Today, we're diving into the history of blueberries and huckleberries, from their ancient roles in indigenous cultures to their rise in modern agriculture. Explore the fascinating evolution of the canning industry, spotlighting how the Ball Brothers Corporation and a pivotal court case in 1870 revolutionized food preservation and blueberry production. Discover the intriguing story of the huckleberry industry's boom and bust during the early 20th century, shaped by economic forces and wartime priorities, while reflecting on the contrasting sustainable practices of indigenous communities. Join us as we celebrate the groundbreaking work of Dr. Frederick Coville and Elizabeth White, whose innovative efforts in cultivating blueberries transformed barren lands into lush, productive fields. Their collaboration laid the foundation for today’s blueberry industry, with a nod to the USDA's role in promoting cultivation and breeding advancements. From understanding the perfect conditions for blueberry growth to exploring the whimsical world of whortleberries, this conversation is as informative as it is entertaining. With humor and heart, we invite you to consider the cultural and historical significance of these beloved berries and to rethink how we integrate native crops into our diets. Engage with our lighthearted banter and be part of this delightful exploration into the world of blueberries, huckleberries, and beyond. Whether you're a history buff, a blueberry enthusiast, or simply enjoy a good story, there's something for everyone in this episode.   For sources, transcripts, and to read more about this subject, visit: www.agroecologies.org To support this podcast, join our patreon for early, commercial-free episode access at https://www.patreon.com/poorprolesalmanac For PPA Writing Content, visit: www.agroecologies.org For PPA Restoration Content, visit: www.restorationagroecology.com For PPA Merch, visit: www.poorproles.com For PPA Native Plants, visit: www.nativenurseries.org To hear Tomorrow, Today, our sister podcast, visit: www.tomorrowtodaypodcast.org/   Key Words: Blueberries, Huckleberries, Indigenous Cultures, Agriculture, Canning Industry, Ball Brothers Corporation, Court Case, Evolution, Harvesting, Civil War, Embalming, Maine, Great Depression, World War II, Dr. Frederick Coville, Elizabeth White, USDA, Genetic Diversity, Pawpaws, Black Walnuts, Climate Change, Whortleberries, Social Media, Twitter

Join us for an enlightening conversation with Dr. Kirk Pomper, the driving force behind Kentucky State University's pioneering Paw Paw Research Program. As the world's only full-time initiative dedicated to this remarkable fruit, Dr. Pomper brings a wealth of knowledge and passion, tracing his journey from exploring various food crops to championing pawpaws, thanks to the visionary Brett Calloway. We navigate the potential of pawpaw as a transformative alternative crop for small farmers in Kentucky, while also tackling the unique challenges of making this fruit a staple in homes across America. Dr. Pomper takes us on a journey through the complexities of pawpaw processing, from the intricacies of pulp extraction to innovative storage solutions. As we compare the pawpaw to its fruity cousin, the persimmon, we unravel the market challenges both face and the exciting possibilities for value-added products like pawpaw smoothies and jams. We learn about efforts to extend the fruit's shelf life through controlled atmosphere storage, ensuring pawpaws reach new markets far and wide. Our discussion culminates in the fascinating world of pawpaw pollination and cultivar research. Dr. Pomper sheds light on the intricate pollination strategies of pawpaw trees, emphasizing the critical role of cross-pollination and the importance of planting diverse varieties. We also highlight Kentucky State University's endeavors to promote pawpaw awareness, including the upcoming Fifth International Pawpaw Conference and annual Pawpaw Day celebrations. This episode offers a captivating glimpse into the efforts to bring the pawpaw from obscurity to the forefront of the fruit world. Check out KSU's Pawpaw program: https://www.kysu.edu/academics/college-ahnr/school-of-anr/pawpaw/index.php For sources, transcripts, and to read more about this subject, visit: www.agroecologies.org To support this podcast, join our patreon for early, commercial-free episode access at https://www.patreon.com/poorprolesalmanac For PPA Writing Content, visit: www.agroecologies.org For PPA Restoration Content, visit: www.restorationagroecology.com For PPA Merch, visit: www.poorproles.com For PPA Native Plants, visit: www.nativenurseries.org To hear Tomorrow, Today, our sister podcast, visit: www.tomorrowtodaypodcast.org/ Keywords: Pawpaw, Research, Kentucky State University, Fruit, Alternative Crops, Small Farmers, Processing, Pollination, Cultivar, Genetic Diversity, Persimmons, American, Consumer, Storage, Value-Added Products, Insect Pollinators, Cross-Pollination, Survival Mechanisms, Clonal Propagation, Root-Suckering, Native Fruits, Social Media, Educational Field Days, International Conference, Cultivar Release, Entrepreneurs, Nurseries, Scientists, Festivals, Louisville, Athens  

Discover the groundbreaking research of Jim Ippolito, a leading expert in soil health and fertility from Ohio State University. Our engaging conversation uncovers his innovative methods for utilizing soil bacteria to enhance nutrient availability, especially phosphorus—a vital yet non-renewable resource. We challenge traditional farming practices and highlight how leveraging natural soil biology can revolutionize sustainable agriculture, reducing the reliance on external fertilizers. Explore the fascinating intersections between soil microorganisms and human biology as we discuss how ecosystems shape microbial diversity and affect everything from prairies to farmlands. We draw intriguing parallels between biological structures found in nitrogen-fixing bacteria and human components, such as hemoglobin, revealing the profound interconnectedness of all life forms. Jim shares his optimistic vision of how phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria might reshape agriculture, emphasizing the pressing need for innovative solutions to ensure a sustainable future. As we tackle the economic and practical challenges faced by producers transitioning to sustainable methods, Jim offers insights from his extensive experience with biochar, biosolids, and integrated agroecosystem management. We delve into the potential and hurdles of using biochar in large-scale agriculture and discuss the importance of balancing modern techniques with traditional knowledge in regenerative agriculture. Our conversation concludes with an exploration of efforts to advance soil health legislation in Ohio, highlighting the critical role these initiatives play in promoting resilient and sustainable agricultural practices. We discuss a fellow colleague's research extensively, Dr. Antisar Afkairin: https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=list_works&hl=en&hl=en&user=6Q-Z0b4AAAAJ We also discuss a new book, Native Grass Forages, which can be found here: https://nativegrasses.tennessee.edu/native-grass-forages/?origin=serp_auto For sources, transcripts, and to read more about this subject, visit: www.agroecologies.org To support this podcast, join our patreon for early, commercial-free episode access at https://www.patreon.com/poorprolesalmanac For PPA Writing Content, visit: www.agroecologies.org For PPA Restoration Content, visit: www.restorationagroecology.com For PPA Merch, visit: www.poorproles.com For PPA Native Plants, visit: www.nativenurseries.org To hear Tomorrow, Today, our sister podcast, visit: www.tomorrowtodaypodcast.org/ Keywords Soil Bacteria, Sustainable Agriculture, Phosphorus, Nutrient Availability, Traditional Farming Practices, Natural Soil Biology, Microorganisms, Human Biology, Ecosystems, Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria, Hemoglobin, Chlorophyll, Biochar, Biosolids, Agroecosystem Management, Regenerative Agriculture, Soil Health Legislation, Ohio State University, Soil Science, Terroir, Soil Microbiology, Soil Health, Sustainable Future, Agricultural Practices, Soil Management, Economic Challenges, No-Till Farming, Cover Crops, Biochar Applications, Environmental Remediation, Niche Agricultural Settings, Biosolids Management, Landfills, Phosphorus Management, Environmental Issues, Regenerative Agriculture, Native Forage, Resilient Ecosystems, High-Managed Systems, Modern Agricultural Practices, Traditional Methods, Native Grass Forages, Soil Health Initiatives, Soil Health Bill, Task Force, David Brant, Beneficial Bacteria

  Explore the curious tale of the Kentucky coffee tree, a living relic from an era when mastodons and giant sloths roamed freely. This episode uncovers the tree’s mysterious history, its quirky ties to extinct megafauna, and its unusual journey into the present day. With humor and curiosity, we ponder the tree's place in today’s world, including its potential culinary use and cultural significance. Imagine savoring forgotten fruits or crafting new beverages from these ancient species, as we explore how humanity can reconnect with this green artifact of the past. Join us for a deeper look at how the Kentucky coffee tree once enriched Indigenous lives and how it may still play a part in sustainable agriculture. Despite its thick seed shells and struggles to propagate naturally, this tree has a resilient legacy, from nitrogen fixation to its quirky role in indigenous dice games. We’ll consider its ecological potential alongside other interesting species like the honey locust and Osage orange. Through insights into historical practices and a touch of whimsy, we embrace the essence of preserving knowledge and envision a future where these ancient trees contribute to a balanced ecosystem. For sources, transcripts, and to read more about this subject, visit: www.agroecologies.org To support this podcast, join our patreon for early, commercial-free episode access at https://www.patreon.com/poorprolesalmanac For PPA Writing Content, visit: www.agroecologies.org For PPA Restoration Content, visit: www.restorationagroecology.com For PPA Merch, visit: www.poorproles.com For PPA Native Plants, visit: www.nativenurseries.org To hear Tomorrow, Today, our sister podcast, visit: www.tomorrowtodaypodcast.org/ Key words: Kentucky Coffee Tree, Mastodons, Extinction, Seed Dispersers, Sustainable Agriculture, Indigenous Uses, Diversity, Evolutionary Background, Pleistocene Extinction, Forgotten Fruits, Nitrogen Fixation, Livestock Diets, Ecological Incorporation, Black Locust, Black Cherry, Roasting, Ceremonial Uses, Recreational Uses, Indigenous Dice Game, Historical Knowledge

Join us as we kick off season five with a playful and engaging exploration of the fascinating pawpaw fruit, a hidden gem native to North America. In this episode, we uncover the intriguing characteristics of pawpaws, also known by quirky names like the "poor man's banana" and "Indiana banana." Discover how this unique fruit, pollinated by carrion flies and beetles due to its meat-like scented flowers, thrives as an understory tree growing in clusters. We unravel its mysterious historical journey, discussing how pawpaws might be an unusual outlier in North American flora, potentially linked to tropical relatives and ancient survival through past ice ages. The conversation shifts to the modern challenges faced by the pawpaw tree, focusing on the impacts of suburbanization, industrialization, and invasive species. Despite not being officially endangered, the pawpaw's presence is dwindling, a concern noted by older generations. We reflect on its historical significance, exploring colonial records and the role Indigenous populations played in spreading the tree to northern regions. This backdrop provides valuable insight into the pawpaw's distribution across North America and highlights the importance of preserving this unique fruit. Listen in as we trace the evolution of pawpaw cultivation, discussing key periods of development and the dedicated efforts of pioneers in the permanent agriculture movement. From the early 20th century to the present day, the episode highlights influential figures and their contributions to pawpaw breeding, including Neil Peterson's breeding program and the work at Kentucky State University. We explore the challenges of bringing pawpaws to mainstream markets, such as their limited shelf life, and share lighthearted anecdotes about enjoying pawpaw-based treats like beer and ice cream. This season promises to shine a spotlight on lesser-known fruits, beginning with the remarkable story of the pawpaw. For sources, transcripts, and to read more about this subject, visit: www.agroecologies.org To support this podcast, join our patreon for early, commercial-free episode access at https://www.patreon.com/poorprolesalmanac For PPA Writing Content, visit: www.agroecologies.org For PPA Restoration Content, visit: www.restorationagroecology.com For PPA Merch, visit: www.poorproles.com For PPA Native Plants, visit: www.nativenurseries.org To hear Tomorrow, Today, our sister podcast, visit: www.tomorrowtodaypodcast.org/ Key words: Pawpaw Fruit, North America, Pollination, Carrion Flies, Beetles, Ice Ages, Indigenous Practices, Colonial Times, Suburbanization, Invasive Species, Agricultural Heritage, Pawpaw Breeding, Kentucky State University, Pawpaw Cultivation, Perennial Crops, American Genetics Association, Ohio, Indiana, Pawpaw Breeding, Genetic Diversity, Maryland, Susquehanna Pawpaw, Glacial Period, Appalachians, Nutritional Potential, Shelf Stability, Pawpaw Flour, Nutritional Studies, Pawpaw-Based Products, Pawpaw Season, Interview

Kristen, a descendant of the Nipmuc and Mashpee Wampanoag peoples, joins us to share her personal journey with Indigenous rematriation and the Eastern Woodland Rematriation Collective. This episode illuminates the group's mission to honor ancestral territories and matrilineal heritage, bringing to life the evolving process of rematriation. Kristen's insights offer a heartfelt exploration of reimagining our relationship with the land. We delve into the complex relationship between cultural heritage and environmental restoration, emphasizing the power of multi-generational thinking. Kristen's reflections bridge the gap between Western individualism and Indigenous collective responsibility, illustrating how ancestral teachings guide sustainable practices. Through stories of advocacy and renewed kinship with nature, listeners are invited to embrace long-term commitments to future generations. The conversation also underscores the indispensable role of Indigenous stewardship in preserving biodiversity—especially in the face of settler colonialism's impact on New England. As we navigate the path to food sovereignty, Kristen paints a vivid picture of the joys and challenges in reclaiming traditional knowledge amidst modern life's systemic barriers. We discuss the beauty of embracing our roles as mentors to the younger generation while appreciating the present moment's unique challenges. The impactful work of Eastern Wilderness Rematriation, supported by WhyHunger, underscores a shared journey towards environmental and cultural sustainability. Tune in to learn how you can support and connect with these vital efforts, paving the way for a more just and sustainable future. Check out their work! https://rematriate.org/ For sources and to read more about this subject, visit: www.agroecologies.org To support this podcast, join our patreon for early episode access at https://www.patreon.com/poorprolesalmanac For PPA Writing Content, visit: www.agroecologies.org For PPA Restoration Content, visit: www.restorationagroecology.com For PPA Merch, visit: www.poorproles.com For PPA Native Plants, visit: www.nativenurseries.org To hear Tomorrow, Today, our sister podcast, visit: www.tomorrowtodaypodcast.org/ Key Words: Indigenous Rematriation, Eastern Woodland Rematriation Collective, Ancestral Territories, Matrilineal Heritage, Reimagining Relationships, Massachusetts, Historical Narratives, Misconceptions, Indigenous Communities, Cultural Heritage, Environmental Restoration, Multi-generational Thinking, Western Individualism, Collective Responsibility, Ancestral Teachings, Sustainable Practices, Advocacy, Kinship with Nature, Biodiversity, Settler Colonialism, Food Sovereignty, Traditional Knowledge, Modern Life, Systemic Barriers, Just Transition, Joy, Mentorship, Climate Change, Unsustainable Systems, WhyHunger, New York City, Local Initiatives, Community, Valuable Work

Discover the secrets of effective conservation and ecological restoration through the eyes of Kyle, a dedicated content creator who shifted from private forestry to social media advocacy. Learn about his strategic approach to simplifying complex ecological topics and the crucial role of private landowners in preserving local ecosystems amidst limited state and federal resources. Engage with the heated debates within the conservation community as Kyle recounts his experiences with controversial practices like herbicide use, prescribed burns, and tree cutting. Hear firsthand about the backlash from the permaculture community over his methods for managing invasive species, and delve into the complexities of balancing practicality and ecological integrity. Kyle illustrates these challenges with examples like autumn olive and hardy kiwi, highlighting the nuanced opinions and fierce discussions that shape conservation efforts. Finally, immerse yourself in the historical and contemporary significance of Alabama's prairie ecosystems. From the heart-wrenching destruction of biodiverse prairies to inspiring restoration projects such as the 40-acre Huntsville prairie, Kyle's stories underscore the urgency of preserving these precious habitats. Discover innovative strategies to engage corporations in sustainable development and learn about the emotional toll and ethical dilemmas faced by conservationists protecting endangered species. Join us for an episode that not only educates but also inspires collective action towards ecological stewardship. Check out the Native Habitat Project at: https://www.nativehabitatproject.com/ For sources and to read more about this subject, visit: www.agroecologies.org To support this podcast, join our patreon for early episode access at https://www.patreon.com/poorprolesalmanac For PPA Writing Content, visit: www.agroecologies.org For PPA Restoration Content, visit: www.restorationagroecology.com For PPA Merch, visit: www.poorproles.com For PPA Native Plants, visit: www.nativenurseries.org To hear Tomorrow, Today, our sister podcast, visit: www.tomorrowtodaypodcast.org/ Key words: Conservation, Ecological Restoration, Private Forestry, Social Media Advocacy, ADHD, Simplifying Complex Topics, Private Landowners, State and Federal Resources, Controversial Practices, Herbicide Use, Prescribed Burns, Tree Cutting, Invasive Species, Permaculture Community, Autumn Olive, Hardy Kiwi, Alabama Prairie Ecosystems, Sustainable Development, Endangered Species, Grasslands, Huntsville Prairie, Corporate Engagement, Historical Narratives, Land Conservation, Seed Banks, Climate Change, Blue Star Plant, TikTok, Legal Responsibility, Ethical Duty, Hazelnuts, Q&A Panel, Self-Education

Get ready to dive into one of the most catastrophic industrial disasters in American history as we take you back to New York City in 1911. We unravel the harrowing details of the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire, where 146 garment workers, mostly young immigrant women, perished in a tragic blaze. We'll weave through the horrific scenes of workers leaping to their deaths and the gut-wrenching failures in safety protocols—all while cracking jokes and sprinkling dark humor amid the historical calamity. Next, we delve into the corrupt practices and sheer negligence that set the stage for this disaster. Ever wondered how a locked door could spell doom for hundreds? Meet Isaac Harris and Max Blanck, the factory owners whose greed and disregard for human life turned their factory into a deathtrap. You'll also encounter the tenacious labor activists and reformers who, spurred by this tragedy, fought tirelessly for workers' rights and safety regulations. Finally, we explore the sweeping reforms that emerged from the ashes of the fire, reshaping labor laws and safety standards in the United States. To listen to death and friends, find them on social media @Deathandfriendspodcast or tune in wherever you're listening to this right now! To support this podcast, join our patreon for early episode access at https://www.patreon.com/poorprolesalmanac For PPA Writing Content, visit: www.agroecologies.org For PPA Restoration Content, visit: www.restorationagroecology.com For PPA Merch, visit: www.poorproles.com For PPA Native Plants, visit: www.nativenurseries.org To hear Tomorrow, Today, our sister podcast, visit: www.tomorrowtodaypodcast.org/

Join us for an enlightening discussion with Chris as we uncover the hidden complexities and unexpected realities of starting a farm business. Chris shares his unique journey, which began under the grim assumption of a limited lifespan due to health issues. This led him to neglect a detailed business plan initially, resulting in a steep learning curve. He emphasizes the crucial role of solid business foundations such as capital, labor, and clear goals, highlighting that the hands-on, visible aspects of farming are just a small fraction of what makes a farm successful. Chris candidly contrasts romanticized visions of farming with the logistical and strategic challenges faced in reality. We then shift focus to the broader challenges of being an entrepreneur, especially for those transitioning from technical roles to management positions. Chris discusses the pitfalls of such transitions, drawing parallels between middle managers and entrepreneurs overwhelmed by their new roles. Our conversation explores Blackbird and Sylvan Aquin's innovative approach to creating a sustainable business model that pays living wages by integrating agribusiness and agriculture. This approach helps offset the low margins in farming by leveraging higher-margin agribusiness activities, aiming to create a system where individuals don't have to be entrepreneurs to succeed. In the latter part of our episode, we tackle the larger socio-political implications of ethical business growth and the role of social entrepreneurship in challenging capitalism. Chris provides insights into the need for practical business acumen and realistic goals to achieve political and ethical objectives. We also discuss the importance of creating businesses that ethically redistribute wealth, building economic centers that can drive political change. Listen in as we explore the necessity of understanding business fundamentals, maintaining community accountability, and creating a culture of fairness to achieve meaningful progress and sustainable change. Purchase meat and eggs from the Blackbird Coop here: https://blackbirdcoop.com/ Check out Chris's book First Generation farming here: https://stan.store/sylvanaquafarms/p/first-generation-farming For sources and to read more about this subject, visit: www.agroecologies.org To support this podcast, join our patreon for early episode access at https://www.patreon.com/poorprolesalmanac For PPA Writing Content, visit: www.agroecologies.org For PPA Restoration Content, visit: www.restorationagroecology.com For PPA Merch, visit: www.poorproles.com For PPA Native Plants, visit: www.nativenurseries.org To hear Tomorrow, Today, our sister podcast, visit: www.tomorrowtodaypodcast.org/   Key Words: Farm Business, Ethics, Profitability, Entrepreneurship, Blackbird, Sylvanaqua, Agribusiness, Agriculture, Capital, Labor, Business Plan, Logistical Challenges, Strategic Realities, Romanticized Visions, Solid Business Foundations, Middle Managers, Technical Roles, Management, Sustainable Model, Living Wages, Capitalist Structures, Socio-Political Implications, Social Entrepreneurship, Political Change, Historical Successes, Modern Challenges, Community Accountability, Culture of Fairness, Left-Wing Politics, Ethical Business Choices, Economic Change, Equitable Societal Outcomes

Join us as we welcome Dr. Maria Rusca, a senior lecturer in global development at the University of Manchester, who brings her extensive research on urban inequalities and environmental governance to our discussion. Maria will illuminate the pressing issues of gendered access to water and sanitation services in sub-Saharan African cities, with a poignant case study of Cape Town's severe drought from 2015 to 2018. Understand how socioeconomic disparities shape the vulnerabilities and resilience of different communities during extreme climate events, and why equitable urban planning is essential for future sustainability. Our conversation then shifts to the intricate challenges of water management, both in Cape Town and globally, including the United States. We uncover how merely increasing water supply is insufficient without addressing the underlying socioeconomic inequalities that impact water consumption and access. Maria's insights urge us to reconsider societal priorities and the role of sustainable consumption and climate justice in effective climate adaptation strategies. This episode critiques the limitations of technocratic fixes and advocates for more holistic, structural changes. Finally, we spotlight the remarkable advocacy efforts of Shack Dwellers International (SDI) in improving water and sanitation services in informal settlements. Discover how SDI’s innovative use of saving groups and data collection campaigns bring affordable, high-quality services to low-income residents, who often pay more for inferior water services. The episode also extends the discussion to developed nations, examining the broader implications of climate change and the need for resilience and equity in our responses. Maria shares inspiring examples of human adaptability, encouraging listeners to remain hopeful and proactive in confronting the challenges ahead. For sources and to read more about this subject, visit: www.agroecologies.org To support this podcast, join our patreon for early episode access at https://www.patreon.com/poorprolesalmanac For PPA Writing Content, visit: www.agroecologies.org For PPA Restoration Content, visit: www.restorationagroecology.com For PPA Merch, visit: www.poorproles.com For PPA Native Plants, visit: www.nativenurseries.org To hear Tomorrow, Today, our sister podcast, visit: www.tomorrowtodaypodcast.org/ Key words: Urban Inequalities, Environmental Governance, Gendered Access, Water and Sanitation Services, Sub-Saharan African Cities, Cape Town, Drought, Socioeconomic Disparities, Climate Events, Urban Planning, Water Management, United States, Sustainable Consumption, Climate Justice, Technocratic Fixes, Structural Changes, Shack Dwellers International, Informal Settlements, Saving Groups, Data Collection, Climate Change, Resilience, Equitable Advocacy, Oppressive Measures, Hurricane Harvey, Marginalized Communities, Water Shortages, Inaccessibility, Human Resilience, Adaptability, Hope, Atlantic Current

Get ready for an enlightening discussion with Lyndsie Bourgon as we unpack the complex world of illegal timber harvesting on the West Coast. Bourgon, whose fascination with the topic began with a 2012 news story about stolen old-growth cedar in British Columbia, provides a fresh perspective on tree poaching. We go beyond the black-and-white narrative of "bad people doing bad things" to reveal the deep economic, cultural, and historical roots that drive individuals to engage in this illicit activity. Our conversation takes a deep dive into the enduring impact of the timber wars of the early 1990s in Northern California, where the expansion of Redwoods National Park left local communities feeling unheard and betrayed. We explore the flawed economic transitions from logging to tourism, and the societal stigmas around accepting government aid. Listen as we discuss the persistent distrust toward agencies like the Forest Service and National Park Service, and the frustration that fuels resistance to change in these rural communities. In the final segment, we delve into the ethical dilemmas faced by those involved in tree poaching, the environmental damage caused by rushed harvesting, and the specialized skills that poachers take pride in. Borgon also shares her insights into current research on community forest management, highlighting inspiring stories from Scotland's Land Reform Act. This episode challenges conventional thinking and seeks comprehensive, empathetic solutions to the multifaceted issues of illegal timber harvesting. Don’t miss out on this captivating conversation that offers a deeper understanding of the socio-economic complexities at play. Check Out Lyndsie's work at: https://www.lyndsiebourgon.com/ and on social media at @LyndsieBourgon For sources and to read more about this subject, visit: www.agroecologies.org To support this podcast, join our patreon for early episode access at https://www.patreon.com/poorprolesalmanac For PPA Writing Content, visit: www.agroecologies.org For PPA Restoration Content, visit: www.restorationagroecology.com For PPA Merch, visit: www.poorproles.com For PPA Native Plants, visit: www.nativenurseries.org To hear Tomorrow, Today, our sister podcast, visit: www.tomorrowtodaypodcast.org/ Key Words: Illegal Timber Harvesting, West Coast, Economic Development, Rural Communities, Environmental Ethics, Community Land Management, Timber Wars, Redwoods National Park, Logging, Conservation, Socio-Historical Context, Empathy, Sustainable Practices, Drug Use, Methamphetamine, Scotland, Land Reform Act, Law Enforcement, Research Process

Join us as we explore a transformative journey through the protests surrounding the Democratic National Convention (DNC) in Chicago. This firsthand account guides us through the emotional highs and lows of modern activism, from initial ignorance about the Palestinian cause to the solidarity and danger faced on the streets. Hear about the diverse range of organizations banding together, the historical echoes of 1968, and the meticulous preparations to safeguard against police violence. Our deep dive doesn't stop there. We also reflect on the recent pro-choice protest in Chicago, highlighting the intersection of grassroots movements and media dynamics. Discover the intricate balance between protesters' efforts and media portrayal, the overwhelming pro-Palestinian sentiment, and the pivotal role of legal observers. The physical demands and profound sense of solidarity among various activist groups are brought to light, underscoring the vital role of collective action in political discourse. In a candid conversation with a healthcare worker advocating for Palestinian rights, we uncover the harsh realities of police brutality and the tactical measures taken by protesters to protect themselves. From navigating police presence to the unity within leftist groups, these insights offer a comprehensive look at protest strategies and the philosophies driving the movement. A local official weighs in on the importance of grassroots involvement and the urgent need for unity within the US left to achieve meaningful change. Get ready for a narrative that not only informs but also inspires action.   For sources and to read more about this subject, visit: www.agroecologies.org To support this podcast, join our patreon for early episode access at https://www.patreon.com/poorprolesalmanac For PPA Writing Content, visit: www.agroecologies.org For PPA Restoration Content, visit: www.restorationagroecology.com For PPA Merch, visit: www.poorproles.com For PPA Native Plants, visit: www.nativenurseries.org To hear Tomorrow, Today, our sister podcast, visit: www.tomorrowtodaypodcast.org/ Key Words: Road Trip, Podcast, 2020 Election, COVID-19, U.S. Political Landscape, Trump, Biden, Democratic Party, USAID, Israel, Labor Rights, LGBTQIA+ Rights, Police Accountability, Campus Tensions, Palestinian Cause, State Violence, Police Reform, Chicago Police Department, Political Unrest, Activism, Collective Action, First Amendment Rights, Kamala Harris, Cook County State's Attorney, State Violence, Police Accountability, Oath Keepers, 1968 Democratic National Convention, Progressive Factions, Political Awareness, Activism Movement, Mass Movement, Justice, Hollow Slogans, Empty Promises

In this compelling episode of The Port Proles Almanac, we delve into the intricate dynamics of political activism surrounding the upcoming Democratic National Convention (DNC) in Chicago. From the grassroots struggles of the Coalition to March on the DNC to the bureaucratic hurdles in securing protest permits, we unpack the multifaceted challenges activists face. Featuring an insightful conversation with Faayani, spokesperson for the coalition, and member of the Chicago Alliance Against Racist and Political Repression, we explore the group's intersectional advocacy, including labor rights, LGBTQIA+ rights, and police accountability. We also draw historical parallels to the tumultuous 1968 DNC, reflecting on the cyclical nature of political unrest and the enduring fight for justice. This episode examines the broader themes of state violence and police accountability, highlighting recent controversies involving the Chicago Police Department and the distribution of federal funds and how these help us understand the context of the convention. Listeners are urged to engage in the ongoing struggle for justice, challenge the status quo, and recognize collective action's impact in shaping our political future. Join us as we navigate the maze of political activism and explore the historical context and potential of the upcoming DNC protests in Chicago and how this event allows us to identify a new vector to push for a ceasefire and autonomy for the people of Palestine. The Chicago Alliance Against Racist & Political Repression's website for more on the upcoming protest of the convention & Democratic support for the genocide in Palestine: https://www.caarpr.org/   For sources and to read more about this subject, visit: www.agroecologies.org To support this podcast, join our patreon for early episode access at https://www.patreon.com/poorprolesalmanac For PPA Writing Content, visit: www.agroecologies.org For PPA Restoration Content, visit: www.restorationagroecology.com For PPA Merch, visit: www.poorproles.com For PPA Native Plants, visit: www.nativenurseries.org To hear Tomorrow, Today, our sister podcast, visit: www.tomorrowtodaypodcast.org/ Key Words: Road Trip, Podcast, 2020 Election, COVID-19, U.S. Political Landscape, Trump, Biden, Democratic Party, USAID, Israel, Labor Rights, LGBTQIA+ Rights, Police Accountability, Campus Tensions, Palestinian Cause, State Violence, Police Reform, Chicago Police Department, Political Unrest, Activism, Collective Action, First Amendment Rights, Kamala Harris, Cook County State's Attorney, State Violence, Police Accountability, Oath Keepers, 1968 Democratic National Convention, Progressive Factions, Political Awareness, Activism Movement, Mass Movement, Justice, Hollow Slogans, Empty Promises

Unlock the secrets of resilient gardening and sustainable agriculture with Eric, a pioneer in the permaculture movement. Discover how perennial vegetables can bolster global food security and improve diets, as Eric shares his personal journey from intern to influential thought leader in the perennial crops space. We'll explore the nutritional depths and availability of these remarkable plants, and how they can transform food systems to tackle malnutrition and nutrient deficiencies worldwide. Join us as we critically examine the permaculture movement and the sophisticated mechanisms plants use to redistribute soil nutrients. Eric and I discuss the importance of credibility, the concept of "post-permaculturalist" thinking, and the pitfalls of overpromising within regenerative agriculture. We'll navigate the complexities of modern farming, balancing conventional and sustainable practices, and explore the potential for democratized plant breeding and accessible gardening methods. From acorn flour to edible tree leaves, this episode ventures into the underexplored realms of multi-use plants and their role in sustainable agriculture. Eric shares insights from his latest projects in agroforestry and indigenous food practices, offering practical strategies for integrating perennial crops into our food systems. Learn from Eric's extensive research and latest book releases, and be inspired to contribute to a more resilient and ecologically sound future. Check out Eric's work at: https://www.perennialsolutions.org/ For sources and to read more about this subject, visit: www.agroecologies.org To support this podcast, join our patreon for early episode access at https://www.patreon.com/poorprolesalmanac For PPA Writing Content, visit: www.agroecologies.org For PPA Restoration Content, visit: www.restorationagroecology.com For PPA Merch, visit: www.poorproles.com For PPA Native Plants, visit: www.nativenurseries.org To hear Tomorrow, Today, our sister podcast, visit: www.tomorrowtodaypodcast.org/ Key words: Resilient Gardening, Sustainable Agriculture, Permaculture, Perennial Vegetables, Global Food Security, Nutrition, Food Systems, Food Sovereignty, Nutrient Deficiencies, Credibility, Post-Permaculturalist, Regenerative Agriculture, Complexity, Conventional and Sustainable Practices, Democratized Plant Breeding, Agroforestry, Indigenous Food Practices, Multi-Use Plants, Nutritional Benefits, Ecological Sustainability, Climate Change, Resilient Food Systems, Ecosystem Restoration, Perennial Crops, Acorn Flour, Bioplastics, Agroforestry Manuals, Indigenous Agricultural Practices, Plant Enthusiast, Passing on Knowledge

  Esteemed historian Dr. Horne joins us for an eye-opening discussion about his new book, "Armed Struggle? Panthers and Communists, Black Nationalists and Liberals in Southern California through the 60s and 70s." This episode dives deep into the intricacies of organizing under capitalism, informed by Dr. Horne's personal experiences with the Black Panther Party. We also revisit his thought-provoking analysis of Washington DC, where the paradox of power and race reveals much about the foundational myths of the United States. Dr. Horne challenges us to rethink the historical narratives that shape our understanding of American history, particularly the events of 1776 and their limited impact on indigenous peoples and enslaved populations. Our conversation does not shy away from the hard truths of America's political landscape. We explore the historical decisions of the NAACP and their relevance to modern activism, the arduous task of campaigning against military spending, and the pressing need for a revitalized labor movement. Dr. Horne discusses "settler colonialism" and unpacks its implications, both historically and in today's context, touching on issues like Cherokee assimilation and class collaboration. We also address the counterrevolution against diversity, equity, and inclusion initiatives, and the precarious future for undocumented workers should Trump return to office. This multifaceted episode promises to be as enlightening as it is thought-provoking. To hear Dr. Horne further, check out the activist news network: https://www.youtube.com/@activistnewsnetwork His new book can be purchased at: https://www.intpubnyc.com/browse/armed-struggle/   For sources and to read more about this subject, visit: www.agroecologies.org To support this podcast, join our patreon for early episode access at https://www.patreon.com/poorprolesalmanac For PPA Writing Content, visit: www.agroecologies.org For PPA Restoration Content, visit: www.restorationagroecology.com For PPA Merch, visit: www.poorproles.com For PPA Native Plants, visit: www.nativenurseries.org To hear Tomorrow, Today, our sister podcast, visit: www.tomorrowtodaypodcast.org/ Historian, Black Panther Party, Capitalism, Washington DC, Indigenous Peoples, Enslaved Population, NAACP, Military Spending, Labor Movement, Settler Colonialism, Cherokee Assimilation, Class Collaboration, Diversity, Equity, Inclusion, Counterrevolution, Undocumented Workers, Slavery, Arson, Resistance, Thomas Jefferson

Join us as we welcome the insightful Dr. Peter Rosset, an esteemed agroecologist and activist embedded in the heart of Central America. Dr. Rosset brings his wealth of experience with La Via Campesina—a formidable global social movement uniting over 200 million rural families—to our discussion. Together, we dissect the pivotal role this movement plays in championing indigenous rights and food sovereignty while defending nature, rural life, and equitable access to land. Contrast the principles of agroecology with the entrenched norms of industrial agriculture, and explore how harmonious, socially just farming practices can resist the tide of agribusiness and revitalize rural landscapes, particularly in the Global South. Our exploration extends into the political undercurrents that have shaped agricultural revolutions in Latin America, influenced by historic movements like the Vietnam War and Black Power Movement. Discover the journey of a politically-engaged individual whose technical support during the Nicaraguan revolution and subsequent experiences across Latin America underscore the complexities of fostering ethical agricultural systems. Learn practical ways to support farm workers, indigenous land claims, and family farmers in the U.S. Finally, we turn our focus to Cuba, where innovative agricultural practices, such as urban organopanicos and the campesino-to-campesino model, emerged from necessity and now stand as beacons of sustainable food production. Reflect on Cuba's lessons of ecological resilience and social equity, crucial as we confront the challenges posed by climate change. To read Dr. Rosset's work, check out the following: https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=U8xYmpEAAAAJ&hl=en The book we reference is the following: Agroecology: Science and Politics (Agrarian Change and Peasant Studies: Little Books on Big Issues) by Peter M. Rosset (Author), Miguel A. Altieri (Author)   For sources and to read more about this subject, visit: www.agroecologies.org To support this podcast, join our patreon for early episode access at https://www.patreon.com/poorprolesalmanac For PPA Writing Content, visit: www.agroecologies.org For PPA Restoration Content, visit: www.restorationagroecology.com For PPA Merch, visit: www.poorproles.com For PPA Native Plants, visit: www.nativenurseries.org To hear Tomorrow, Today, our sister podcast, visit: www.tomorrowtodaypodcast.org/ Agroecology, La Via Campesina, Indigenous Rights, Food Sovereignty, Nature, Rural Life, Land Access, Industrial Agriculture, Global South, Political Undercurrents, Agricultural Revolutions, Latin America, Vietnam War, Black Power Movement, Ethical Agricultural Systems, Farm Workers, Indigenous Land Claims, Family Farmers, Cuba, Urban Organoponicos, Campesino-to-Campesino Model, Ecological Resilience, Social Equity, Climate Change, Sustainable Food Production

Have modern agricultural practices led us down an unsustainable path, and are the so-called "green" alternatives really any better? Discover the truth as we explore the evolution of alternative agriculture and unpack the misleading narratives surrounding terms like "organic" and "regenerative." We'll delve into the historical roots and political dimensions of agroecology, examining how this vital movement emerged in Latin America as a counter to the top-down failures of the Green Revolution. With a focus on context, we spotlight how language shapes our understanding and approach to building future food systems. In this episode, we shine a light on the principles and practices that set agroecology apart, emphasizing its local, knowledge-intensive methods that contrast sharply with industrial agricultural models. Learn how agroecology has become a cornerstone of resistance among peasant and indigenous communities, fostering resilience and autonomy in the face of global destabilization. Through global perspectives, we'll showcase how agroecology supports biodiversity and traditional foodways, while also considering scalable, sustainable alternatives that integrate appropriate technologies to enhance community well-being. Join us as we explore innovative small-scale projects and successful agroecological movements worldwide, questioning the romanticized view of peasant farming and the efficiency of growing one's own food. We propose a model that aligns crop selection with native ecological conditions, promoting harmony with the land and addressing issues of alienation and redundancy. Ultimately, we underscore the importance of justice, traditional land stewardship, and decentralized food systems in creating a sustainable agricultural future for all beings, amidst ecological and colonial challenges. For sources and to read more about this subject, visit: www.agroecologies.org To support this podcast, join our patreon for early episode access at https://www.patreon.com/poorprolesalmanac For PPA Writing Content, visit: www.agroecologies.org For PPA Restoration Content, visit: www.restorationagroecology.com For PPA Merch, visit: www.poorproles.com For PPA Native Plants, visit: www.nativenurseries.org To hear Tomorrow, Today, our sister podcast, visit: www.tomorrowtodaypodcast.org/ Agroecology, Traditional Ecological Knowledge, Sustainable Agriculture, Global South, Peasant Resistance Movements, Community Agriculture, Small-scale Farming, Food Systems, Justice, Restorative Agroecology, Indigenous Peoples, Decolonization, Biodiversity, Food Security, Climate Change, Traditional Foodways, Community Ownership, Collective Effort, Sustainable Futures, Political Dimensions

Can suburban backyards become the cornerstone of our sustainable future? Join us as we dissect the ideas in David Holmgren's "Retro Suburbia," where he envisions a world shaped by energy descent and societal degrowth. We kick off with Holmgren's strategic re-release of his book during the COVID-19 pandemic and his bold claims, examining the validity of his assertions and his data. Holmgren's blended manual-manifesto style of his work are scrutinized for their impact and credibility. While Holmgren's vision is compelling, we challenge the individualistic ethos often echoed by prominent permaculture figures. By contrasting historical communal living with today's nuclear solutions, we advocate for more pragmatic, collective approaches like shared canning centers and communal storage. We delve into the impracticalities of doubling household infrastructures and emphasize the efficiency of systemic community-based solutions, arguing that resilience and sustainability are best achieved through collective action rather than individual endeavors. In our deep dive into Holmgren's more controversial ideas, we confront his views on human waste management, suburban farming, and population control. Highlighting the need for scientific validation and proper hygiene practices, we question the feasibility and ethics behind some of Holmgren's proposals. From the romanticization of self-sufficiency to troubling perspectives on genetics and women's roles, we stress the importance of critical assessment within the permaculture movement. For sources and to read more about this subject, visit: www.agroecologies.org To support this podcast, join our patreon for early episode access at https://www.patreon.com/poorprolesalmanac For PPA Writing Content, visit: www.agroecologies.org For PPA Restoration Content, visit: www.restorationagroecology.com For PPA Merch, visit: www.poorproles.com For PPA Native Plants, visit: www.nativenurseries.org To hear Tomorrow, Today, our sister podcast, visit: www.tomorrowtodaypodcast.org/ Retro Suburbia, David Holmgren, Permaculture, Community, Energy Descent, COVID-19, Academic Discussions, Individualistic Narratives, Systemic Solutions, Communal Living, Household Infrastructures, Water Management, Waste Management, Human Waste, Hygiene Practices, Urban Food Production, Population Control, Genetic Legacy, Agroecology, Sustainability

Unlock the secrets of invasion ecology and transform your understanding of invasive species with our latest episode on the Poor Proles Almanac. Andy takes the lead in unraveling the complex dynamics of invasives by using case studies, such as the autumn olive in New England, revealing both its beneficial traits and its invasive consequences. By contrasting this plant with the native silverberry, we reveal how historical land management practices, like fire and grazing, have shaped their spread. Learn how hardiness zones, soil conditions, and human activities play pivotal roles in the success and control of these species. In our exploration of eco-evolutionary experience, we dive into the intricate relationships between native and invasive species. Discover how the invasive Argentine ant disrupts seed planting in South Africa's Fynbos Biome, and trace the global spread of Japanese knotweed from a single introduction. We discuss the rapid adaptability of invasive species and their lasting ecological impacts, such as soil changes and hybridization threats. Historical perspectives, including Howard Odom's maximum power principle, offer a deeper understanding of how invasives thrive based on energy efficiency. We round out the episode by addressing the profound implications of invasive species on ecosystems and the critical importance of ecological integrity. Examine how modern societal practices contribute to habitat destruction and species homogenization, and why preserving native landscapes is crucial. Our concluding discussion focuses on ecological restoration, highlighting the indispensable role of indigenous stewardship and the preservation of native plants. Join us for a nuanced conversation that emphasizes the long-term goal of ensuring the legacy of our natural world for future generations. For sources and to read more about this subject, visit: www.agroecologies.org Buy the original magazine where this piece was published! https://mergoat.com/product/preorder-vol-2-n1-a-horde-a-heap-a-pile/ To support this podcast, join our patreon for early episode access at https://www.patreon.com/poorprolesalmanac For PPA Writing Content, visit: www.agroecologies.org For PPA Restoration Content, visit: www.restorationagroecology.com For PPA Merch, visit: www.poorproles.com For PPA Native Plants, visit: www.nativenurseries.org To hear Tomorrow, Today, our sister podcast, visit: www.tomorrowtodaypodcast.org/ keywords: Invasion Ecology, Invasive Species, Autumn Olive, Silverberry, Land Management, Fire, Grazing, Hardiness Zones, Soil Conditions, Human Activities, Eco-Evolutionary Experience, Argentine Ant, Seed Planting, Japanese Knotweed, Genetic Bottlenecks, Generalist Strategies, Soil Alteration, Hybridization, Black Locust, Native Mulberry, Capitalism, Profit, Homogenization, Permaculture, Sociopolitical Dimensions, Ecological Integrity, Climate Change, Habitat Destruction, Indigenous Stewardship, Native Plants, Ecosystems, Mutual Care, Evolution, Legacy

"What if the key to saving our planet lies in mimicking nature itself?" Join us on an exploration of permaculture, where we uncover the fascinating history and principles behind this revolutionary approach to sustainable living. From Bill Mollison's diverse and adventurous background to David Holmgren's educational journey, we piece together how their unique experiences and shared vision culminated in the creation of permaculture. Tune in for a captivating look at the origins of permaculture and the key figures who shaped its development. We go beyond the surface to explore the early challenges faced by the permaculture movement, including the complexities of merging ecological ethics with economic viability. Discover how significant events and influential figures contributed to the growth and adoption of permaculture in the United States and globally. Even as the movement expanded, it faced internal conflicts and external criticisms, especially regarding the incorporation of Indigenous knowledge and practices. In our final discussions, we tackle the contentious issues of decolonizing permaculture and ensuring it remains scientifically grounded. We scrutinize the movement's relationship with traditional ecological knowledge, the problematic nature of modernizing ancient practices, and the often tokenistic gestures towards Indigenous communities. By highlighting these critical perspectives, we emphasize the need for a more authentic and respectful approach to sustainable living. Don't miss this thought-provoking episode as we unpack the ethical implications and future directions of the permaculture movement. For sources and to read more about this subject, visit: https://poorprolesalmanac.substack.com/p/a-history-of-permaculture To support this podcast, join our patreon for early episode access at https://www.patreon.com/poorprolesalmanac For PPA Writing Content, visit: www.agroecologies.org For PPA Restoration Content, visit: www.restorationagroecology.com For PPA Merch, visit: www.poorproles.com For PPA Native Plants, visit: www.nativenurseries.org To hear Tomorrow, Today, our sister podcast, visit: www.tomorrowtodaypodcast.org/ Keywords: Sustainable Living, Permaculture, Organic Farming, No-Till Methods, Agroecology, Bill Mollison, David Holmgren, Indigenous Knowledge, Sustainable Agriculture, History, Founders, Origins, Development, Challenges, Influences, Critique, Decolonizing, Scientific Perspectives, Traditional Ecological Knowledge, Autonomy

In last week's episode, we dove into the confluence of veterans from the Vietnam War returning home, the collapse of the agricultural sector, and the rise of white supremacy. All of these coalesced into a movement centered around white supremacy and Christianity.  This week, we're exploring how this movement evolved into the 21st century. From homesteads to compounds, violence fomented between these radicals and the federal government (as well as towards non-whites and other marginalized people). How did this evolve into the more nuanced white supremacy movement that dances around acceptable forms of racism today?   To read about this movement further, check out the following substack for sources and further details: https://poorprolesalmanac.substack.com/p/homesteading-and-white-supremacy    This episode is sponsored by: Eric Toensmeier at https://www.perennialsolutions.org/ Check out his upcoming class!   To support this podcast, join our patreon for early episode access at https://www.patreon.com/poorprolesalmanac For PPA Writing Content, visit: www.agroecologies.org For PPA Restoration Content, visit: www.restorationagroecology.com For PPA Merch, visit: www.poorproles.com For PPA Native Plants, visit: www.nativenurseries.org To hear Tomorrow, Today, our sister podcast, visit: www.tomorrowtodaypodcast.org/

The Vietnam War gave birth to a new generation of veterans, ones who came back from war feeling abandoned by their government and by their fellow civilians. Unlike prior wars, the enemies were largely non-white and the terrain of war was entirely different. Guerrilla war and traps created the conditions of dehumanization that bled racism into anti-communism. Upon returning home, many found themselves disgusted by the United States government and found the country they returned to much different than the country they had left, as progressive policies had taken hold through the late years of the 60s and early 70s. We highlighted this with the rise of the Back to the Land movement, and how the countercultural revolution fed into new visions of the future. Many point to the startling rise in white supremacy in the late 20th century to the aftermath of the Vietnam War. As narrated by white power proponents, the Vietnam War was a story of constant danger, gore, and horror. It was also a story of soldiers’ betrayal by military and political leaders and of the trivialization of their sacrifice. This narrative increased paramilitarism and separationism through homesteading and communes within the movement. In his speeches, newsletters, and influential 1983 collection Essays of a Klansman, movement leader Louis Beam urged activists to continue fighting the Vietnam War on American soil. When he told readers to “bring it on home,” he meant a literal extension of military-style combat into civilian space. He referred to two wars: the one he had fought in Vietnam and the white revolution he hoped to wage in the United States. In this episode, we explore how the politics of the 1960s and 70s drove the homesteader movement and shifted the focus of growing food as a means of resistance and purity. How did this movement shape homesteading, and how prominent was it? To read about this movement further, check out the following substack for sources and further details: https://poorprolesalmanac.substack.com/p/homesteading-and-white-supremacy This episode is sponsored by: Eric Toensmeier at https://www.perennialsolutions.org/ Check out his upcoming class! To support this podcast, join our patreon for early episode access at https://www.patreon.com/poorprolesalmanac For PPA Writing Content, visit: www.agroecologies.org For PPA Restoration Content, visit: www.restorationagroecology.com For PPA Merch, visit: www.poorproles.com For PPA Native Plants, visit: www.nativenurseries.org To hear Tomorrow, Today, our sister podcast, visit: www.tomorrowtodaypodcast.org/

The counterculture movement of the 1960s and 70s is well-known, and its trappings of communes that were woefully prepared for the work required to survive has been made fodder for more than one trope from this era. We’ll explore this well-worn narrative, but to do so, we need to frame up where the Back-to-the-Land movement originated to understand how it became what is so well known. As we explore the Back to the Land movement, we'll see how the overlaps of right-wing fascism and the socialist movement engage with one another, especially as homesteaders become disillusioned with their attempts to exit from capitalist society.   This episode is sponsored by: Eric Toensmeier at https://www.perennialsolutions.org/ Check out his class coming up soon!   To read about the movement further, check out the following substack for sources and further details: https://poorprolesalmanac.substack.com/p/the-back-to-the-land-movement   To support this podcast, join our patreon for early episode access at https://www.patreon.com/poorprolesalmanac For PPA Writing Content, visit: www.agroecologies.org For PPA Restoration Content, visit: www.restorationagroecology.com For PPA Merch, visit: www.poorproles.com For PPA Native Plants, visit: www.nativenurseries.org To hear Tomorrow, Today, our sister podcast, visit: www.tomorrowtodaypodcast.org/

If you’ve been following our series on permanent agriculture, we’ve gone in extensive depth on the evolution of soil science to permanent agriculture to the Odum brothers’ vision for agroecology. While their work stemmed from the science-led movement of permanent agriculture as the permanent agriculture movement crashed under the pressures of World War 2, multipl concurrent movements followed. The first we covered was the Odum Brothers and their vision of agriculture driven by ecological limitations. An openly, self-proclaimed less scientific vision came under the organic movement, as well as the biodynamic movement, and the Back to the Land movement, and many of these advocates go on to coalesce under the permaculture movement. But before we can understand how those created the newer movement of homesteading and permaculture of today, we need to understand how and why the organic movement thrived in the early days after World War 2.  One particular advocate for this change was a British botanist, Sir Albert Howard. In 1903, he went to India as a professor to teach how to grow food in India. However, during his time there, he realized they had better techniques, specifically around composting, and he began to write about their techniques for a global audience. He was also one of the primary advocates for the study of ecology and the need to incorporate ecology into food systems. He was an ardent supporter of the permanent agriculture movement spreading across the United States. To read about organics further, check out the following substack for sources and further details: https://poorprolesalmanac.substack.com/p/the-birth-of-the-organics-movement   To support this podcast, join our patreon for early episode access at https://www.patreon.com/poorprolesalmanac For PPA Writing Content, visit: www.agroecologies.org For PPA Restoration Content, visit: www.restorationagroecology.com For PPA Merch, visit: www.poorproles.com For PPA Native Plants, visit: www.nativenurseries.org To hear Tomorrow, Today, our sister podcast, visit: www.tomorrowtodaypodcast.org/

To talk about permanent agriculture and the alternative agriculture movement that fought against monocropping and industrial pesticide and fertilizer use without talking about biodynamics ignores one of the focal components in the development of a huge facet of how these movements came to be today. To try and explain the biodynamic movement without talking about Rudolf Steiner doesn’t fully capture how and why the movement became what it was long after his death. Steiner’s interest spanned from education to agriculture to, in his words, “how to know higher worlds.” His interests explored anthroposophy, or what he considered ‘spiritual science’, something that has continued to occupy a large space in the various ‘natural’ agricultural movements that span the globe today, including at least 6,000 farms today.1    Waldorf schools, inspired by Steiner’s work, number over 2,000 today, and highlight that his writing and speeches struck a common belief that has transcended his place and time in Germany. We’ll explore what these beliefs are and how these positions, by definition of how they can be interpreted, have been coopted by groups across the political spectrum.   To read about biodynamics further, check out the following substack for sources and further details: https://poorprolesalmanac.substack.com/p/the-birth-of-the-biodynamics-movement   To support this podcast, join our patreon for early episode access at https://www.patreon.com/poorprolesalmanac For PPA Writing Content, visit: www.agroecologies.org For PPA Restoration Content, visit: www.restorationagroecology.com For PPA Merch, visit: www.poorproles.com For PPA Native Plants, visit: www.nativenurseries.org To hear Tomorrow, Today, our sister podcast, visit: www.tomorrowtodaypodcast.org/

Scott Nearing is another name that likely hasn’t reached most folks’ ears who may be searching for leaders in the agriculture-socialist-homesteader space, but Scott’s career spanned a wide and varied path from academics to activism to homesteading. His life was as diverse as it was long, and much of what we know from the counterculture movement of the 70s that centered on self-sufficiency stemmed from his specific brand.   However, Nearing's politics and identity as a class traitor is a bit more complex than it appears on the surface, and we explore how Scott's positions evolved and what new evidence suggests about his vision of "living the good life".     To read about Scott Nearing's contributions to history, check out the following substack for sources and further details: https://poorprolesalmanac.substack.com/p/scott-nearing   To support this podcast, join our patreon for early episode access at https://www.patreon.com/poorprolesalmanac For PPA Writing Content, visit: www.agroecologies.org For PPA Restoration Content, visit: www.restorationagroecology.com For PPA Merch, visit: www.poorproles.com For PPA Native Plants, visit: www.nativenurseries.org To hear Tomorrow, Today, our sister podcast, visit: www.tomorrowtodaypodcast.org/

To understand the development of the post-World War permanent agriculture movement and the movements that followed, we need to follow the trajectory of the movement of the field of ecology, and we cannot trace this evolution without talking about the Odum brothers. Eugene and Howard T. Odum were the sons of sociologist Howard Washington Odum & Anna Louise Kranz and would go on to change the trajectory of agroecology, for better or worse.   In 1954, both were hired by the Atomic Energy Commission to study a coral reef at the Eniwetok Atoll atomic test bomb site.3 Just the year before, Eugene had published the first edition of Fundamentals of Ecology, the first textbook focused on the concept of the ‘ecosystem’. As they had refined their beliefs on ecology and systems thinking (while Eugene had been the primary author in the book, Howard T had contributed chapters to it), their time working at this test bomb site provided the foundation for both brothers and their belief around ecosystem energy. The coral reefs were described by the brothers as a steady-state system; it was their assessment that the coral reef system used most of the energy it consumed through photosynthesis to regulate the system. It would be the example that the brothers would point to of what a mature ecosystem looked like— self-regulating, self-maintaining, and a steady-state system. Both brothers would go on to study different ecosystems and each provided new data that the condition of stability was characteristic of all mature ecosystems.   To read about The Odum Brothers' contributions to history, check out the following substack for sources and further details: https://poorprolesalmanac.substack.com/p/the-odum-brothers   To support this podcast, join our patreon for early episode access at https://www.patreon.com/poorprolesalmanac For PPA Writing Content, visit: www.agroecologies.org For PPA Restoration Content, visit: www.restorationagroecology.com For PPA Merch, visit: www.poorproles.com For PPA Native Plants, visit: www.nativenurseries.org To hear Tomorrow, Today, our sister podcast, visit: www.tomorrowtodaypodcast.org/

Through a confluence of events I was connected with one of the elders of the tree crops world, Bob Seip, and was invited to his farm, buried in rural Pennsylvania. Bob, or Robert, depending on how you know him, has seen a lot at 94, and after walking around the property buried in a foot of snow, it became clear he didn’t feel remotely finished yet.   We gathered around his kitchen table, surrounded by recording equipment and dogs and bowls of cracked hickories and butternuts, outside of cell phone services, talking about 70 years of farming and memories of his contemporaries and the trees that covered his landscape. Upon arriving, Zach Elfers, a prior guest on the podcast, shared his own stories of Bob. Robert’s daughter, Emilie Swackhammer and her husband Scott joined us under the cocktail tree, a tree next to the home with countless grafts, some of which may be cultivars thought to have been lost. For everything Robert has forgotten, his wife Cindy remembers and candidly chimes in between making sure everyone is fed. There’s nothing quite like a conversation around a kitchen table about the things we are passionate about. This was a joy to share and I am incredibly indebted to the Seip family, as well as Zach & Carissa for sharing the moment with me. Of course, no good deed can go unpunished, as it goes, and after trekking offroad as the sun set to view some of the oldest planted trees on the property, my phone went missing and was only found by flashlight. Further, despite bringing backup recording gear, because of course when it’s the worst possible time for something to go wrong, it will, we still managed to have some audio issues. The most prominent issues are at the beginning of the episode, so please make it through the first few moments and it gets better. Read more about his farm here: https://www.lancasterfarming.com/farming-news/every-tree-tells-a-story-arborist-shares-the-history-behind-10-of-his-favorites/article_9fb7fb16-e238-11ed-8de0-4bc5a36bb310.html   To support this podcast, join our patreon for early episode access at https://www.patreon.com/poorprolesalmanac For PPA Writing Content, visit: www.agroecologies.org For PPA Restoration Content, visit: www.restorationagroecology.com For PPA Merch, visit: www.poorproles.com For PPA Native Plants, visit: www.nativenurseries.org To hear Tomorrow, Today, our sister podcast, visit: www.tomorrowtodaypodcast.org/

  This episode is a callback to an earlier episode on Tomorrow, Today, with Dr. Scott Cave. We chat about cemeteries, their unique place as third spaces, how they can be sources of community and radical ecology work, and more!   This is one of my favorites so if you didn't listen before, listen now! Check out Citizens Cemetery (now Citizen Botany) on Instagram at @CtznBotany To support this podcast, join our patreon for early episode access at https://www.patreon.com/poorprolesalmanac For PPA Writing Content, visit: www.agroecologies.org For PPA Restoration Content, visit: www.restorationagroecology.com For PPA Merch, visit: www.poorproles.com For PPA Native Plants, visit: www.nativenurseries.org To hear Tomorrow, Today, our sister podcast, visit: www.tomorrowtodaypodcast.org/

In this episode, we’re joined by Berivan & Anya from Defend Rojava. Berivan Omar is a Kurdish feminist activist and social ecologist who lives in Northeast Syria, and Anya Rebrii is an activist and author who is involved with the Emergency Committee for Rojava. They will be authoring a chapter in a book next year with AK Press titled “Rojava in Focus: Critical Dialogues” highlighting the successes and struggles the region has face since its autonomy.   We chat about the role agroecology has played so far in Rojava and the role it will continue to play as the region continues to grapple with the unique challenges it faces in the region. To learn more about the history and role of ecology in the region, check out the following links: Upcoming book chapter co-authored by Berivan and Anna: https://greenbeanbookspdx.indielite.org/book/9781849355728 Useful article on the movement’s philosophy and challenges on the ecological front: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpos.2021.815338 A recent article with the general overview of developments in Rojava: https://www.truthdig.com/articles/rojavas-improvised-revolution/  Book Make Rojava Green Again: https://files.libcom.org/files/make-rojava-green-again.pdf  Brochure Commitment to an ecological society in Rojava:  https://7f2d1cef-1300-4fc6-ac1a-9615070f599d.filesusr.com/ugd/7b1b38_b2a83cdecd4740ceaaabbc753d592e34.pdf  Emergency Committee for Rojava’s website: https://www.defendrojava.org/ Social media: @defendrojava Contact: [email protected]     To support this podcast, join our patreon for early episode access at https://www.patreon.com/poorprolesalmanac For PPA Writing Content, visit: www.agroecologies.org For PPA Restoration Content, visit: www.restorationagroecology.com For PPA Merch, visit: www.poorproles.com For PPA Native Plants, visit: www.nativenurseries.org To hear Tomorrow, Today, our sister podcast, visit: www.tomorrowtodaypodcast.org/

Part 2 of the Russell Lord story. Before Murray Bookchin, another man paired ecological health with societal health, Russell Lord. In this episode, we dive into Lord's early years and his exposure to sustainable agriculture. Heavily influenced by Liberty Hyde Bailey, Lord worked as a journalist and extension program educator to advocate for the needs of farmers across the country in the early 20th century. During this time, he made a number of crucial connections which would later catapult him to becoming a forgotten but incredibly important conduit for the permanent agriculture movement's success over a number of decades.   To read about Russell Lord's contributions to history, check out the following substack for sources and further details: hhttps://poorprolesalmanac.substack.com/p/russell-lord   To support this podcast, join our patreon for early episode access at https://www.patreon.com/poorprolesalmanac For PPA Writing Content, visit: www.agroecologies.org For PPA Restoration Content, visit: www.restorationagroecology.com For PPA Merch, visit: www.poorproles.com For PPA Native Plants, visit: www.nativenurseries.org To hear Tomorrow, Today, our sister podcast, visit: www.tomorrowtodaypodcast.org/

Before Murray Bookchin, another man paired ecological health with societal health, Russell Lord. In this episode, we dive into Lord's early years and his exposure to sustainable agriculture. Heavily influenced by Liberty Hyde Bailey, Lord worked as a journalist and extension program educator to advocate for the needs of farmers across the country in the early 20th century. During this time, he made a number of crucial connections which would later catapult him to becoming a forgotten but incredibly important conduit for the permanent agriculture movement's success over a number of decades.   To read about Russell Lord's contributions to history, check out the following substack for sources and further details: hhttps://poorprolesalmanac.substack.com/p/russell-lord   To support this podcast, join our patreon for early episode access at https://www.patreon.com/poorprolesalmanac For PPA Writing Content, visit: www.agroecologies.org For PPA Restoration Content, visit: www.restorationagroecology.com For PPA Merch, visit: www.poorproles.com For PPA Native Plants, visit: www.nativenurseries.org To hear Tomorrow, Today, our sister podcast, visit: www.tomorrowtodaypodcast.org/

In 1946, Paul Sears took the stage at the “Food & the Future” Conference to deliver a new vision of agriculture from a global, ecological perspective. In this speech, on the heels of World War 2, he credited Darwin & Kropotkin for providing a biological framework for the ethics humanity needed in order to make sense of what seemed like an unravelling world. Sears told his audience that “Our responsibility now has two facets—we are custodians of ourselves and our environment as well. We did not make and cannot change the laws under which we must work, but at least we can understand them.” The early 1940s had proven to be a time of maturation for the permanent agriculture movement, as the science and ethic of ecology had emerged as the central component of permanent agriculture.    How did it lose its momentum going into World War 2, and how did that impact the rise of the movements we see today in regards to alternatives to conventional agriculture?     To read about this unique period in history, check out the following substack for sources and further details: https://poorprolesalmanac.substack.com/p/the-20th-century-permanent-agriculture   To support this podcast, join our patreon for early episode access at https://www.patreon.com/poorprolesalmanac For PPA Writing Content, visit: www.agroecologies.org For PPA Restoration Content, visit: www.restorationagroecology.com For PPA Merch, visit: www.poorproles.com For PPA Native Plants, visit: www.nativenurseries.org To hear Tomorrow, Today, our sister podcast, visit: www.tomorrowtodaypodcast.org/  

Did you know that one time the United States almost accidentally stopped climate change and became a leading global force in defense of ecology? A unique confluence of events came together and presented an opportunity for the United States to protect itself and concurrently its soils as well. In the 1930s, the permanent agriculture movement gained an advocate in the White House in the name Franklin D Roosevelt. It allowed some of the most radical policies to unfold in American agricultural history, but not without hiccups. In this episode, we chat about the explosion of the movement, as well as some of the darker undercurrents that tied progressive agricultural practices with racism and feudalisim.   To read about this unique period in history, check out the following substack for sources and further details: https://poorprolesalmanac.substack.com/p/the-20th-century-permanent-agriculture   To support this podcast, join our patreon for early episode access at https://www.patreon.com/poorprolesalmanac For PPA Writing Content, visit: www.agroecologies.org For PPA Restoration Content, visit: www.restorationagroecology.com For PPA Merch, visit: www.poorproles.com For PPA Native Plants, visit: www.nativenurseries.org To hear Tomorrow, Today, our sister podcast, visit: www.tomorrowtodaypodcast.org/  

Did you know that one time the United States almost accidentally stopped climate change and became a leading global force in defense of ecology? A unique confluence of events came together and presented an opportunity for the United States to protect itself and concurrently its soils as well. We talk about the lead-up to this movement under the FDR administration and the players involved in the development of the resources for this unique opportunity.   To read about this unique period in history, check out the following substack for sources and further details: https://poorprolesalmanac.substack.com/p/the-20th-century-permanent-agriculture To support this podcast, join our patreon for early episode access at https://www.patreon.com/poorprolesalmanac  For PPA Writing Content, visit: www.agroecologies.org For PPA Restoration Content, visit: www.restorationagroecology.com For PPA Merch, visit: www.poorproles.com For PPA Native Plants, visit: www.nativenurseries.org To hear Tomorrow, Today, our sister podcast, visit: www.tomorrowtodaypodcast.org/  

John Hershey and in particular the Downingtown Food Forest are pointed to as examples of what the tree crop and permanent agriculture movement can create, given the opportunity. That said, very little about John Hershey the man has been written or compiled, despite ample writing and close relationship with folks like J. Russell Smith. In this episode, we dive into John Hershey's story and contextualize his lasting legacy: the Downingtown Forest and the tree crops that are tied to this landscape.   Check out the corresponding substack article for resources, citations, and more information! https://poorprolesalmanac.substack.com/p/john-w-hershey  To support this podcast, join our patreon for early episode access at https://www.patreon.com/poorprolesalmanac  For PPA Writing Content, visit: www.agroecologies.org For PPA Restoration Content, visit: www.restorationagroecology.com For PPA Merch, visit: www.poorproles.com For PPA Native Plants, visit: www.nativenurseries.org To hear Tomorrow, Today, our sister podcast, visit: www.tomorrowtodaypodcast.org/  

J. Russell Smith might be the most well-known figure in history in regards to tree crops in North America— largely because of his book “Tree Crops: A Permanent Agriculture”, which has been a foundational text for many people in permaculture and agroecological spaces. While this book is worthwhile for any novice and experienced horticulturalist to read, his work expands much further than this one book. In fact, his successes and imprint on industries for generations were so expansive, often working on international or groundbreaking projects in different fields concurrently, instead of organizing this piece on a linear timeline, it will be much easier to understand by clustering in the fields of academic, geography & industry, youth public education, food systems, conservation, and food production.   In this episode, we dive into the second half of the life of ecologist and tree crops specialist J. Russell Smith.   Check out the corresponding substack article for resources, citations, and more information! https://poorprolesalmanac.substack.com/p/j-russell-smith  To support this podcast, join our patreon for early episode access at https://www.patreon.com/poorprolesalmanac  For PPA Writing Content, visit: www.agroecologies.org For PPA Restoration Content, visit: www.restorationagroecology.com For PPA Merch, visit: www.poorproles.com For PPA Native Plants, visit: www.nativenurseries.org To hear Tomorrow, Today, our sister podcast, visit: www.tomorrowtodaypodcast.org/  

J. Russell Smith might be the most well-known figure in history in regards to tree crops in North America— largely because of his book “Tree Crops: A Permanent Agriculture”, which has been a foundational text for many people in permaculture and agroecological spaces. While this book is worthwhile for any novice and experienced horticulturalist to read, his work expands much further than this one book. In fact, his successes and imprint on industries for generations were so expansive, often working on international or groundbreaking projects in different fields concurrently, instead of organizing this piece on a linear timeline, it will be much easier to understand by clustering in the fields of academic, geography & industry, youth public education, food systems, conservation, and food production.   In this episode, we dive into the second half of the life of a botanist that should be known by everyone listening to this podcast-- Liberty Hyde Bailey. Liberty Hyde Bailey is likely a name many folks are familiar with, but the depth of knowledge of his significance remains fairly thin. A cursory search online highlights various facets of his career— his work in pomology, his defense of rural living and communities, and his importance in the re-discovery of Mendel’s work on recessive traits. While all of these are important, they simply scratch the surface of what Bailey has contributed to numerous fields of science and philosophy and miss the larger vision that motivated Bailey.   Check out the corresponding substack article for resources, citations, and more information! https://poorprolesalmanac.substack.com/p/j-russell-smith  To support this podcast, join our patreon for early episode access at https://www.patreon.com/poorprolesalmanac  For PPA Writing Content, visit: www.agroecologies.org For PPA Restoration Content, visit: www.restorationagroecology.com For PPA Merch, visit: www.poorproles.com For PPA Native Plants, visit: www.nativenurseries.org To hear Tomorrow, Today, our sister podcast, visit: www.tomorrowtodaypodcast.org/  

In this episode, we dive into the second half of the life of a botanist that should be known by everyone listening to this podcast-- Liberty Hyde Bailey. Liberty Hyde Bailey is likely a name many folks are familiar with, but the depth of knowledge of his significance remains fairly thin. A cursory search online highlights various facets of his career— his work in pomology, his defense of rural living and communities, and his importance in the re-discovery of Mendel’s work on recessive traits. While all of these are important, they simply scratch the surface of what Bailey has contributed to numerous fields of science and philosophy and miss the larger vision that motivated Bailey.   Check out the corresponding substack article for resources, citations, and more information! https://poorprolesalmanac.substack.com/p/liberty-hyde-bailey To support this podcast, join our patreon for early episode access at https://www.patreon.com/poorprolesalmanac  For PPA Writing Content, visit: www.agroecologies.org For PPA Restoration Content, visit: www.restorationagroecology.com For PPA Merch, visit: www.poorproles.com For PPA Native Plants, visit: www.nativenurseries.org To hear Tomorrow, Today, our sister podcast, visit: www.tomorrowtodaypodcast.org/  

In this episode, we dive into the history of a botanist that should be known by everyone listening to this podcast-- Liberty Hyde Bailey. Liberty Hyde Bailey is likely a name many folks are familiar with, but the depth of knowledge of his significance remains fairly thin. A cursory search online highlights various facets of his career— his work in pomology, his defense of rural living and communities, and his importance in the re-discovery of Mendel’s work on recessive traits. While all of these are important, they simply scratch the surface of what Bailey has contributed to numerous fields of science and philosophy and miss the larger vision that motivated Bailey.   Check out the corresponding substack article for resources, citations, and more information! https://poorprolesalmanac.substack.com/p/liberty-hyde-bailey To support this podcast, join our patreon for early episode access at https://www.patreon.com/poorprolesalmanac  For PPA Writing Content, visit: www.agroecologies.org For PPA Restoration Content, visit: www.restorationagroecology.com For PPA Merch, visit: www.poorproles.com For PPA Native Plants, visit: www.nativenurseries.org To hear Tomorrow, Today, our sister podcast, visit: www.tomorrowtodaypodcast.org/  

When we talk about the major figures in agricultural development, our focus tends to be on researchers in the 20th and 21st centuries. Before that, soil science to that point had existed as it needed to; fundamentals of crop rotation manure, compost, and the basic tools known in agriculture for thousands of years stood as a framework for how farmers related to the soil beneath them. One of the earliest contributors to the development of soil science as a science beyond these basics outlined prior was Franklin Hiram King. His book, “Farmers of Forty Centuries, or Permanent Agriculture in China, Korea, and Japan”, published in 1913 was the antidote to the development of extractive farming practices which had become more common towards the late 19th and early 20th century and was a foundational text for folks like Russell Lord and many of the major players in the permanent agriculture movement of the early 20th century. King’s work flew in the face of science at the time, costing him a career he had spent a lifetime building, but which was imperative in order for him to continue to follow the thread of his research.   In this episode, we dive into the beginning of our new series exploring the origins and evolution of permanent agriculture and where the popular movements of today sprang from (permaculture, agrecology, organics, biodynamics). To understand these narratives, we go back to the beginning of American soil science and the father of the movement, Franklin Hiram King. King's life has largely been lost to history, but we take some time to unpack what we do know in order to contextualize how our understanding of ecology and soil health was born.     Check out the corresponding substack article for resources, citations, and more information! https://poorprolesalmanac.substack.com/p/franklin-hiram-king  To support this podcast, join our patreon for early episode access at https://www.patreon.com/poorprolesalmanac  For PPA Writing Content, visit: www.agroecologies.org For PPA Restoration Content, visit: www.restorationagroecology.com For PPA Merch, visit: www.poorproles.com For PPA Native Plants, visit: www.nativenurseries.org To hear Tomorrow, Today, our sister podcast, visit: www.tomorrowtodaypodcast.org/  

Renowned forager and chef Hank Shaw joins us to discuss foodways, invasives, the impacts of culture on our cuisine, and how we can change the narrative around local foods. We spend some time talking about how pollution and abundance can influence how we perceive different food choices and what we can do to build better, locally-driven food systems. Hank Shaw is an American chef, author, and outdoorsman who runs the wild foods website Hunter Angler Gardener Cook. He is the author of five books Hunt Gather Cook, Duck Duck Goose, Buck Buck Moose, Pheasant Quail Cottontail and Hook Line and Supper, all wild game cookbooks. Hank has appeared on numerous television shows, including Andrew Zimmern’s Bizarre Foods.., Mike Rowe’s Somebody’s Gotta Do It, Steven Rinella’s Meateater, and Randy Newberg’s Fresh Tracks. Check out Hank's work at huntgathercook.com & find him on Instagram @Huntgathercook To support this podcast, join our patreon for early episode access at https://www.patreon.com/poorprolesalmanac  For PPA Writing Content, visit: www.agroecologies.org For PPA Restoration Content, visit: www.restorationagroecology.com For PPA Merch, visit: www.poorproles.com For PPA Native Plants, visit: www.nativenurseries.org To hear Tomorrow, Today, our sister podcast, visit: www.tomorrowtodaypodcast.org/  

The butternut walnut is arguably the least known nut tree across eastern North America. Often called the white walnut or the oil nut, it grows throughout the northeastern United States. Once a prized tree for furniture-making, carving, and boats, as well as the delicious nuts, it’s mostly been lost to history today. Unfortunately, its story is similar to the American Chestnut. Butternut Canker Disease (caused by the fungus Ophiognomonia clavigignenti-juglandacearum), was first discovered in the 1960’s (although it may have been in American forests earlier) and has slowly decimated butternut populations across the country, with few regions to the north still showing little signs of butternut canker. In this episode, we review this history of the butternut, the problems with hybridizing it, and the future of the butternut in North America!   Check out the corresponding substack article for resources, citations, and more information! https://poorprolesalmanac.substack.com/p/the-forgotten-butternut   To support this podcast, join our patreon for early episode access at https://www.patreon.com/poorprolesalmanac  For PPA Writing Content, visit: www.agroecologies.org For PPA Restoration Content, visit: www.restorationagroecology.com For PPA Merch, visit: www.poorproles.com For PPA Native Plants, visit: www.nativenurseries.org To hear Tomorrow, Today, our sister podcast, visit: www.tomorrowtodaypodcast.org/  

In this episode, we're joined by author and historian Katy Morlas Shannon to discuss her book "Antoine of Oak Alley". The story of Antoine is emblematic of countless enslaved people whose lives and contributions have been overlooked. Antoine, the enslaved gardener of Oak Alley Plantation, was one of the first people to successfully propagate the pecan tree, yet he exists only as a footnote in the bigger story of Oak Alley Plantation. His pioneering work enabled large groves of trees to be planted creating a lucrative commercial crops and though his horticultural achievement has long been legend, virtually nothing is known about his life. In this episode, we chat about how we reconstruct these types of histories and how we engage with these complicated stories from a vastly different time. Check out Katy's work and other books at: https://www.katymshannon.com/   Check out the corresponding substack article for resources, citations, and more information! https://poorprolesalmanac.substack.com/p/pecans   To support this podcast, join our patreon for early episode access at https://www.patreon.com/poorprolesalmanac  For PPA Writing Content, visit: www.agroecologies.org For PPA Restoration Content, visit: www.restorationagroecology.com For PPA Merch, visit: www.poorproles.com For PPA Native Plants, visit: www.nativenurseries.org To hear Tomorrow, Today, our sister podcast, visit: www.tomorrowtodaypodcast.org/  

Nearly every person reading this has tasted the pecan, a marked difference from every other tree crop subject we have covered so far in this series. Pecans are without a doubt the most successful native commercial nut crop in North America, but what most folks don’t know is that this status is a relatively new phenomenon. In fact, unlike the other tree crops we’ve covered so far, the pecan has debatably had the least amount of human interference of any nut crop in North America. In many ways, the pecan was for generations the definition of what a sustainable, passive native agroforestry system could look like to feed communities healthy food with minimal inputs. In this episode, we jump into the complex history of the pecan, from its indigenous use to its first grafting by an enslaved man named Antoine to the role the government played in making it a staple across grocery shelves throughout the world.   Check out the corresponding substack article for resources, citations, and more information! https://poorprolesalmanac.substack.com/p/pecans   To support this podcast, join our patreon for early episode access at https://www.patreon.com/poorprolesalmanac  For PPA Writing Content, visit: www.agroecologies.org For PPA Restoration Content, visit: www.restorationagroecology.com For PPA Merch, visit: www.poorproles.com For PPA Native Plants, visit: www.nativenurseries.org To hear Tomorrow, Today, our sister podcast, visit: www.tomorrowtodaypodcast.org/    

Unlock the secrets to cultivating nut trees in the unforgiving cold climates of central Vermont with Buzz Ferver of A Perfect Circle Farm. In this episode, we promise you'll gain insights into Buzz's journey of overcoming skepticism to successfully grow a diverse range of edible nut trees and shrubs. Discover the meticulous process Buzz employs to select resilient plant genetics, inspired by historical tree crop pioneers, and learn how his dedication has led to the development of hardy seedlings capable of withstanding harsh weather conditions. Experience the challenges and triumphs of nursery bed management through Buzz's innovative techniques for identifying and nurturing vigorous tree varieties, particularly persimmons. With a focus on adaptability and cold resistance, Buzz shares the trials and successes of finding standout cultivars like Granger and Hess. You'll be intrigued by the unique methods Buzz employs in nursery bed preparation and rootstock selection, which prioritize healthy root systems and weed management without herbicides, all while embracing sustainable agricultural practices. Join us as Buzz reveals the fascinating dynamics between grafted oaks and wildlife interactions, offering a glimpse into his endeavors with oaks like Dale's Giant and sweet varieties such as Ashworth and Hershey. Buzz also delves into his strategies for maintaining a social media presence to engage with the community, illustrating the importance of support in his agricultural journey. This episode offers a compelling look at how one farmer's passion and commitment to his craft are shaping the future of sustainable, cold-climate agriculture. Buzz has worked for 30 years as a consultant to farming operations on every scale, designing and developing on-farm composting as appropriate technology. Buzz has been managing a nursery for tree crops for a decade, and has developed a unique collection of improved native crops as well as some non-native species. In our interview, he mentions a hard-to-find book around tree selections, check out the link below for a free copy: https://www.songonline.ca/songnews/nutgrowing.html Check out Buzz's nursery at perfectcircle.farm To support this podcast, join our patreon for early episode access at https://www.patreon.com/poorprolesalmanac For PPA Writing Content, visit: www.agroecologies.org For PPA Restoration Content, visit: www.restorationagroecology.com For PPA Merch, visit: www.poorproles.com For PPA Native Plants, visit: www.nativenurseries.org To hear Tomorrow, Today, our sister podcast, visit: www.tomorrowtodaypodcast.org/ Key Words: Nut Trees, Cold Climate, Central Vermont, Buzz Ferver, A Perfect Circle Farm, Edible, Skepticism, Resilient Plant Genetics, Historical Tree Crop Pioneers, Hardy Seedlings, Harsh Weather Conditions, Nursery Bed Management, Persimmons, Adaptability, Cold Resistance, Granger, Hess, Nursery Bed Preparation, Rootstock Selection, Sustainable Agricultural Practices, Grafted Oaks, Wildlife Interactions, Dale's Giant, Ashworth, Hershey, Social Media Presence, Community Engagement, Sustainable Agriculture, Cold-Climate Agriculture, Farm Cultivar Selection, Nursery Bed Management Techniques, Nursery Bed Preparation and Efficiency, Nursery Bed Management and Rootstock Selection, Exploring Tree Crop Selection and Outreach, Colorful Home Furnishings, Community Investment

If the oak tree is the tree that fed the world, Hickories are the tree that helped humans thrive in North America. Across eastern North America until only 300 or so years ago, hickories were the staple crop consumed most commonly. Like the oaks, their mast years drove the successes of communities, and even until recently, there were records of thin-shelled hickories that were likely planted and protected by indigenous people. To eat a hickory nut is to taste thousands of years of history on the continent. For the uninitiated, hickory nuts are a treat; they can mostly similarly be compared to pecans, which is unsurprising given that they are so closely related they can interbreed (and hicans are an area of breeding worth exploring for several reasons). Hickories, specifically from shagbark hickories, have a subtle, maple flavor which underscores the pecan-esque flavor. The hard part is getting to the nut itself. While we call hickories and pecans nuts, they are referred to as drupes or drupaceous nuts rather than true botanical nuts because they grow within an outer husk. The scientific term, tryma, is how these unique types of fruits are classified. This can seem confusing at first, but if we consider the husk as an inedible fruit and the nuts the pit, they’re much easier to understand and categorize. In this episode, we dive into the history of hickories, their misunderstood use on the landscape, why folks should care a whole lot more about them, and what the future of the hickory is on the American landscape! Check out the corresponding substack article for resources, citations, and more information! https://poorprolesalmanac.substack.com/p/hickories?utm_source=profile&utm_medium=reader2 To support this podcast, join our patreon for early episode access at https://www.patreon.com/poorprolesalmanac  For PPA Writing Content, visit: www.agroecologies.org For PPA Restoration Content, visit: www.restorationagroecology.com For PPA Merch, visit: www.poorproles.com For PPA Native Plants, visit: www.nativenurseries.org To hear Tomorrow, Today, our sister podcast, visit: www.tomorrowtodaypodcast.org/  

Join us on a captivating exploration into the world of hazelnut cultivation with Dr. Thomas Molnar from Rutgers University, a leading figure in the hazelnut breeding program. Guided serendipitously into this field under the mentorship of Dr. Funk, Dr. Molnar shares his journey from turfgrass to nut tree breeding and unveils the rich history and nutritional benefits of hazelnuts. We unravel the complexities of tackling Eastern Filbert Blight and clarify misconceptions surrounding its impact on both native and European hazelnut varieties. Embark on a 25-year journey of innovation and patience as we uncover the intricate process of developing new hazelnut cultivars like Raritan, the Beast, Somerset, and Hunterdin. Dr. Molnar sheds light on the challenges faced in breeding plants for diverse climates and the promise of hazelnuts as a viable crop for the Northeast. Through collaborations with local chefs and bakers, these fresh and flavorful nuts are making their mark on the market, fueling optimism for their future role in agriculture. As hazelnuts emerge as a high-value agricultural product, we explore their potential across diverse climates and consumer demands. From their use in candies and pastes to the promise of oil production, these nuts offer an exciting opportunity for both traditional and non-traditional farmers. Discover the collaborative efforts among renowned universities and institutions, aiming to identify adaptable hazelnut varieties for various environments, ensuring their success in future food systems. With a focus on sustainability and innovation, hazelnuts are poised to become a staple in local agriculture. Thomas Molnar received his PhD from Rutgers University in 2006. He is currently an Associate Professor in the Plant Biology Department of the Rutgers University School of Environmental and Biological Sciences (New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA). His research program concentrates on the genetic improvement and study of hazelnuts (Corylus) and large-bracted dogwoods (Cornus). Part of this work includes germplasm exploration, collection, and evaluation. A major aspect of his current research is developing and characterizing genetic resistance to eastern filbert blight, a fungal disease which is the primary limiting factor of hazelnut production in the eastern North America. Check out the Rutgers Hazelnut research program at: https://research.rutgers.edu/agricultural-products/hazelnuts For sources, transcripts, and to read more about this subject, visit: www.agroecologies.org To support this podcast, join our patreon for early, commercial-free episode access at https://www.patreon.com/poorprolesalmanac For PPA Writing Content, visit: www.agroecologies.org For PPA Restoration Content, visit: www.restorationagroecology.com For PPA Merch, visit: www.poorproles.com For PPA Native Plants, visit: www.nativenurseries.org To hear Tomorrow, Today, our sister podcast, visit: www.tomorrowtodaypodcast.org/ Key Words: Hazelnut Cultivation, Dr. Thomas Molnar, Rutgers University, Hazelnut Breeding Program, Eastern Filbert Blight, Nut Tree Breeding, Hazelnut Varieties, Hazelnut Production, Hazelnut Cultivar Selection, Hazelnut Disease Resistance, Hazelnut Research, Hazelnut Market, Hazelnut Oil Production, Hazelnut Consumption, Sustainable Agriculture, Hazelnut Collaborations, Hazelnut Germplasm, Hazelnut Testing, Hazelnut Legacy Project