This lecture discusses key ideas from the ancient philosopher Aristotle's work of moral theory, the Nicomachean Ethics. Specifically it focuses on his discussion in book 7 about the moral values - good or bad - of varieties of pleasures. Not all pleasures are the same in this respect. Aristotle distinguishes between pleasures (and pains) that have different values, examines the relationship between goodness absolutely and goodness for a particular person, and also discusses the "restorative" pleasures. To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM You can find over 2000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler Purchase Aristotle's Nicomachean Ethics - amzn.to/30S00ZT

This lecture discusses key ideas from the ancient philosopher Aristotle's work of moral theory, the Nicomachean Ethics. Specifically it focuses on his discussion about why bodily pleasures are particularly desirable for the majority of human beings. He makes an argument that will later be reappropriated by John Stuart Mill in Utilitarianism, namely that bodily pleasures are those which most people are familiar with. He also distinguishes between more noble and more base pleasures, and discusses some "necessary" pleasures. To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM You can find over 2000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler Purchase Aristotle's Nicomachean Ethics - amzn.to/30S00ZT

This lecture discusses key ideas from the ancient philosopher Aristotle's work of moral theory, the Nicomachean Ethics. Specifically it focuses on passages early on in book 7, where he distinguishes and (at least for some of them) discusses six distinct moral states or conditions: superhuman virtue, virtue, self-control, lack of self-control, vice, and brutality. To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM You can find over 2000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler Purchase Aristotle's Nicomachean Ethics - amzn.to/30S00ZT

This lecture discusses key ideas from the ancient philosopher Aristotle's work of moral theory, the Nicomachean Ethics. Specifically it focuses on his discussion in book 7 about a good moral state, self-control or self-restraint (enkrateia). A person who is self-controlled knows what the right or good thing to do is, and does that, but has to struggle against their desire to do something else. This is the state opposed to akrasia, or lack/loss of self-control. Self-control is not the same state as moral virtue (arete), but is similar to it in that the person who is self-controlled does what a virtuous person does, but with a different motivation. To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM You can find over 2000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler Purchase Aristotle's Nicomachean Ethics - amzn.to/30S00ZT

This lecture discusses key ideas from the ancient philosopher Aristotle's work of moral theory, the Nicomachean Ethics. Specifically it focuses focuses on Aristotle's Nicomachean Ethics book 7, and examines the difference between self-restraint or control - which is a good moral state - and obstinacy or stubbornness. People who are obstinate are difficult to convince or persuade, and it is not because they actually know or understand the good and rationally stick with it against resistance or temptation. Instead, they actually resist reason, and are motivated by a desire to win or to be right, and the pleasure or not having to change their views. To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM You can find over 2000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler Purchase Aristotle's Nicomachean Ethics - amzn.to/30S00ZT

This lecture discusses key ideas from the ancient philosopher Aristotle's work of moral theory, the Nicomachean Ethics. Specifically it focuses focuses on Aristotle's Nicomachean Ethics book 7, and examines his discussion in book 7 about two states analogous to self-control (enkrateia) and lack/loss of self-control (akrasia) but dealing with aversion to pain, rather than desire for pleasure - endurance (karteia) and softness (malakia). To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM You can find over 2000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler Purchase Aristotle's Nicomachean Ethics - amzn.to/30S00ZT

This lecture discusses key ideas from the ancient philosopher Aristotle's work of moral theory, the Nicomachean Ethics. Specifically it focuses on Aristotle's Nicomachean Ethics book 7, and examines his discussion in book 7 about the moral state called "theriotes" in Greek, typically translated as "brutality" or "bestiality" in English. This is a condition in which the higher, rational, part of the person is not just corrupted (as is the case in vice), but is either not present or not working in any significant sense, reducing the person to the level of animality. Aristotle discusses how this differs from vice, some of the causes and manifestations of brutality, as well as what he calls "morbid dispositions" as a sub-class of these. To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM You can find over 2000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler Purchase Aristotle's Nicomachean Ethics - amzn.to/30S00ZT

This lecture discusses key ideas from the ancient philosopher Aristotle's work of moral theory, the Nicomachean Ethics. Specifically it focuses focuses on Aristotle's Nicomachean Ethics book 7, and examines his discussion in book 7 about the practical syllogism - a topic that remains murky and rather underdeveloped in Aristotle's work as a whole (and an object of controversy within the secondary literature). To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM You can find over 2000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler Purchase Aristotle's Nicomachean Ethics - amzn.to/30S00ZT

This lecture discusses key ideas from the ancient philosopher Aristotle's work of moral theory, the Nicomachean Ethics. Specifically it focuses focuses on Aristotle's Nicomachean Ethics book 7, and examines his discussion in book 7 about whether a qualified forms of akrasia (lack or loss of self-control) stemming from anger (thumos) is better than akrasia proper, which has to do with lack or loss of self-control when faced with desire for physical pleasures. Aristotle does in fact think akrasia due to anger to be morally better than akrasia per se, for several reasons. Anger is more open than desires for pleasure. Anger is also more closely connected to rationality. He also thinks that it is a more natural feeling for a person to be affected by. And, a person who acts in anger feels pain, not just pleasure. To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM You can find over 2000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler Purchase Aristotle's Nicomachean Ethics - amzn.to/30S00ZT

This lecture discusses key ideas from the ancient philosopher Aristotle's work of moral theory, the Nicomachean Ethics. Specifically it focuses focuses on Aristotle's Nicomachean Ethics book 7, and examines his discussion in book 7 about qualified forms of akrasia (lack or loss of self-control). Akrasia proper has to do with lack or loss of self-control when faced with desire for physical pleasures. Qualified forms of akrasia have to do with other goods, desires for which can cause a person to do what they know is wrong or bad. Some of those goods are family, winning/success, honor or social status, and retribution. To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM You can find over 2000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler Purchase Aristotle's Nicomachean Ethics - amzn.to/30S00ZT

This lecture discusses key ideas from the ancient philosopher Aristotle's work of moral theory, the Nicomachean Ethics. Specifically it focuses focuses on Aristotle's Nicomachean Ethics book 7, and examines the connection between knowledge or opinion about the good and akrasia (lack or loss of self control). Is it possible for a person to do what they know or think to be something bad or wrong? A lack or loss of self-control would seem to imply that one does on some level understand the moral value of the choice or action the person engages in. But, what kind of knowledge could this be? To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM You can find over 2000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler Purchase Aristotle's Nicomachean Ethics - amzn.to/30S00ZT

This lecture discusses key ideas from the ancient philosopher Aristotle's work of moral theory, the Nicomachean Ethics. Specifically it focuses focuses on Aristotle's Nicomachean Ethics book 7, and examines his discussion of lack of self control, called in Greek "akrasia". He discusses how this lack of self-control can take place, and whether it involves knowing something to be bad or wrong and nevertheless choosing it. To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM You can find over 2000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler Purchase Aristotle's Nicomachean Ethics - amzn.to/30S00ZT

This lecture discusses key ideas from the medieval Christin philosopher and theologian Thomas Aquinas's work, the Summa Theologiae, First Part of the Second Part, question 46 "On Anger". It focuses specifically on determining how many types of anger there are. Thomas follows what he takes Aristotle to be claiming, and that John Damscene does claim, namely that there are three main types of anger. To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM You can find over 2000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler Purchase Thomas Aquinas' Summa Theologiae - https://amzn.to/2ITcKYQ

This lecture discusses key ideas from the medieval Christin philosopher and theologian Thomas Aquinas's work, the Summa Theologiae, First Part of the Second Part, question 46 "On Anger". It focuses specifically on the question whether anger or hatred is a more serious matter. In discussing this, Thomas makes some important distinctions between the two emotions To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM You can find over 2000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler Purchase Thomas Aquinas' Summa Theologiae - https://amzn.to/2ITcKYQ

This lecture discusses key ideas from the medieval Christin philosopher and theologian Thomas Aquinas's work, the Summa Theologiae, First Part of the Second Part, question 46 "On Anger". It focuses specifically on what the objects of anger and justice are, and whether they are the same or different. To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM You can find over 2000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler Purchase Thomas Aquinas' Summa Theologiae - https://amzn.to/2ITcKYQ

This lecture discusses key ideas from the medieval Christin philosopher and theologian Thomas Aquinas's work, the Summa Theologiae, First Part of the Second Part, question 46 "On Anger" (and a bit of question 48 as well) It focuses specifically on the relationship between the emotion of anger and the human capacity for reason and rationality. Does anger involve reason, and does anger interfere with reason are two of the questions Thomas examine To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM You can find over 2000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler Purchase Thomas Aquinas' Summa Theologiae - https://amzn.to/2ITcKYQ

This lecture discusses key ideas from the medieval Christian philosopher and theologian Thomas Aquinas's work, the Summa Theologiae, First Part of the Second Part, question 46 "On Anger". It focuses specifically on whether the object of anger is goodness (bonum), badness (malum), or both. Anger is also compared to other emotions in terms of its object. To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM You can find over 2000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler Purchase Thomas Aquinas' Summa Theologiae - https://amzn.to/2ITcKYQ

This lecture discusses key ideas from the medieval Christin philosopher and theologian Thomas Aquinas's work, the Summa Theologiae, First Part of the Second Part, question 46 "On Anger". It focuses specifically on whether anger is a general (passion generalis) or specific emotion (passion specialis). Anger is, as Thomas points out, a particularly complex emotion, involving other emotional responses. To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM You can find over 2000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler Purchase Thomas Aquinas' Summa Theologiae - https://amzn.to/2ITcKYQ

This lecture discusses key ideas from the ancient doxographer Diogenes Laertes' Lives of the Philosophers book 6, The Life of Aristippus It focuses specifically on the philosopher Theodoras' reinterpretation of the key ideas, doctrines, and concerns of Cyrenaic ethics. To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM You can find over 2000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler Purchase Diogenes Laertes Lives of the Philosophers - https://amzn.to/3IfUBA4

This lecture discusses key ideas from the ancient doxographer Diogenes Laertes' Lives of the Philosophers book 6, The Life of Aristippus It focuses specifically on the philosopher Hegesias' reinterpretation of the key ideas, doctrines, and concerns of Cyrenaic ethics. To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM You can find over 2000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler Purchase Diogenes Laertes Lives of the Philosophers - https://amzn.to/3IfUBA4

This lecture discusses key ideas from the ancient doxographer Diogenes Laertes' Lives of the Philosophers book 2, The Life of Aristippus It focuses specifically on how Aristippus and the Cyrenaics viewed the figure of the "sage" or wise person, how they understood happiness, and where virtue and the virtues figure into the good life. To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM You can find over 2000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler Purchase Diogenes Laertes Lives of the Philosophers - https://amzn.to/3IfUBA4

This lecture discusses key ideas from the ancient doxographer Diogenes Laertes' Lives of the Philosophers book 6, The Life of Aristippus It focuses specifically on Aristippus' teaching about the centrality of pleasures and pains in moral decision-making and the good life. It also discusses how the Cyrenaics classified and valued different pleasures and pains. To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM You can find over 2000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler Purchase Diogenes Laertes Lives of the Philosophers - https://amzn.to/3IfUBA4

This lecture discusses key ideas from the ancient doxographer Diogenes Laertes' Lives of the Philosophers book 6, The Life of Aristippus It focuses specifically on the lifestyle, mindset, and priorities of Aristippus, displayed in his choices and actions. Philosophy made it possible for him to feel at ease in any situations, and to adopt the right attitudes towards wealth, power, and those who possess them To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM You can find over 2000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler Purchase Diogenes Laertes Lives of the Philosophers - https://amzn.to/3IfUBA4

This lecture discusses key ideas from the ancient Stoic philosopher Seneca's work, On Anger, book 1 It focuses specifically on his views on the relationship between anger and punishment. Seneca rejects the claim that anger is required in order to punish rightly. He also sets out a conception of punishment as primarily about healing the offender and protecting others. To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM You can find over 2000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler Purchase Seneca's On Anger - https://amzn.to/3smh6M8

This lecture discusses key ideas from the ancient Stoic philosopher Seneca's work, On Anger, book 1 It focuses specifically on his criticisms of the often-made claim that anger is needed in order to defend other people close to one, including parents, children, spouses, friends, and neighbors To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM You can find over 2000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler Purchase Seneca's On Anger - https://amzn.to/3smh6M8

This lecture discusses key ideas from the ancient Stoic philosopher Seneca's work, On Anger, book 1 It focuses specifically on the issue of how the emotion of anger and reason or rationality are related to each other. Seneca, as a Stoic, thinks that when the human mind is affected by anger, that keeps it from being rational, and he notes a number of differences between what anger does and what reason does. To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM You can find over 2000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler Purchase Seneca's On Anger - https://amzn.to/3smh6M8

This lecture discusses key ideas from the ancient Stoic philosopher Seneca's work, On Anger, book 1 It focuses specifically on his criticisms of the argument made in ancient times (and in our own) that anger can be a useful ally for virtue or reason, providing us with needed energy or resolve. To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM You can find over 2000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler Purchase Seneca's On Anger - https://amzn.to/3smh6M8

This lecture discusses key ideas from the ancient Stoic philosopher Seneca's work, On Anger, book 1 It focuses specifically on the question whether anger is or is not "in accordance with nature" (secundum naturum), which Seneca here interprets in a common Stoic way, as in accordance with a fully developed human nature. To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM You can find over 2000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler Purchase Seneca's On Anger - https://amzn.to/3smh6M8

This lecture discusses key ideas from the ancient Stoic philosopher Seneca's work, On Anger, book 1 It focuses specifically on the definitions of anger he considers at the beginning of the work. These include: Anger is a brief madness (some "wise people") Anger is the desire to take vengeance for a wrong Anger is the desire to punish the person by whom you reckon you were unjustly harmed (Posidonius) Anger is the arousal of the mind to harm the person who has either harmed oneself or wished to do so Anger is the desire to return pain for pain (Aristotle) To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM You can find over 2000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler Purchase Seneca's On Anger - https://amzn.to/3smh6M8

This lecture discusses key ideas from the modern empiricist philosopher David Hume' Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding It focuses specifically on the passages that are sometimes called "Hume's Fork", which run: "If we take in our hand any volume; of divinity or school metaphysics, for instance; let us ask, Does it contain any abstract reasoning concerning quantity or number? No. Does it contain any experimental reasoning concerning matter of fact and existence? No. Commit it then to the flames: for it can contain nothing but sophistry and illusion." As it turns out, the issue is a good bit more complicated than the binary that Hume seems to impose here To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM You can find over 2000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler Purchase Hume's Enquiry - amzn.to/3by4R6n

This lecture discusses key ideas from the modern empiricist philosopher David Hume' Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding It focuses specifically on the distinction he makes between a Pyrrhonian or excessive skepticism and a mitigated or Academical skepticism, in both matters of theory and practice To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM You can find over 2000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler Purchase Hume's Enquiry - amzn.to/3by4R6n

This lecture discusses key ideas from the modern empiricist philosopher David Hume' Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding It focuses specifically on his discussion of skepticism, specifically in terms of the reliability of the senses and the truth of what we perceive through them. He considers in particular whether the distinction between primary and secondary qualities really holds or not. To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM You can find over 2000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler Purchase Hume's Enquiry - amzn.to/3by4R6n

This lecture discusses key ideas from the modern empiricist philosopher David Hume' Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding It focuses specifically on his discussion bearing on whether we have good rational grounds for claiming that there is distributive justice within the world or not, or failing that, provided for in an afterlife. To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM You can find over 2000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler Purchase Hume's Enquiry - amzn.to/3by4R6n

This lecture discusses key ideas from the modern empiricist philosopher David Hume' Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding It focuses specifically on his discussion, framed in terms of arguments placed in the mouths of friend of his and of Epicurus, of claims about divine providence made by religious people. One of Hume's main lines of criticism is that when it comes the universe and the divine, we can reason from effects to causes, but not from causes to effects, given how little we know or can analogize about the divine as a cause. To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM You can find over 2000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler Purchase Hume's Enquiry - amzn.to/3by4R6n

This lecture discusses key ideas from the modern empiricist philosopher David Hume' Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding It focuses specifically on the arguments that he provides against accepting testimonies that would amount to a proof or a probability of a miracle To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM You can find over 2000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler Purchase Hume's Enquiry - amzn.to/3by4R6n

This lecture discusses key ideas from the modern empiricist philosopher David Hume' Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding It focuses specifically on his views on whether miracles, as opposed to simply marvelous events, are possible, and whether testimonies about miracles make them probable or proven or not. Hume defines a miracle as a violation of the laws of nature. To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM You can find over 2000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler Purchase Hume's Enquiry - amzn.to/3by4R6n

This lecture discusses key ideas from the modern empiricist philosopher David Hume' Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding It focuses specifically on his views on whether non-human animals engage in reasoning or not. He argues that most human beings are not engaged in explicit reasoning most of the time, including philosophers, and that non-human animals are guided by experience and custom like human beings, but rely more upon instinct than do human beings To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM You can find over 2000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler Purchase Hume's Enquiry - amzn.to/3by4R6n

This lecture discusses key ideas from the ancient philosopher and biographer Plutarch's short work On Controlling Anger. This episode focuses specifically on his cautions about allowing the excuse that we are just experiencing and acting on "righteous indignation" (misoponeria), when we are really feeling and following anger. You can find the copy of the text I am using for this sequence on Plutarch's On Controlling Anger here - https://amzn.to/3gpyrS3 To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM You can find over 2000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler (Amazon links are associate links. As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases)

This lecture discusses key ideas from the ancient philosopher and biographer Plutarch's short work On Controlling Anger. This episode focuses specifically on his discussions about the disposition of cheerfulness (eukolia) and its positive effects as a remedy for anger in oneself and in others. You can find the copy of the text I am using for this sequence on Plutarch's On Controlling Anger here - https://amzn.to/3gpyrS3 To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM You can find over 2000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler (Amazon links are associate links. As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases)

This lecture discusses key ideas from the ancient philosopher and biographer Plutarch's short work On Controlling Anger. This episode focuses specifically on his discussions bearing on anger as something like a tyrant or a tyranny within the angry person. He also discusses our own tendency to become tyrannical in our anger with those who are subject to and vulnerable to us. You can find the copy of the text I am using for this sequence on Plutarch's On Controlling Anger here - https://amzn.to/3gpyrS3 To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM You can find over 2000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler (Amazon links are associate links. As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases)

This lecture discusses key ideas from the ancient philosopher and biographer Plutarch's short work On Controlling Anger. This episode focuses specifically on how anger arises for many people out of being too attached, fussy, or particular about matters, and how deliberately cultivating simplicity can help promote the opposite of anger, the virtue of mildness or good temper (praotēs) You can find the copy of the text I am using for this sequence on Plutarch's On Controlling Anger here - https://amzn.to/3gpyrS3 To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM You can find over 2000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler (Amazon links are associate links. As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases)

This lecture discusses key ideas from the ancient philosopher and biographer Plutarch's short work On Controlling Anger. This episode focuses specifically on his discussion of the causes of anger, which he views as multiple and different for different people. Still, contempt and neglect are main causes of anger according to Plutarch. You can find the copy of the text I am using for this sequence on Plutarch's On Controlling Anger here - https://amzn.to/3gpyrS3 To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM You can find over 2000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler (Amazon links are associate links. As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases)

This lecture discusses key ideas from the ancient philosopher and biographer Plutarch's short work On Controlling Anger. This episode focuses specifically on the effects that the emotion of anger has in changing and distorting our appearance, notable in the face, voice, gait, and skin color, among other signs.Plutarch advises that we observe these distorting effects and form an image of what we ourselves would look like while angry, as a technique of anger management You can find the copy of the text I am using for this sequence on Plutarch's On Controlling Anger here - https://amzn.to/3gpyrS3 To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM You can find over 2000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler (Amazon links are associate links. As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases)

This lecture discusses key ideas from the ancient philosopher and biographer Plutarch's short work On Controlling Anger. This episode focuses specifically on his discussions of political leaders who provide examples of how to manage anger well, in particular Philip of Macedon. He also briefly discusses philosophers, orators, and advocates. You can find the copy of the text I am using for this sequence on Plutarch's On Controlling Anger here - https://amzn.to/3gpyrS3 To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM You can find over 2000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler (Amazon links are associate links. As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases)

This lecture discusses key ideas from the ancient philosopher and biographer Plutarch's short work On Controlling Anger. This episode focuses specifically on how we can change our habits concerning anger through training ourselves, and preparing and employing our faculty of reason when we find ourselves getting or feeling angry. You can find the copy of the text I am using for this sequence on Plutarch's On Controlling Anger here - https://amzn.to/3gpyrS3 To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM You can find over 2000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler (Amazon links are associate links. As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases)

This lecture discusses key ideas from the early Christian theologian John Chrysostom's Homily 16, On The Gospel of Matthew This episode focuses specifically on the command given by Jesus in the Sermon on the Mount that if you bring your gift to the altar and realize your brother or sister has anything against you, you should go be reconciled first, and then come back to offer your gift. To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM You can find over 2000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler (Amazon links are associate links. As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases)

This lecture discusses key ideas from the early Christian theologian John Chrysostom's Homily 16, On The Gospel of Matthew This episode focuses specifically on his interpretation of the three precepts Jesus gives about anger and its verbal expression in the Sermon on the Mount. To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM You can find over 2000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler (Amazon links are associate links. As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases)

This lecture discusses key ideas from the early Christian theologian John Chrysostom's Homily 16 on the Gospel of Matthew This episode focuses specifically on his discussion of the old law of the Hebrew scriptures and the new law of the precepts given by Jesus in the Sermon on the Mount. Chrysostom argues against potential Jewish interlocutors that the new precepts effectively expand the old law, and against Manichaean (and other Gnostic) opponents that the old law is good. To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM You can find over 2000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler (Amazon links are associate links. As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases)