Outro (3:05:30) To connect with Drs Ayesha and Dean Sherzai, you can find them on Instagram, Facebook, Twitter, and TikTok. You can also visit their website, https://thebraindocs.com/, to discover brain health resources and subscribe to their newsletter, a weekly collection of the best evidence on brain health. Make sure to check out their podcast, The Brain Health Revolution, for more audio deep dives. If you haven’t already, make sure to listen to Drs Dean and Ayesha Sherzai’s past episodes on The Proof, where we delve into a variety of brain health topics. Find the full catalogue here. Make sure to also check out the full show notes for supporting studies and more insights. Enjoy, friends. Simon Want to support the show? The best way to support the show is to use the products and services offered by our sponsors. To check them out, and enjoy great savings, visit theproof.com/friends. You can also show your support by leaving a review on the Apple Podcast app and/or sharing your favourite episodes with your friends and family. Simon Hill, MSc, BSc (Hons) Creator of theproof.com and host of The Proof with Simon Hill Author of The Proof is in the Plants Watch the episodes on YouTube or listen on Apple/Spotify Connect with me on Instagram, Twitter, and Facebook Nourish your gut with my Plant-Based Ferments Guide Download my complimentary Two-Week Meal Plan and high protein Plant Performance recipe book

Episode #262. Discover the science of getting older without getting old in this conversation with Dr Andrew Steele. From understanding what impacts your lifespan to revealing potential future scientific breakthroughs, this episode is an intriguing journey into the world of aging science. Specifically, we discuss: Intro (00:00) Dr. Andrew Steele on aging (01:38) Age-related diseases and lifespan extension (10:47) Genetic factors, lifestyle, and gene editing for longevity (19:18) Could gene editing help solve poor cholesterol? (27:52) Rapamycin vs metformin for longevity (34:21) The need for expert consensus on anti-aging interventions (39:47) Insights on Bryan Johnson's Project Blueprint (47:50) What are senolytic drugs? (51:24) Yamanaka factors: is aging reversible at a cellular level? (1:05:18) The rationale behind reversing aging and the future of interventions (1:17:42) Lifestyle changes that slow the clock (1:25:40) Calorie restriction and longevity (1:32:41) Air quality, smoking, and vaping (1:44:54) Stress, aging, and telomeres (1:51:18) Are there biological reasons why women tend to live longer? (1:59:05) Unpacking the buzz around HRT for men (2:04:14) Environmental impact of extending human lifespan (2:07:23) Outro (2:14:10) Connect with Dr Andrew Steele on Twitter, Instagram, and Mastodon. Make sure to also head to his YouTube channel, where you’ll find videos on the ethics of prolonging lifespan and whether you can become biologically younger. Discover his book, “Ageless: The new science of getting older without getting old”, at https://andrewsteele.co.uk/ageless/, and read the free chapter on ethics here. Enjoy, friends. Simon Want to support the show? The best way to support the show is to use the products and services offered by our sponsors. To check them out, and enjoy great savings, visit theproof.com/friends. You can also show your support by leaving a review on the Apple Podcast app and/or sharing your favourite episodes with your friends and family. Simon Hill, MSc, BSc (Hons) Creator of theproof.com and host of The Proof with Simon Hill Author of The Proof is in the Plants Watch the episodes on YouTube or listen on Apple/Spotify Connect with me on Instagram, Twitter, and Facebook Nourish your gut with my Plant-Based Ferments Guide Download my complimentary Two-Week Meal Plan and high protein Plant Performance recipe book

Episode #261. When it comes to cancer and nutrition, sorting fact from fiction is critical. Join me as I sit down with Dr Krystle Zuniga, an expert in this field, to debunk harmful myths, clarify the role of nutrition during cancer treatment, and empower listeners with reliable, science-based knowledge. Tune in to understand how to navigate dietary choices amidst a cancer diagnosis and to learn how to best support those on their cancer journey. Don't miss this essential conversation – it's time to let go of misinformation and understand the true power and limitations of nutrition. Specifically, we discuss: Intro (00:00) Dr. Krystle Zuniga on cancer and nutritional sciences (01:33) Social media and cancer misinformation (04:35) Can food act as medicine? (07:56) The impact of anecdotes on cancer treatment choices (12:57) Survival rates and shifting trends (16:31) Nutrition priorities during cancer treatment (17:38) Cancer treatment and appetite (20:35) Protein recommendations (22:12) Weight loss and muscle preservation (28:12) Cancer-fighting superfoods (32:55) Detoxing and cleansing trends (36:21) Gut microbiome's role in cancer treatment (38:17) What is immunotherapy? (42:07) The plant-forward diet (44:52) Organic vs conventional produce (48:04) EWG's Dirty Dozen and Clean 15 (50:49) Drinks to limit during cancer treatment (55:12) Sugar and starving cancer cells (56:41) Is fasting safe for people with cancer? (1:00:14) Advice for estrogen-dependent cancer (1:03:32) Are there supplements beneficial during cancer treatment? (1:05:27) TIPS: How to eat when you have cancer (1:13:59) How to support someone with cancer (1:17:04)\ Good resources for cancer patients (1:20:48) Health benefits of pomegranate (1:23:21) Outro (1:24:58) To connect with Dr Krystle Zuniga, you can find her on Instagram. Head to her website, https://cancernutritionhq.com, to discover more resources from Dr Zuniga. Enjoy, friends. Simon Want to support the show? The best way to support the show is to use the products and services offered by our sponsors. To check them out, and enjoy great savings, visit theproof.com/friends. You can also show your support by leaving a review on the Apple Podcast app and/or sharing your favourite episodes with your friends and family. Simon Hill, MSc, BSc (Hons) Creator of theproof.com and host of The Proof with Simon Hill Author of The Proof is in the Plants Watch the episodes on YouTube or listen on Apple/Spotify Connect with me on Instagram, Twitter, and Facebook Nourish your gut with my Plant-Based Ferments Guide Download my complimentary Two-Week Meal Plan and high protein Plant Performance recipe book

Episode #260. Are you struggling to maintain a healthy weight and navigate the confusing world of diets and weight loss solutions? In this episode, join me as I dive into the science behind eating behaviours, obesity, and the challenges of losing weight with renowned researcher Dr Stephan Guyenet. Discover the different types of eating, the importance of controlling our food environment, and various evidence-based strategies for weight loss. With practical advice and insights from Dr Guyenet, you'll gain a better understanding of the complexities of weight management and how to make informed choices for your health. Don't miss this eye-opening conversation about the widespread issue of obesity and our brain's role in eating behaviours. Specifically, we discuss: Intro (00:00) From neurodegenerative disease to obesity neuroscience (01:36) The holiday weight gain (10:38) The problem with excess fat (14:37) 'Personal fat threshold' and diabetes (26:06) Main drivers of type 2 diabetes (31:26) The role of the hypothalamus in weight gain (38:55) Homeostatic vs. non-homeostatic eating (47:29) Genetics and the obesity epidemic (56:50) Models of obesity: carbohydrate -insulin vs. energy balance (1:00:21) The brain and obesity (1:10:34) The protein-leverage hypothesis (1:19:39) Carbohydrates, fat, and the Mediterranean diet (1:24:08) The weight loss puzzle: low carb vs. low fat diet (1:30:10) Foods that promote satiety on fewer calories (1:38:25) GLP-1 agonists (1:43:08) Is weight loss largely dependent on exercise? (1:55:06) Physical activity vs sedentary lifestyle (1:58:40) Mental health and sleep (2:00:28) Expert advice on how to stop overeating (2:05:11) Outro (2:05:59) To connect with Dr Stephan Guyenet, you can find him on Twitter or visit his website, https://www.stephanguyenet.com/. You can also purchase Dr Guyenet’s widely acclaimed book, The Hungry Brain, to learn more about why we overeat and how to overcome this issue. Make sure to also check out Red Pen Reviews, where you can access free expert reviews on nutrition books. Discover more insights and supporting resources in the full show notes. Enjoy, friends. Simon Want to support the show? The best way to support the show is to use the products and services offered by our sponsors. To check them out, and enjoy great savings, visit theproof.com/friends. You can also show your support by leaving a review on the Apple Podcast app and/or sharing your favourite episodes with your friends and family. Simon Hill, MSc, BSc (Hons) Creator of theproof.com and host of The Proof with Simon Hill Author of The Proof is in the Plants Watch the episodes on YouTube or listen on Apple/Spotify Connect with me on Instagram, Twitter, and Facebook Nourish your gut with my Plant-Based Ferments Guide Download my complimentary two-week meal plan and high protein Plant Performance recipe book

Episode #259. Have you ever put much thought into your hydration? If you think that drinking two litres of plain water a day meets your hydration needs, then this conversation is for you. In this episode, I’m joined by Dr Stacy Sims to explore the science behind optimal hydration and its impact on performance. You’ll learn how to determine proper hydration, the role of electrolytes and glucose, and which commonly held beliefs about hydration are myths. Dr Sims shares her research findings and provides practical tips to improve your hydration for better performance and overall well-being. Specifically, we discuss: Intro (00:00) Dr. Stacy Sims on hydration (1:25) Nuances of hydration (3:35) Electrolytes (7:02) The problem with plain water (12:02) How much sodium do you need in a hot or cold environment? (15:00) Sodium and fluid intake during exercise (16:31) Dehydration and its effects on performance (20:07) Importance of slow and steady hydration (22:22) Distilled water and hydration (23:38) Is adding salt healthy? (24:59) How to tell if you're dehydrated (25:52) How much water should you drink a day? (27:47) Coconut water for hydration? (28:22) Why do electrolyte supplements have potassium, magnesium, and sodium? (30:25) Carbohydrates and hydration (31:49) Carbohydrate intake during endurance performance (36:52) Hydration on low carb diets (38:36) Fluid balance requirement for men and women (40:44) The urine specific gravity test (44:53) Sauna for men and women (46:51) Are coffee and tea dehydrating? (48:00) More hydration myths (50:03) Hydration before an endurance event (51:00) Creatine (52:08) Frequent urination at night (54:30) Dehydration among athletes (56:40) Outro (58:45) To connect with Dr Stacy Sims, you can find her on Instagram and Facebook. Visit her website, https://www.drstacysims.com, to learn more about Dr Sims and find resources to improve your performance. Enjoy, friends. Simon Want to support the show? The best way to support the show is to use the products and services offered by our sponsors. To check them out, and enjoy great savings, visit theproof.com/friends. You can also show your support by leaving a review on the Apple Podcast app and/or sharing your favourite episodes with your friends and family. Simon Hill, MSc, BSc (Hons) Creator of theproof.com and host of The Proof with Simon Hill Author of The Proof is in the Plants Watch the episodes on YouTube or listen on Apple/Spotify Connect with me on Instagram, Twitter, and Facebook Nourish your gut with my Plant-Based Ferments Guide Download my complimentary two-week meal plan and high protein Plant Performance recipe book

Episode #258. Join me as I sit down with renowned soy expert Dr Mark Messina to clear up misconceptions and address concerns about soy consumption. We dive deep into isoflavones, how much soy you can safely consume, and soy’s safety in relation to male feminisation, breast cancer, and thyroid function. If you’ve been hesitant about incorporating soy into your diet, this episode is packed with essential information you need to make an informed choice. Specifically, we discuss: Intro (00:00) Soy throughout history (01:45) Dr. Mark Messina and the Soy Nutrition Institute (6:12) Industry affiliation in research (8:04) Debate surrounding soy and breast cancer (18:04) Isoflavones and estrogen (24:04) Isoflavones, breast tissue and cholesterol (32:12) Oversimplification of health information about the soy (40:39) Fermented soy and equol (48:11) How much isoflavones are in your soy foods? (53:16) Safe upper limit of soy isoflavones intake per day (58:50) Are blood tests necessary for high protein eaters? (1:01:37) Soy formula and soy allergy (1:03:50) Soy and thyroid Health (1:11:15) Does soy affect menstrual cycle length? (1:16:12) Soy consumption and migraines (1:22:54) Isoflavonoid supplements (1:27:10) Soy farming and the environment (1:29:10) Outro (1:33:12) To stay up to date with Dr Mark Messina’s work, head to https://sniglobal.org/. Here you’ll find extensive research on the health and safety of soy, as well as regular articles written by Dr Messina. You can also read some of Dr Messina’s recent, relevant articles in the full show notes. Enjoy, friends. Simon Want to support the show? The best way to support the show is to use the products and services offered by our sponsors. To check them out, and enjoy great savings, visit theproof.com/friends. You can also show your support by leaving a review on the Apple Podcast app and/or sharing your favourite episodes with your friends and family. Simon Hill, MSc, BSc (Hons) Creator of theproof.com and host of The Proof with Simon Hill Author of The Proof is in the Plants Watch the episodes on YouTube or listen on Apple/Spotify Connect with me on Instagram, Twitter, and Facebook Nourish your gut with my Plant-Based Ferments Guide Download my complimentary two-week meal plan and high protein Plant Performance recipe book

Episode #257. Uncover the powerful strategies to transform your gym experience and unpack the blood lipids series in this captivating conversation with Drew Harrisberg. You’ll learn more about CGMs for people without diabetes, menopause and osteoporosis, our thoughts on stretching, and much more. Specifically, we discuss: Do CGMs have potential beyond diabetes management? (4:14) Blended fruit vs whole fruit for glycemic response (14:35) Effects of long-term stretching (24:02) Bone mineral density and menopause (33:40) Review on different modality exercises for bone density (38:18) Drew's new fitness program (59:22) Takeaways from the lipid series with Dr. Thomas Dayspring (1:06:54) The Proof's very first immersive experience (1:26:11) When good deeds happen (1:39:05) Outro (1:49:30) To connect with Drew, you can reach him via his Instagram or website, Drew’s Daily Dose. Drew will also be co-facilitating our upcoming immersive experience, which you can learn about here. Make sure to catch his 11 previous episodes on the show, available on *The Proof* website, and check out the e-book for his new exercise program which will be released soon. Enjoy, friends. Simon Want to support the show? The best way to support the show is to use the products and services offered by our sponsors. To check them out, and enjoy great savings, visit theproof.com/friends. You can also show your support by leaving a review on the Apple Podcast app and/or sharing your favourite episodes with your friends and family. Simon Hill, MSc, BSc (Hons) Creator of theproof.com and host of The Proof with Simon Hill Author of The Proof is in the Plants Watch the episodes on YouTube or listen on Apple/Spotify Connect with me on Instagram, Twitter, and Facebook Nourish your gut with my Plant-Based Ferments Guide Download my complimentary two-week meal plan and high protein Plant Performance recipe book

Episode #256. Professor Susan Davis, AO returns to answer your questions on menopause. We cover The Proof community’s most common questions, looking towards mental health and menopause, how other conditions such as PCOS impact menopause, common issues including weight gain, different drug treatment options, and much more. Specifically, we discuss: Intro (00:00) Feedback from the Proof community (02:13) Concerns about misleading health information about menopause (05:57) Oral contraception and fertility (11:23) Summary of Part 1: Navigating Menopause: Expert Insights and Solutions (14:26) Hormone therapy (HRT) for women over 50 and 60 (20:31) HRT and cognitive function (24:11) Primary Ovarian Insufficiency (POI) and early menopause (32:10) Amenorrhea, exercise, chronic stress and menstrual health (41:34) Health risks of early menopause (46:14) Muscle and bone health (51:21) Treatments for women with breast cancer and vasomotor symptoms (52:35) Exercises that benefit bone health (1:10:33) Could shorter menstrual cycles indicate earlier menopause and worse symptoms?(1:12:33) Night sweats and hot flashes (1:13:37) Thyroid and menopause (1:19:19) Adrenal fatigue and menopause (1:20:18) Factors affecting women's mental health in menopause (1:21:53) Menopause and weight gain (1:27:01) Hormones, painful sex, hair loss, and adult acne (1:38:05) Bioidentical hormones and compounded hormones (1:40:30) Dietary patterns and menopausal symptoms (1:45:29) Endocrine disruptors in everyday life (1:48:13) Outro (1:49:24) Make sure to listen to Episode #245 with Professor Davis for the first part of the menopause masterclass series. To stay up to date with Professor Susan Davis’ research, you can head to the Monash University Women’s Health Research Program. There you’ll find new papers, research trials, and more. You can also connect on the Monash University Instagram and Facebook pages, ad Professor Davis’ Twitter. Make sure to check out the additional resources on menopause below. Enjoy, friends. Simon Want to support the show? The best way to support the show is to use the products and services offered by our sponsors. To check them out, and enjoy great savings, visit theproof.com/friends. You can also show your support by leaving a review on the Apple Podcast app and/or sharing your favourite episodes with your friends and family. Simon Hill, MSc, BSc (Hons) Creator of theproof.com and host of The Proof with Simon Hill Author of The Proof is in the Plants Watch the episodes on YouTube or listen on Apple/Spotify Connect with me on Instagram, Twitter, and Facebook Nourish your gut with my Plant-Based Ferments Guide Download my complimentary two-week meal plan and high-protein Plant Performance recipe book

Episode #255. Have you ever wondered about the power of psychedelics in treating mental health conditions? Join me as I sit down with Professor Susan Rossell to examine what the research says on psilocybin and MDMA and whether these revolutionary interventions can assist in the treatment of depression, eating disorders, PTSD, and more. Specifically, we discuss: Intro (00:00) Dr. Susan Rossell on mental health research (02:40) The history of psychedelics (11:53) Concerns over the safety of psilocybin and MDMA (18:31) Feasibility concerns for the rollout of psilocybin and MDMA (21:54) Effects of psilocybin (35:52) Psilocybin, SSRIs, and psychotherapy (44:35) Microdosing psilocybin (56:12) Ketamine vs psilocybin (58:00) MDMA for PTSD and recreational use (1:02:03) Future of psilocybin and MDMA and their decriminalization (1:11:00) Mental health advice (1:21:43) Outro (1:25:23) To learn more about Professor Susan Rossell, you can do so on her Swinburne University profile. Connect with Professor Rossell on Twitter, LinkedIn, or via email. Enjoy, friends. Simon Want to support the show? The best way to support the show is to use the products and services offered by our sponsors. To check them out, and enjoy great savings, visit theproof.com/friends. You can also show your support by leaving a review on the Apple Podcast app and/or sharing your favourite episodes with your friends and family. Simon Hill, MSc, BSc (Hons) Creator of theproof.com and host of The Proof with Simon Hill Author of The Proof is in the Plants Watch the episodes on YouTube or listen on Apple/Spotify Connect with me on Instagram, Twitter, and Facebook Nourish your gut with my Plant-Based Ferments Guide Download my complimentary two-week meal plan and high protein Plant Performance recipe book

Episode #254. How does a plant-based diet weigh up against a ketogenic diet when it comes to cancer treatment and prevention? Discover the answer to this question and more in The Proof’s first episode dedicated to understanding cancer. In this episode, I sit down with Dr Urvi Shah and Dr Neil Iyengar to examine how cancer develops and the lifestyle measures that can be taken to reduce the risk of cancer, treat cancer, and prevent cancer recurrence. Specifically, we discuss: Intro (00:00) Cancer and precancerous cells (06:51) Genetics and cancer risk (20:58) Obesity and cancer risk (24:30) Modifiable factors and reducing recurrence risk (36:44) The role of nutrition in cancer treatment (47:34) Plant-based diet vs ketogenic diet (51:50) Dr. Neil investigates the effects of plant-based diets and exercise on breast cancer (1:13:12) Soy, dairy, protein, and cancer risk (1:17:04) Unprocessed red meat and colorectal cancer (1:30:52) Organic foods vs conventional produce (1:37:10) Ultra-processed food and cancer risk (1:40:52) Alcohol intake and exercise recommendation (1:43:11) Strong predictors of breast cancer (1:49:33) Stress and sleep (1:51:56) Importance of screening (1:52:46) Outro (2:01:54) You can connect with Dr Neil Iyengar on Twitter, and learn more about him here. Connect with Dr Urvi Shah on Instagram, Twitter, and LinkedIn, and learn more about her here. Enjoy, friends. Simon Want to support the show? The best way to support the show is to use the products and services offered by our sponsors. To check them out, and enjoy great savings, visit theproof.com/friends. You can also show your support by leaving a review on the Apple Podcast app and/or sharing your favourite episodes with your friends and family. Simon Hill, MSc, BSc (Hons) Creator of theproof.com and host of The Proof with Simon Hill Author of The Proof is in the Plants Watch the episodes on YouTube or listen on Apple/Spotify Connect with me on Instagram, Twitter, and Facebook Nourish your gut with my Plant-Based Ferments Guide Download my complimentary two-week meal plan and high protein Plant Performance recipe book

Episode #253. In Part Three of the blood lipids series, we take a deep dive into interventions to lower the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). While nutrition is the most powerful lifestyle tool we have to dramatically decrease ApoB, there certainly remains a need for pharmacological interventions – and in this episode, Dr Thomas Dayspring and I walk through four main drug classes, discussing their mechanism of action, effectiveness, and safety profile. We discuss: Intro (00:00) Evolution of cardiovascular disease treatments (03:42) Are we becoming a drug-dependent society? (07:30) Bile acid sequestrants, statins, and more (13:54) Cholesterol-lowering drugs and cognition (35:12) Is Bempedoic acid a good statin alternative? (47:39) Ezetimibe and nuances you should know (55:46) PCSK9 inhibitors (1:03:32) Do statins increase the risk of diabetes? (1:14:58) Gene therapy targeting PCSK9 (1:19:20) Pelacarsen for lowering Lp(a) (1:23:48) Can we take drugs that raise HDL to lower cardiovascular disease risk? (1:26:38) HDL and atherosclerosis (1:34:59) Elevated triglycerides and atherosclerosis (1:46:48) Takeaways (2:05:12) Outro (2:08:31) The best place to connect with Dr Thomas Dayspring is on Twitter, @DrLipid. Learn more about Dr Dayspring’s career and current work on LinkedIn. Head to The Proof website for the full show notes, including supporting studies and my key takeaways. To assist with the digestibility of this content, Dr Dayspring, my team, and I have included extensive illustrations and graphs in the video format of these episodes. If you are visually inclined, you can watch these episodes on The Proof YouTube channel. Even if you prefer listening through audio the first time, I highly recommend coming back for a second pass with the video versions. These episodes are investments into a healthier future. Get your copy of the Lipid Series Cheat Sheet at theproof.com/lipidseries. This comprehensive resource provides valuable insights on assessing your risk, preventing, and treating atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), the leading cause of death worldwide. The PDF not only highlights key learnings from the 3-Part Lipid Series but also includes a 1-week meal plan designed to promote healthy cholesterol levels. Enjoy, friends. Simon Want to support the show? The best way to support the show is to use the products and services offered by our sponsors. To check them out, and enjoy great savings, visit theproof.com/friends. You can also show your support by leaving a review on the Apple Podcast app and/or sharing your favourite episodes with your friends and family. Simon Hill, MSc, BSc (Hons) Creator of theproof.com and host of The Proof with Simon Hill Author of The Proof is in the Plants Watch the episodes on YouTube or listen on Apple/Spotify Connect with me on Instagram, Twitter, and Facebook Nourish your gut with my Plant-Based Ferments Guide Download my complimentary two-week meal plan and high-protein Plant Performance recipe book

Episode #252. In Part One of the blood lipids series, you learned what lipids are and how they work. In Part Two, Dr Thomas Dayspring returns to talk about the individualised testing you can get to understand where your lipids are now. Discover the tests you need, the ones you don’t, and when to start testing to protect yourself against atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. We discuss: Intro (00:00) What is Lp(a), and why do you need it checked? (02:05) Does diet influence Lp(a)? (20:36) The oxidized phospholipid test (29:00) Early intervention and atherosclerosis screening for children (31:24) The tests are helpful in predicting cardiovascular disease risk (40:27) Discordance between ApoB and LDL-cholesterol (52:35) Normal range of ApoB levels for a healthy young person (1:03:14) Does atherosclerotic plaque ever disappear? (1:16:52) Triglyceride: HDL ratio vs ApoB test (1:22:15) Screening women in their 30s (1:29:31) Screening women in their 70s (1:37:23) What causes elevated ApoB (1:39:25) Do phytosterols help manage cholesterol? (1:58:55) Secondary prevention (2:07:08) The obviously misunderstood case of ApoB (2:20:45) Outro (2:22:35) Next week, we’ll discuss in detail the interventions you can make to optimise your lipids. Make sure to stay connected via my social links below so you don’t miss Part Three. The best place to connect with Dr Thomas Dayspring is on Twitter, @DrLipid. Learn more about Dr Dayspring’s career and current work on LinkedIn. Discover more insights and supporting studies in the full show notes. To assist with the digestibility of this content my team and I, along with Dr Dayspring, have added a bunch of illustrations and graphs to the video format of these episodes. So if you are visually inclined you can watch these episodes on our YouTube channel. Even if you prefer listening to the first time through audio, I highly recommend coming back for a second pass with the video versions.  Get your copy of the Lipid Series Cheat Sheet at theproof.com/lipidseries. This comprehensive resource provides valuable insights on assessing your risk, preventing, and treating atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), the leading cause of death worldwide. The PDF not only highlights key learnings from the 3-Part Lipid Series but also includes a 1-week meal plan designed to promote healthy cholesterol levels. Enjoy, friends. Simon Want to support the show? The best way to support the show is to use the products and services offered by our sponsors. To check them out, and enjoy great savings, visit theproof.com/friends. You can also show your support by leaving a review on the Apple Podcast app and/or sharing your favourite episodes with your friends and family. Simon Hill, MSc, BSc (Hons) Creator of theproof.com and host of The Proof with Simon Hill Author of The Proof is in the Plants Watch the episodes on YouTube or listen on Apple/Spotify Connect with me on Instagram, Twitter, and Facebook Nourish your gut with my Plant-Based Ferments Guide Download my complimentary two-week meal plan and high-protein Plant Performance recipe book

Episode #251. Cardiovascular disease is one of the biggest killers in the Western world, and it’s vital that we understand cardiovascular health in order to improve lifespan and healthspan. In this episode, I sit down with Dr Thomas Dayspring for Part One of a three-part deep dive into cardiovascular disease and blood lipids. In this introductory episode, we examine how our body absorbs lipids and transports them throughout the body – and what happens when it goes wrong. Specifically, we discuss: Intro (00:00) Turning a family heartache into a mission (05:12) Atherosclerosis and the role of lipids (14:52) Lipoproteins & cholesterol transport and recycling (28:01) Cholesterol's role in lipoproteins (54:00) Is ApoB a more accurate marker of cardiovascular risk? (58:38) Endothelial transcytosis of lipoproteins (1:07:10) LDL aggregation (1:16:42) LDL particle retention and inflammation (1:23:15) Difference between veins and arteries (1:28:55) Atherosclerosis and genetics (1:30:22) High-fat diets and cholesterol (1:44:01) Fiber and cholesterol absorption (1:48:14) Outro (1:57:48) The best place to connect with Dr Thomas Dayspring is on Twitter, @DrLipid. Learn more about Dr Dayspring’s career and current work on LinkedIn. Discover more insights and supporting studies in the full show notes. To assist with the digestibility of this content, Dr Dayspring, my team, and I have included extensive illustrations and graphs to the video format of these episodes. If you are visually inclined, you can watch these episodes on The Proof YouTube channel. Even if you prefer listening through audio the first time, I highly recommend coming back for a second pass with the video versions. These episodes are investments into a healthier future. Get your copy of the Lipid Series Cheat Sheet at theproof.com/lipidseries. This comprehensive resource provides valuable insights on assessing your risk, preventing, and treating atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), the leading cause of death worldwide. The PDF not only highlights key learnings from the 3-Part Lipid Series but also includes a 1-week meal plan designed to promote healthy cholesterol levels. Enjoy, friends. Simon Want to support the show? The best way to support the show is to use the products and services offered by our sponsors. To check them out, and enjoy great savings, visit theproof.com/friends. You can also show your support by leaving a review on the Apple Podcast app and/or sharing your favourite episodes with your friends and family. Simon Hill, MSc, BSc (Hons) Creator of theproof.com and host of The Proof with Simon Hill Author of The Proof is in the Plants Watch the episodes on YouTube or listen on Apple/Spotify Connect with me on Instagram, Twitter, and Facebook Nourish your gut with my Plant-Based Ferments Guide Download my complimentary two-week meal plan and high protein Plant Performance recipe book

Episode #250. Ice baths and other forms of cold water exposure have gained a huge amount of traction in the past few years. I’m joined by expert Dr Susanna Søberg to examine what the science says – is cold water exposure safe? What does the research say about the bold health claims? Is brown fat just a buzzword? How do you safely and effectively implement hot and cold exposure into your life? Dr Søberg answers these questions and many more in this three-hour deep dive into cold water immersion. Specifically, we discuss: Intro (00:00) The tradition of winter swimming (01:52) Cold water swimming and activating brown fat (09:44) Dr. Søburg's personal experience with cold water bathing (23:13) Funding hurdles and potential benefits of cold water immersion (25:34) Cold water immersion and the body's response (33:36) Brown fat activation and more physiological responses (40:45) What is brown fat? (45:54) Is brown fat genetic? (55:28) Benefits of activating brown fat (58:32) Winter swimming, sauna, and disease: what the data says (1:01:10) Metabolism and shivering (1:13:01) Brown fat activation and muscle building (1:25:06) Who has more brown fat: Women or Men? (1:36:33) Chronic inflammation, exercise, and more benefits of deliberate cold exposure (1:46:11) Cold water immersion for beginners (2:06:18) The minimum threshold for health benefits using cold and heat (2:15:03) Clothes or no clothes? (2:22:57) Temperature regulation and gender differences (2:26:30) Safety protocols & understanding ice plunging lingo (2:34:08) Outro (2:47:18) To connect with Dr Susanna Søberg, you can find her on Instagram, Twitter, Facebook, TikTok, and LinkedIn. Head to her website, www.soeberginstitute.com, to learn more about Dr Søberg’s work – including her research and her book Winter Swimming. Friends of The Proof can also receive a 10% discount on her Thermalist course with code SIMONHILL. Discover more insights and supporting resources in the full show notes. Enjoy, friends. Simon Want to support the show? The best way to support the show is to use the products and services offered by our sponsors. To check them out, and enjoy great savings, visit theproof.com/friends. You can also show your support by leaving a review on the Apple Podcast app and/or sharing your favourite episodes with your friends and family. Simon Hill, MSc, BSc (Hons) Creator of theproof.com and host of The Proof with Simon Hill Author of The Proof is in the Plants Watch the episodes on YouTube or listen on Apple/Spotify Connect with me on Instagram, Twitter, and Facebook Nourish your gut with my Plant-Based Ferments Guide Download my complimentary two-week meal plan and high protein Plant Performance recipe book

Episode #249. Have you ever wondered how long humans can healthily live for? Professor Matt Kaeberlain joins me in this episode to explain the biological processes of aging, explaining the significance of genetics vs lifestyle, protein restriction, polyphenols, and much more. Specifically, we discuss: Intro (00:00) Aging and disease (03:42) Evolutionary conserved processes and human life span (17:41) Biological aging: Are epigenetic tests more accurate in telling how well you’re aging? (26:29) Aging process and the burden of senescence cells (34:06) Keys to a longer, healthier life (45:08) Sleep and exercise (55:38) Calorie restriction, longevity, and prolonged fasting (1:15:23) Protein restriction and its implications (1:32:14) Plant protein vs animal protein (1:43:31) Natural occurring polyphenols and supplements related to longevity (1:53:06) Rapamycin and rapamycin derivatives (2:13:53) Anti-aging compounds (2:29:38) Ethical implications of prolonging the life (2:51:08) Outro (2:57:23) To connect with Dr Matt Kaeberlein, you can find him on Twitter and LinkedIn. Head to his website, https://kaeberlein.org, to learn more about his work. If the Dog Aging Project interests you, you can visit the website or read this article in Nature. Keep up to date with Optispan here. Discover more insights and supporting resources in the full show notes. Enjoy, friends. Simon Want to support the show? The best way to support the show is to use the products and services offered by our sponsors. To check them out, and enjoy great savings, visit theproof.com/friends. You can also show your support by leaving a review on the Apple Podcast app and/or sharing your favourite episodes with your friends and family. Simon Hill, MSc, BSc (Hons) Creator of theproof.com and host of The Proof with Simon Hill Author of The Proof is in the Plants Watch the episodes on YouTube or listen on Apple/Spotify Connect with me on Instagram, Twitter, and Facebook Nourish your gut with my Plant-Based Ferments Guide Download my complimentary two-week meal plan and high protein Plant Performance recipe book

Episode #248. There is a huge research and science communication gap when it comes to nutrition and exercise for women. Stacy Sims, MSc, PhD joins me today to address this inadequacy, providing guidance on how women can optimise training and nutrition at each stage of life. Specifically, we discuss: Intro (00:00) Dr. Stacy Sims' academic journey (02:00) Female physiology (05:38) Implications of applying results of male-centric studies to women (09:12) Discerning the variances in physiological makeup between genders to customize training regimes (16:29) Physiological disparities between genders (20:53) Understanding the significance of a balanced diet and exercises tailored to accommodate the menstrual cycle (24:14) Ideal training programs tailored to the menstrual cycle of a 30-year-old woman (52:30) Exercise regimes during pregnancy (1:06:00) Achieving balance through nutrition, diet, and supplementation in your 30s (1:12:58) Female bodybuilding: androgenic compounds and hormones (1:27:55) The correlation between contraception and exercises (1:32:06) Optimizing exercise during menopause: evidence-based strategies for 60-year-old women (1:37:10) Training, nutrition, and supplementation beyond the age of 60 (1:51:44) The significance of lipids in your 30s and 60s (1:56:04) Outro (1:59:12) To connect with Stacy Sims, MSc, PhD, you can do so on Instagram or Facebook. Her website, https://www.drstacysims.com, offers a myriad of resources to guide you on your journey to maximise your body’s potential, and you’ll also be able to find her books there. Discover more insights and supporting resources in the full show notes. Enjoy, friends. Simon Want to support the show? The best way to support the show is to use the products and services offered by our sponsors. To check them out, and enjoy great savings, visit theproof.com/friends. You can also show your support by leaving a review on the Apple Podcast app and/or sharing your favourite episodes with your friends and family. Simon Hill, MSc, BSc (Hons) Creator of theproof.com and host of The Proof with Simon Hill Author of The Proof is in the Plants Watch the episodes on YouTube or listen on Apple/Spotify Connect with me on Instagram, Twitter, and Facebook Nourish your gut with my Plant-Based Ferments Guide Download my complimentary two-week meal plan and high protein Plant Performance recipe book

Episode #247. It's widely accepted that we are in a climate crisis. But what does that mean? Renowned author and journalist George Monbiot joins me in this episode to examine how our food systems are directly impacting our planet's health, and what we can do about it. What do soil and the human gut have in common? Why is food a political issue? What does radical change in the food system look like, and how do we get there? We cover these questions and more, discussing: Intro (00:00) George Monbiot on wildlife, farming, & global food systems (03:39) Plants & soil microbes: a remarkable connection (09:45) Soil bacterial diversity & the dangers of soil degradation (20:36) Profit over sustainability (26:32)  The role of citizens in shaping the food system (34:09)  Why is animal agriculture problematic? (45:38)  Are we the complacent and the silent majority? (57:35)  George Monbiot's alternative to farming animals (01:05:53)  Outro (01:10:16) You can find a comprehensive database of George Monbiot's work on his website, https://www.monbiot.com/, which encompasses his journalistic work and books. Get his book 'Regenesis' here. Connect with him on Twitter, and search "George Monbiot" on YouTube to find a wealth of videos like his short film with Greta Thunberg, this TED Talk, and this fascinating video about wolves and the balance of nature. Discover more insights and supporting resources in the full show notes. Enjoy, friends. Simon Want to support the show? The best way to support the show is to use the products and services offered by our sponsors. To check them out, and enjoy great savings, visit theproof.com/friends. You can also show your support by leaving a review on the Apple Podcast app and/or sharing your favourite episodes with your friends and family. Simon Hill, MSc, BSc (Hons) Creator of theproof.com and host of The Proof with Simon Hill Author of The Proof is in the Plants Watch the episodes on YouTube or listen on Apple/Spotify Connect with me on Instagram, Twitter, and Facebook Nourish your gut with my Plant-Based Ferments Guide Download my complimentary two-week meal plan and high protein Plant Performance recipe book

Episode #246. Have you ever considered the way our current food system was shaped? Or the way it continues to impact modern dietary guidelines? This episode is for you. In this conversation with distinguished researcher Professor Dariush Mozaffarian, we analyse the past 120 years of nutrition science and assess how this research continues to impact the modern diet. We cover: Introduction (00:00) A Journey Through Nutrition Science History (03:49) The Food Industry's Contributions to Improving Vitamin and Calorie Deficiency and What Went Wrong (16:05) The Evolution of Dietary Guidelines (26:59) Are Food Rating Systems Accurate? (37:48) Is the Role of Saturated Fat in Nutrition Neutral? (44:22) Understanding the Algorithm Behind Tufts' Food Compass (46:57) Industry Funding and Scientific Research (52:03) Validating the Food Compass Scoring System (57:04) Are Breakfast Cereals Healthier? (01:04:45) The Food Compass System: A Work in Progress (01:08:04) Exploring the Uses of the Food Compass and the Possibility of Improving Its Functionality (01:10:33) Takeaways (01:29:19) Outro (01:34:50) If you found this conversation informative, you can learn more about Dr Mozaffarian here, and read more of his work here. If you have any additional questions you would like answered in future, make sure to leave a comment on YouTube. Discover more insights and supporting resources in the full show notes. Enjoy, friends. Simon Want to support the show? The best way to support the show is to use the products and services offered by our sponsors. To check them out, and enjoy great savings, visit theproof.com/friends. You can also show your support by leaving a review on the Apple Podcast app and/or sharing your favourite episodes with your friends and family. Simon Hill, MSc, BSc (Hons) Creator of theproof.com and host of The Proof with Simon Hill Author of The Proof is in the Plants Watch the episodes on YouTube or listen on Apple/Spotify Connect with me on Instagram, Twitter, and Facebook Nourish your gut with my Plant-Based Ferments Guide Download my complimentary two-week meal plan and high protein Plant Performance recipe book

In Episode #245, I'm joined by endocrinologist and clinical researcher Professor Susan Davis, AO. In this detailed exchange – taking place over more than two hours – Professor Davis shares the best practice guidelines for managing menopause. You will learn from a world-leading expert about sex hormones, the physiological changes underpinning menopause, signs and symptoms of peri-menopause/menopause, the struggles of menopause, medical and lifestyle interventions for managing menopause (including hormone therapy), testosterone and sexual desire, the beautiful side of menopause, and plenty more. "One of the – dare I say – more sinister symptoms that women often do not relate to menopause is anxiety." Professor Susan R Davis AO*,* is Director, Monash University Women’s Health Research Program and an NHMRC Senior Research Fellow; Consultant Endocrinologist and Head, Women’s Endocrine Clinic, Alfred Hospital Melbourne; and consultant at Cabrini Medical Centre. Her research spans from basic science to clinical trials, and has been pivotal in the understanding of sex hormones in women across the lifespan in multiple non-reproductive target tissues, including the brain (cognition, mood, sexual function), cardiovascular system (lipids, vascular function, and coagulation), and other tissues (fat, muscle, joint cartilage, and bone). Specifically, we cover: Intro (00:00) Understanding Menopause: Communication and Misconceptions (06:00) Hysterectomy and its Impact on Menopause (10:48) Medical Consultation during Menopause: Is it necessary? (15:48) In-Depth Discussion on Menopause Symptoms and Phases (18:03) Menopause as a Part of the Aging Process (28:28) Hormones and Reproduction during Menopause (30:47) Women's Experiences and Body Changes during Menopause (33:10) Estrogen and Sex Hormones during Menopause (48:20) A Proactive Approach to Menopause: Starting Early for Symptom Management (49:10) Guidelines for Managing Menopause (1:04:31) Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) (1:13:28) HRT and Breast Cancer Risk (1:24:30) HRT Medications: Guidelines and Recommendations (1:26:50) The Trustworthiness of Big Pharmaceutical Corporations (1:45:35) Breast Cancer and Menopause Medications (1:55:12) The Funding of Menopause Research (1:58:00) Testosterone Therapy in Menopausal Hormone Treatment (2:00:10) Empowering Menopausal Women: Their Continued Contributions to Society (2:18:55) Outro (2:19:40) To connect with Professor Davis, you can find her on Twitter @SRDwomenshealth. Read her published work here, and make sure to check out the resources below for more useful information on this topic. Discover more insights and supporting studies in the full show notes. Enjoy, friends. Simon Want to support the show? The best way to support the show is to use the products and services offered by our sponsors. To check them out, and enjoy great savings, visit theproof.com/friends. You can also show your support by leaving a review on the Apple Podcast app and/or sharing your favourite episodes with your friends and family. Simon Hill, MSc, BSc (Hons) Creator of theproof.com and host of The Proof with Simon Hill Author of The Proof is in the Plants Watch the episodes on YouTube or listen on Apple/Spotify Connect with me on Instagram, Twitter, and Facebook Nourish your gut with my Plant-Based Ferments Guide Download my complimentary two-week meal plan and high protein Plant Performance recipe book

In Episode #244, cardiologist Dr Mohammed Alo joins me to talk about cardiovascular disease myths, many of which he has been brilliantly covering on Tik Tok over the past year. Is it perfectly ok to eat a lot of saturated fat and red meat if your triglycerides and HDL are normal? Does a coronary artery scan of zero mean we won’t have a heart attack? What’s better - a coronary artery scan or a CT angiogram for measuring plaque in our coronary arteries. Are statins beneficial? Is too low cholesterol a problem? Does this affect brain health and hormone production? Eggs, fish and fish oil, cooking oils - the list goes on. Specifically, we discuss: Intro (00:00) Fighting Misinformation on Cardiovascular Disease and Nutrition (03:49) TikTok and Cardiology: Reaching Diverse Audiences and Navigating Challenges (18:30) The Risks of the Carnivore Diet and False Claims on LDL Cholesterol (26:50) Atherosclerosis, Familial Hypercholesterolemia, and Treatment Options (36:30) The Importance of Non-HDL Cholesterol as a Predictor of CVD (43:41) Optimizing LDL Cholesterol Levels and Avoiding Unnecessary Medications (49:39) Assessing Cardiovascular Risk in Prediabetes (55:21) Cardiac Imaging and Detecting Heart Attack and Stroke Risk (57:24) Artery Calcification in Endurance Athletes: Understanding Imaging Tests (1:08:48) Debunking Myths on Coconut Oil and Fish Oil (1:20:02) Oils of choice and Dr. Alo's stand on canola oil (1:30:00) Eggs and Cholesterol: How much is too much? (1:32:40) Can Unprocessed Red Meat Raise Your Risk of Cardiovascular Disease? (1:36:39) Grass-Fed vs. Grain-Fed Beef: Examining the Debate (1:46:39) Salt, Salt Substitutes, and Hypertension (1:57:25) Outro (2:00:04) We covered a lot. To explore more of Dr Mohammed Alo’s work, check out his website or connect with him on YouTube and TikTok. Discover more insights and supporting studies in the full show notes. The best way to support the show is to use the products and services offered by our sponsors. To check them out, and enjoy great savings, visit theproof.com/friends. Enjoy, friends. Simon Want to support the show? The best way to support the show is to use the products and services offered by our sponsors. To check them out, and enjoy great savings, visit theproof.com/friends. You can also show your support by leaving a review on the Apple Podcast app and/or sharing your favourite episodes with your friends and family. Simon Hill, MSc, BSc (Hons) Creator of theproof.com and host of The Proof with Simon Hill Author of The Proof is in the Plants Watch the episodes on YouTube or listen on Apple/Spotify Connect with me on Instagram, Twitter, and Facebook Nourish your gut with my Plant-Based Ferments Guide Download my complimentary two-week meal plan and high protein Plant Performance recipe book

Episode #243. It’s time to face the facts on saturated fat. Dr Gil Carvalho returns to examine a bold new study on this controversial topic, breaking down whether you need to reconsider your food choices in the wake of this study’s release. We discuss: Intro (00:00) Saturated fat misunderstandings: Is saturated fat bad? (17:20) Principle 1: Dose matters? — How much saturated fat is too much? (22:07) Is no saturated fat the goal? (30:12) Principle 2: Replacement nutrient matters (31:54) Principle 3: Source matters (45:53) Mechanisms: Saturated fat and heart disease (50:48) Saturated fats and genetics (55:47) Target ApoB level (59:40) Importance of lifetime exposure (1:03:02) Statins and heart disease risk: Are statins bad for you? (1:08:53) Mendelian randomization studies (1:10:52) The totality of evidence (1:15:59) Saturated fats and total mortality (1:17:46) Saturated fat and liver health (1:19:51) Gaps in the research (1:20:43) Common arguments against lowering saturated fat (1:23:52) Outro (1:38:36) To explore more of Dr Gil Carvalho’s work, you can find him on YouTube. You can also connect with him on Twitter and Facebook, and listen to our previous conversation in Episode #207. Discover more insights and supporting studies in the full show notes. Enjoy, friends. Simon Want to support the show? The best way to support the show is to use the products and services offered by our sponsors. To check them out, and enjoy great savings, visit theproof.com/friends. You can also show your support by leaving a review on the Apple Podcast app and/or sharing your favourite episodes with your friends and family. Simon Hill, MSc, BSc (Hons) Creator of theproof.com and host of The Proof with Simon Hill Author of The Proof is in the Plants Watch the episodes on YouTube or listen on Apple/Spotify Connect with me on Instagram, Twitter, and Facebook Nourish your gut with my Plant-Based Ferments Guide Download my complimentary two-week meal plan and high protein Plant Performance recipe book