What matters more: meeting our own ambitions, or winning fame and glory? What’s it like to earn a gold medal at the Olympics? And why didn’t Mike’s grandfather get a watch? SOURCES:Alain de Botton, writer and founder of The School of Life.Kirk Flatow, head coach of co-ed varsity track and field at Monta Vista High School.Katie Ledecky, competitive swimmer.Diana Nyad, long-distance swimmer.Michael Phelps, former competitive swimmer.Martin Seligman, professor of psychology at the University of Pennsylvania.Kerri Walsh Jennings, professional beach volleyball player.John Wooden, men's basketball coach at the University of California, Los Angeles. RESOURCES:"Why Success Doesn’t Lead to Satisfaction," by Ron Carucci (Harvard Business Review, 2023)."Katie Ledecky Matches Michael Phelps Record With Dominant World Championships Win," by Patrick Andres (Sports Illustrated, 2023).Success Index, by Populace and Gallup (2019)."PERMA and the Building Blocks of Well-Being," by Martin Seligman (The Journal of Positive Psychology, 2018)."Michael Phelps: ‘I Am Extremely Thankful That I Did Not Take My Life,’" by Susan Scutti (CNN, 2018)."The PERMA-Profiler: A Brief Multidimensional Measure of Flourishing," by Julie Butler and Margaret L. Kern (International Journal of Wellbeing, 2016)."Diana Nyad: Dream Accomplished," by Michel Martin (Tell Me More, 2013)."A Kinder, Gentler Philosophy of Success," by Alain de Botton (TEDGlobal, 2009)."The Difference Between Winning and Succeeding," by John Wooden (TED, 2001). EXTRAS:"Where Is the Line Between Exaggeration and Lying?" by No Stupid Questions (2023)."Is a 'Success Hangover' Real?" by No Stupid Questions (2022).

Why do we mirror other people’s accents? Does DJ Khaled get tired of winning? And also: life is good — so why aren’t you happy? SOURCES:Albert Bandura, professor emeritus of psychology at Stanford University.John Bargh, professor of psychology and cognitive science at Yale University.Tanya Chartrand, professor of marketing at Duke University.Clay Cockrell, psychotherapist and founder of Walk and Talk Therapy.Iain Couzin, director of the department of collective behavior at the Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior.William Irvine, professor of philosophy at Wright State University.Daniel Kahneman, professor emeritus of psychology at Princeton University.Stephen Kosslyn, professor emeritus of psychology at Harvard University.Cristine Legare, professor of psychology at the University of Texas at Austin.Kevin Ochsner, professor of psychology at Columbia University.Amos Tversky, professor of psychology at Stanford University. RESOURCES:"How to Escape the Hedonic Treadmill and Be Happier," by Anna Katharina Schaffner (Positive Psychology, 2016).“Revealing the Hidden Networks of Interaction in Mobile Animal Groups Allows Prediction of Complex Behavioral Contagion,” by Sara Brin Rosenthal, Colin R. Twomey, Andrew T. Hartnett, Hai Shan Wu, and Iain Couzin (PNAS, 2015).“A Calm Look at the Most Hyped Concept in Neuroscience — Mirror Neurons,” by Christian Jarrett (WIRED, 2013).“The Chameleon Effect: The Perception–Behavior Link and Social Interaction,” by Tanya Chartrand and John Bargh (Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 1999).“Prospect Theory: An Analysis of Decision Under Risk,” by Daniel Kahneman and Amos Tversky (The Econometric Society, 1979).“Transmission of Aggression Through Imitation of Aggressive Models,” by Albert Bandura, Dorothea Ross, and Sheila A. Ross (Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 1961). EXTRAS:"Why Are Rich Countries So Unhappy?" by No Stupid Questions (2022)."Do You Mind if I Borrow Your Personality?" by No Stupid Questions (2022).“Episode 2: The Unhappy Millionaire,” by The Happiness Lab (2019).The Happiness Lab.

Why do we get overwhelmed when we have too many choices? Should we make our own decisions or copy other people's? And how can Angela manage her sock inventory? SOURCES:Arie Kruglanski, professor of psychology at the University of Maryland, College Park.Katy Milkman, professor of operations, information, and decisions at the University of Pennsylvania.Sylvia Plath, 20th-century American novelist and poet.Barry Schwartz, professor of social theory and social action at Swarthmore College.Herbert Simon, professor of computer science and psychology at Carnegie Mellon University.Will Smith, actor and film producer. RESOURCES:"Choice Deprivation, Choice Overload, and Satisfaction with Choices Across Six Nations," by Elena Reutskaja, Nathan N. Cheek, Barry Schwartz, et al. (Journal of International Marketing, 2021).Will, by Will Smith with Mark Manson (2021)."Can’t Decide What to Stream? Netflix’s New Feature Will Choose for You," by Katie Deighton (The Wall Street Journal, 2021).The Paradox of Choice: Why More Is Less, by Barry Schwartz (2004)."The Tyranny of Choice," by Barry Schwartz (Scientific American, 2004)."Maximizing Versus Satisficing: Happiness Is a Matter of Choice," by Barry Schwartz, Andrew Ward, John Monterosso, Sonja Lyubomirsky, Katherine White, and Darrin R. Lehman (Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 2002)."Self-Determination: The Tyranny of Freedom," by Barry Schwartz (American Psychologist, 2000)."To 'Do the Right Thing' or to 'Just Do It': Locomotion and Assessment as Distinct Self-Regulatory Imperatives," by Arie Kruglanski, Erik P. Thompson, E. Tory Higgins, M. Nadir Atash, Antonio Pierro, James Y. Shah, and Scott Spiegel (Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 2000)."Rational Choice and the Structure of the Environment," by Herbert Simon (Psychological Review, 1956).Administrative Behavior, by Herbert Simon (1947). EXTRA:"Do You Mind if I Borrow Your Personality?" by No Stupid Questions (2022)."How Much Should We Be Able to Customize Our World?" by No Stupid Questions (2021)."Are You a Maximizer or a Satisficer?" by No Stupid Questions (2020).Cars.com Superbowl Ad (2009).

Why does your horoscope seem so accurate? Is it possible to believe and not believe in something at the same time? And is Mike a classic Gemini? SOURCES:P. T. Barnum, 19th-century American showman and businessman.David Brooks, New York Times Opinion columnist.Bertram Forer, 20th-century American psychologist.Daniel Kahneman, professor emeritus of psychology and public affairs at Princeton University.Irving Kirsch, associate director of the Program in Placebo Studies and lecturer in medicine at Harvard Medical School.Sten Odenwald, Director of STEM Resource Development at NASA.Sydney Page, staff reporter for The Washington Post. Jane L. Risen, professor of behavioral science at the University of Chicago Booth School of Business. RESOURCES:"Young People Are Flocking to Astrology. But It Comes With Risks," by Sydney Page (The Washington Post, 2023)."The Age of Aquarius, All Over Again!" by David Brooks (The New York Times, 2019)."Response Expectancy and the Placebo Effect," by Irving Kirsch (International Review of Neurobiology, 2018)."Believing What We Do Not Believe: Acquiescence to Superstitious Beliefs and Other Powerful Intuitions," by Jane L. Risen (Psychological Review, 2016).Thinking, Fast and Slow, by Daniel Kahneman (2011)."Effects of Stress and Tolerance of Ambiguity on Magical Thinking," by Giora Keinan (Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 1994).Changing Expectations: A Key to Effective Psychotherapy, by Irving Kirsch (1990)."The Fallacy of Personal Validation: A Classroom Demonstration of Gullibility," by Bertram Forer (The Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 1949).Myers-Briggs Type Indicator. EXTRAS:"What Do Broken-Hearted Knitters, Urinating Goalkeepers, and the C.I.A. Have in Common?" by Freakonomics Radio (2022)."Sam Harris: 'Spirituality Is a Loaded Term,'" by People I (Mostly) Admire (2021).

Are gifted and talented programs discriminatory? Why do so many adults still remember their SAT scores? And how did Angela transform from a party girl to an Ivy League psychologist? SOURCES:Alfred Binet, 19th-century French psychologist.Stefan Dombrowski, professor of psychology and director of the School Psychology Program at Rider University.Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, 18th- to 19th-century German author.Travis Kelce, tight end for the Kansas City Chiefs in the N.F.L.Robert O'Connell, writer and reporter.Robert Rosenthal, professor of psychology at the University of California, Riverside.Amy Tan, author. RESOURCES:"What’s the Best Way to Find a Gifted 4-Year-Old?" by Ginia Bellafante (The New York Times, 2022)."Without the Wonderlic, the N.F.L. Finds Other Ways to Test Football I.Q.," by Robert O’Connell (The New York Times, 2022)."The Dark History of I.Q. Tests," by Stefan Dombrowski (TED-Ed, 2020).Grinnell College 2019 Commencement Address, by Amy Tan (2019)."Universal Screening Increases the Representation of Low-Income and Minority Students in Gifted Education," by David Card and Laura Giuliano (PNAS, 2016)."The Supreme Court Ruling That Led To 70,000 Forced Sterilizations," by Terry Gross (Fresh Air, 2016)."Intelligence Is Not Enough: Non-IQ Predictors of Achievement," by Angela Lee Duckworth (Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering, 2006)."Pygmalion in the Classroom," by Robert Rosenthal and Lenore Jacobson (The Urban Review, 1968). EXTRAS:"Are Humans Smarter or Stupider Than We Used to Be?" by No Stupid Questions (2021)."America’s Math Curriculum Doesn’t Add Up," by People I (Mostly) Admire (2021).The Hundred Secret Senses, by Amy Tan (1995).The Joy Luck Club, by Amy Tan (1989).

What happens when three psychologists walk into a magic show? What’s Angela’s problem with the word “talent”?  And why does LeBron James refer to himself in the third person? SOURCES:John Bargh, professor of psychology at Yale University.Derren Brown, mentalist.Carol Dweck, professor of psychology at Stanford University.Daniel Kahneman, professor emeritus of psychology and public affairs at Princeton University.Ethan Kross, professor of psychology at the University of Michigan.Barbara Mellers, professor of psychology at the University of Pennsylvania.Daniel Southwick, visiting professor of psychology at Brigham Young University and former N.F.L. quarterback.Lior Suchard, mentalist.RESOURCES:"4 Ways to Get Into the Magic Castle," by Stephanie Breijo (TimeOut, 2023)."The Trouble With Talent: Semantic Ambiguity in the Workplace," by Daniel A. Southwick, Zhaoying V. Liu, Chayce Baldwin, Abigail L. Quirk, Lyle H. Ungar, Chia-Jung Tsay, and Angela L. Duckworth (Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 2023)."A Decade of Power Posing: Where Do We Stand?" by Tom Loncar (The Psychologist, 2021)."Influencing Choices With Conversational Primes: How a Magic Trick Unconsciously Influences Card Choices," by Alice Pailhès and Gustav Kuhn (PNAS, 2020)."If You Want Your Marketing Campaign To Succeed, Choose Your Words Carefully," by Allan Hug (Forbes, 2019)."What's Next for Psychology's Embattled Field of Social Priming," by Tom Chivers (Nature, 2019)."Silent Third Person Self-Talk Facilitates Emotion Regulation," by Christopher Bergland (Psychology Today, 2017)."Disputed Results a Fresh Blow for Social Psychology," by Alison Abbott (Scientific American, 2013)."A Proposal to Deal With Questions About Priming Effects," email by Daniel Kahneman (2012)."Behavioral Priming: It's All in the Mind, but Whose Mind?" by Stéphane Doyen, Olivier Klein, Cora-Lise Pichon, and Axel Cleeremans (PLoS One, 2012).Thinking, Fast and Slow, by Daniel Kahneman (2011).

How do friendships change as we get older? Should you join a bowling league? And also: how does a cook become a chef? RESOURCES:“Social Support From Weak Ties: Insight From the Literature on Minimal Social Interactions,” by Joshua Moreton, Caitlin S. Kelly, and Gillian Sandstrom (Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 2023).Join or Die, documentary (2023).“I Tried Bumble BFF for 30 Days — Here’s What Happened,” by Beth Gillette (The Everygirl, 2022).Platonic: How the Science of Attachment Can Help You Make — and Keep — Friends, by Marisa Franco (2022).“Grocery Store Opens ‘Chat Registers’ for Lonely Customers,” by Gabriel Geiger (Vice, 2021).“The State of American Friendship: Change, Challenges, and Loss,” by Daniel A. Cox (Survey Center on American Life, 2021).“Number of Close Friends Had by Adults in the United States in 1990 and 2021,” by Michele Majidi (Survey Center on American Life, 2021).“You’re Not Uncool. Making Friends as an Adult Is Just Hard,” by Peter O’Dowd and Kalyani Saxena (WBUR, 2021)."My Restaurant Was My Life for 20 Years. Does the World Need It Anymore?" by Gabrielle Hamilton (The New York Times Magazine, 2020).“Why You Miss Those Casual Friends So Much,” by Gillian Sandstrom and Ashley Whillans (Harvard Business Review, 2020).“The Bros Who Met Their BFFs on Bumble,” by Rebecca Nelson (GQ, 2016).“Sex Differences in Social Focus Across the Life Cycle in Humans,” by Kunal Bhattacharya, Asim Ghosh, Daniel Monsivais, Robin I. M. Dunbar, and Kimmo Kaski (Royal Society Open Science, 2016).Blood, Bones & Butter: The Inadvertent Education of a Reluctant Chef, by Gabrielle Hamilton (2011).“Social Relationships and Mortality Risk: A Meta-analytic Review,” by Julianne Holt-Lunstad, Timothy B. Smith, and J. Bradley Layton (PLoS Medicine, 2010).Bowling Alone: The Collapse and Revival of American Community, by Robert Putnam (2000).The Great Good Place: Cafes, Coffee Shops, Bookstores, Bars, Hair Salons, and Other Hangouts at the Heart of a Community, by Ray Oldenburg (1999).Character Lab.EXTRAS:“How Much Are the Right Friends Worth?” by People I (Mostly) Admire (2022).“Is It Weird for Adults to Have Imaginary Friends?” by No Stupid Questions (2022).“How Much Do Your Friends Affect Your Future?” by No Stupid Questions (2020).“Is There Really a ‘Loneliness Epidemic’?” by Freakonomics Radio (2020).Tell Me Something I Don’t Know (2017).SOURCES:Daniel Boulud, chef and restaurateur.Pete Davis, co-founder of the Democracy Policy Network.Wylie Dufresne, chef and restaurateur.Marisa Franco, assistant clinical professor at The University of Maryland.Beth Gillette, beauty editor at Cosmopolitan.Gabrielle Hamilton, chef, restauranteur, and writer.Daniel Humm, chef and restaurateur.Ray Oldenburg, professor emeritus of sociology at the University of West Florida.Robert Putnam, author and professor of public policy at Harvard University.René Redzepi, chef and restaurateur.Gillian Sandstrom, senior lecturer in psychology at the University of Sussex.Dieter Uchtdorf, Apostle of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints and former Senior Vice President Flight Operations at Lufthansa Airlines.Lyle Ungar, professor of computer and information science at the University of Pennsylvania.

Can long-term relationships do more harm than good? Where is the line between intimacy and codependence? And should we all try to be more like Mike’s parents? RESOURCES:"A Record-High Share of 40-Year-Olds in the U.S. Have Never Been Married," by Richard Fry (Pew Research Center, 2023)."Divorce Skyrocketing Among Aging Boomers," by Sharon Jayson (AARP, 2023)."Don’t Let Love Take Over Your Life," by Faith Hill (The Atlantic, 2023)."Marriage Provides Health Benefits – and Here’s Why," by Libby Richards, Melissa Franks, and Rosie Shrout (The Conversation, 2023)."The Benefits of Diversifying Your Social Portfolio," by Samantha Boardman (Psychology Today, 2023)."Satisfying Singlehood as a Function of Age and Cohort: Satisfaction With Being Single Increases With Age After Midlife," by Yoobin Park, Elizabeth Page-Gould, and Geoff MacDonald (Psychology and Aging, 2022)."Pathology in Relationships," by Susan C. South (Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 2021)."Behind 'the Collateral Heartbreak' and Intense Devotion of the Reagans' Decades-Long Romance," by Virginia Chamlee (People, 2021)."U.S. Marriage Rate Plunges to Lowest Level on Record," by Janet Adamy (The Wall Street Journal, 2020)."The Suffocation Model: Why Marriage in America Is Becoming an All-or-Nothing Institution," by Eli J. Finkel, Elaine O. Cheung, Lydia F. Emery, Kathleen L. Carswell, and Grace M. Larson (Current Directions in Psychological Science, 2015).EXTRAS:"Are We Getting Lonelier?" by No Stupid Questions (2023)."The Facts Are In: Two Parents Are Better Than One," by Freakonomics Radio (2023).“Why Did You Marry That Person? (Replay),” by Freakonomics Radio (2023).“The Fracking Boom, a Baby Boom, and the Retreat From Marriage,” by Freakonomics Radio (2017).SOURCES:Eli Finkel, professor of psychology and of management and organizations at Northwestern University.Katie Genadek, economist at the U.S. Census Bureau and faculty research associate at the Institute for Behavioral Science at the University of Colorado, Boulder.Faith Hill, senior associate editor of culture at The Atlantic.Abraham Maslow, 20th-century psychologist.Katherine K. Merseth, senior lecturer at the Harvard Graduate School of Education.

Why do we use “literally” figuratively? Does conveying an "emotional truth" justify making things up? And are Angela’s kids really starving or just hungry?  RESOURCES:"My Response to The New Yorker Article," by Hasan Minhaj (YouTube video, 2023)."Hasan Minhaj’s 'Emotional Truths,'" by Clare Malone (The New Yorker, 2023)."Lying to Spice up Life," by Holly Cole (Society for Personality and Social Psychology, 2019).Words on the Move: Why English Won't - and Can't - Sit Still (Like, Literally), by John McWhorter (2016)."Literally," entry by Deathmatch1127 (Urban Dictionary, 2015)."Does Living in California Make People Happy? A Focusing Illusion in Judgments of Life Satisfaction," by David A. Schkade and Daniel Kahneman (Psychological Science, 1998).The Giver, by Lois Lowry (1993).EXTRAS:"Swearing Is More Important Than You Think," by Freakonomics Radio (2023)."The Ugly Truth of Fast Fashion," S5.E3 of Patriot Act with Hasan Minhaj (2019).SOURCES:Holly Cole, assistant professor of psychology at Wesleyan College.Daniel Kahneman, professor emeritus of psychology and public affairs at Princeton University.Mark Liberman, professor of linguistics and computer and information science at the University of Pennsylvania.Lois Lowry, author.John McWhorter, professor of English and comparative literature at Columbia Unviersity.Hasan Minhaj, comedian.

How can you be lonely when so many people showed up at your birthday party? Can you fight loneliness by managing expectations? And where can you find company while enjoying the best garlic cheeseburger in the greater Salt Lake City metro area? RESOURCES:"Surgeon General: We Have Become a Lonely Nation. It’s Time to Fix That," by Vivek H. Murthy (The New York Times, 2023)."Home Alone: More Than A Quarter of All Households Have One Person," by Lydia Anderson, Chanell Washington, Rose M. Kreider, and Thomas Gryn (United States Census Bureau, 2023)."Loneliness Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis," by Mareike Ernst, Daniel Niederer, Antonia M. Werner, Sara J. Czaja, Christopher Mikton, Anthony D. Ong, Tony Rosen, Elmar Brähler, and Manfred E. Beutel (American Psychologist, 2022)."Loneliness Across Time and Space," by Maike Luhmann, Susanne Buecker, and Marilena Rüsberg (Nature Reviews Psychology, 2022).Will, by Will Smith with Mark Manson (2021)."Loneliness and Social Isolation in the United States, the United Kingdom, and Japan: An International Survey," by Bianca DiJulio, Liz Hamel, Cailey Muñana, and Mollyann Brodie (KFF, 2018)."Work and the Loneliness Epidemic," by Vivek Murthy (Harvard Business Review, 2017)."The Lonely City: Adventures in the Art of Being Alone," by Maria Popova (The Marginalian, 2016).EXTRAS:"Is It Harder to Make Friends as an Adult?" by No Stupid Questions (2023)."The Side Effects of Social Distancing," by Freakonomics Radio (2020)."Is There Really a 'Loneliness Epidemic'?" by Freakonomics Radio (2020).SOURCES:Wendell Berry, novelist and poet.Ty Burrell, actor.William James, 19th-century psychologist.Vivek Murthy, Surgeon General of the United States.Maria Popova, essayist, author, and poet.Will Smith, actor and film producer.

Do you suffer from the sin of certainty? How did Angela react when a grad student challenged her research? And can a Heineken commercial strengthen our democracy? RESOURCES:"Disagree Better," National Governors Association initiative led by Spencer Cox (2023-2024)."Cooling Heated Discourse: Conversational Receptiveness Boosts Interpersonal Evaluations and Willingness to Talk," by Julia Minson, David Hagmann, and Kara Luo (Preprint, 2023)."Megastudy Identifying Effective Interventions to Strengthen Americans’ Democratic Attitudes," by Jan G. Voelkel, Robb Willer, et al. (Working Paper, 2023).Conflicted: Why Arguments Are Tearing Us Apart and How They Can Bring Us Together, by Ian Leslie (2021)."How to Disagree Productively and Find Common Ground," by Julia Dhar (TED, 2018)."From the Fundamental Attribution Error to the Truly Fundamental Attribution Error and Beyond: My Research Journey," by Lee Ross (Perspectives on Psychological Science, 2018)."The Humanizing Voice: Speech Reveals, and Text Conceals, a More Thoughtful Mind in the Midst of Disagreement," by Juliana Schroeder, Michael Kardas, and Nicholas Epley (Psychological Science, 2017)."Worlds Apart," ad by Heineken (2017)."Gritty Educations," by Anindya Kundu (Virginia Policy Review, 2014).Thinking, Fast and Slow, by Daniel Kahneman (2011)."Experiences of Collaborative Research," by Daniel Kahneman (American Psychologist, 2003).EXTRAS:TikTok with advice from Apple Store employee (2023)."Can You Change Your Mind Without Losing Face?" by No Stupid Questions (2022).12 Angry Men, film (1957).SOURCES:Spencer Cox, governor of Utah and chair of the National Governors Association.Julia Dhar, managing director and partner at Boston Consulting Group.David Hagmann, professor of management at Hong Kong University of Science and Technology.Daniel Kahneman, professor emeritus of psychology and public affairs at Princeton University.Anindya Kundu, professor of educational leadership at Florida International University.Ian Leslie, British journalist and author.Kara Luo, Ph.D. candidate in organizational behavior at Stanford University.Julia Minson, professor of public policy at Harvard University.Pedro Noguera, professor of education and dean of the Rossier School of Education at the University of Southern California.Jared Polis, governor of Colorado.Lee Ross, professor of psychology at Stanford University.Julia Schroeder, professor of management of organizations at the University of California, Berkeley.Jared Smith, co-founder of Qualtrics.Anne Treisman, professor of psychology at Princeton University.Jan Voelkel, Ph.D. candidate in sociology at Stanford University.

Should you become an artist or an accountant? Did Sylvia Plath have to be depressed to write The Bell Jar? And what can Napoleon Dynamite teach us about the creative life? RESOURCES:"The Science of Why You Have Great Ideas in the Shower," by Stacey Colino (National Geographic, 2022)."So, You Think You’re Not Creative?" by Duncan Wardle (Harvard Business Review, 2021)."The Correlation Between Arts and Crafts and a Nobel Prize," by Rosie Cima (Priceonomics, 2015)."Report: State of the American Workplace," by Gallup (2014)."Poverty Impedes Cognitive Function," by Anandi Mani, Sendhil Mullainathan, Eldar Shafir, and Jiaying Zhao (Science, 2013)."Forks in the Road: The Many Paths of Arts Alumni," by the Strategic National Arts Alumni Project (2011)."A Meta-Analysis of 25 Years of Mood-Creativity Research: Hedonic Tone, Activation, or Regulatory Focus?" by Matthijs Baas, Carsten K. W. De Dreu, and Bernard A. Nijstad (Psychological Bulletin, 2008)."The Relationship Between Creativity and Mood Disorders," by Nancy C. Andreasen (Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience, 2008)."The Broaden-and-Build Theory of Positive Emotions," by Barbara Fredrickson (Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B, 2004)."Happiness and Creativity: Going With the Flow," by Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi (The Futurist, 1997).EXTRAS:"Why Are Rich Countries So Unhappy?" by No Stupid Questions (2022)."Do You Really Need a Muse to Be Creative?" by No Stupid Questions (2021)."Does All Creativity Come From Pain?" by No Stupid Questions (2020)."How To Be Creative," series by Freakonomics Radio (2018-2019)."How to Be Happy," by Freakonomics Radio (2018).Napoleon Dynamite, film by Jared Hess (2004).The Bell Jar, by Sylvia Plath (1963).Connections, game by The New York Times. SOURCES:Stephen Covey, author.Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi, professor of psychology and management at Claremont Graduate University.Barbara Fredrickson, professor of psychology at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.Sigmund Freud, psychologist and founder of psychoanalysis.Jared Hess, filmmaker.Abraham Maslow, 20th-century psychologist.Sylvia Plath, 20th-century poet and novelist.Martin Seligman, professor of psychology at the University of Pennsylvania.Duncan Wardle, former head of Innovation and Creativity at the Walt Disney Company.

Is it better to be an egocentric navigator or an allocentric navigator? Was the New York City Department of Education wrong to ban ChatGPT? And did Mike get ripped off by Michael Jackson’s cousin? RESOURCES"Don’t Ban Chatbots in Classrooms — Use Them to Change How We Teach," by Angela Duckworth and Lyle Ungar (Los Angeles Times, 2023)."How GPS Weakens Memory — and What We Can Do about It," by Mar Gonzalez-Franco, Gregory Dane Clemenson, and Amos Miller (Scientific American, 2021)."Habitual Use of GPS Negatively Impacts Spatial Memory During Self-Guided Navigation," by Louisa Dahmani and Véronique Bohbot (Nature Scientific Reports, 2020)."Navigational Strategy May Be More a Matter of Environment and Experience Than Gender," by Sharon A. Livingstone-Lee, Philip M. Zeman, Susan T. Gillingham, and Ronald W. Skelton (Learning and Motivation, 2014)."Acquiring 'the Knowledge' of London's Layout Drives Structural Brain Changes," by Katherine Woollett and Eleanor Maguire (Current Biology, 2011)."Is Google Making Us Stupid?" by Nicholas Carr (The Atlantic, 2008).EXTRAS"Dunder Mifflin Infinity," S4.E2 of The Office (2007).SOURCES:Véronique Bohbot, professor of psychiatry at McGill University.Nicholas Carr, journalist and writer.Winston Churchill, 20th-century Prime Minister of the United Kingdom.Louisa Dahmani, research fellow at Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital.Jason Duckworth, president of Arcadia Land Company and Angela's husband.Omar Johnson, founder of ØPUS United, former C.M.O. of Beats by Dre and former V.P. of Marketing at Apple.Eleanor Maguire, professor of cognitive neuroscience at University College London.Michael Scott, fictional character and protagonist of NBC sitcom The Office.Socrates, ancient Greek philosopher.Hieronimo Squarciafico, 15th-century Venetian editor.Lyle Ungar, professor of computer and information science at the University of Pennsylvania.Katherine Woollett, clinical psychologist at the Kings College London Hospital.

What’s the difference between being busy and being productive? Would you be better at your job if you cared a little less? And can somebody get Mike a cup of coffee?  RESOURCES:"State of the Global Workplace: 2023 Report," (Gallup, 2023)."What’s Really So Wrong About Secretly Working Two Full-Time Jobs at Once?" by Alison Green (Slate, 2023)."The Problem With Venting," by Ethan Kross (Character Lab, 2021)."Conan O'Brien's Final Monologue: 'Nobody in Life Gets What They Thought They Were Going to Get,'" by Lynette Rice (Entertainment Weekly, 2020)."Employee Burnout, Part 1: The 5 Main Causes," by Ben Wigert and Sangeeta Agrawal (Gallup, 2018)."Finding Solutions to the Problem of Burnout," by Christina Maslach (Consulting Psychology Journal: Practice and Research, 2017)."Maslach Burnout Inventory: Third Edition," by Christina Maslach, Susan E. Jackson, and Michael P. Leiter (Evaluating Stress: A Book of Resources, 1997).Burnout: The High Cost of High Achievement, by Herbert Freudenberger and Geraldine Richelson (1980)."Staff Burn-Out," by Herbert Freudenberger (Journal of Social Issues, 1974)."Dehumanization in Institutional Settings," by Christina Maslach and Philip Zimbardo (U.S. Office of Naval Research, 1973).EXTRAS:"How Do You Cure a Compassion Crisis?" by Freakonomics Radio (2020).Charlotte's Web, by E.B. White (1952).SOURCES:Christina Maslach, professor emertia of psychology at the University of California, Berkeley.Herbert Freudenberger, 20th-century psychologist.Ethan Kross, professor of psychology and management/organizations at the University of Michigan.Conan O'Brien, podcast host, comedian, and former late-night television host.E.B. White, author.Philip Zimbardo, professor emeritus of psychology at Stanford University.

Do you get grittier as you age? What's worse for mental health: video games or social media? And do baby boomers make the best D.J.s?  RESOURCES:Generations: The Real Differences Between Gen Z, Millennials, Gen X, Boomers, and Silents — and What They Mean for America's Future, by Jean Twenge (2023)."5 Things to Keep in Mind When You Hear About Gen Z, Millennials, Boomers and Other Generations," by Michael Dimock (Pew Research Center, 2023)."Lock Screens," by Jean Twenge (Character Lab, 2023)."The Blurred Lines Between Goldman C.E.O.’s Day Job and His D.J. Gig," by Emily Flitter and Katherine Rosman (The New York Times, 2023).From Strength to Strength: Finding Success, Happiness, and Deep Purpose in the Second Half of Life, by Arthur Brooks (2022)."The Great Resistance: Getting Employees Back to the Office," by Nicholas Bloom (Stanford Institute for Economic Policy Research, 2022)."Generations and Generational Differences: Debunking Myths in Organizational Science and Practice and Paving New Paths Forward," by Cort W. Rudolph, Rachel S. Rauvola, David P. Costanza, and Hannes Zacher (Journal of Business and Psychology, 2021)."Patterns of Cumulative Continuity and Maturity in Personality and Well-Being: Evidence From a Large Longitudinal Sample of Adults," by Frank D. Mann, Colin G. DeYoung, and Robert F. Krueger (Personality and Individual Differences, 2021)."Global Prevalence of Gaming Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis," by Matthew W.R. Stevens, Diana Dorstyn, Paul H Delfabbro, and Daniel L King (Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 2020)."A Majority of Young Adults in the U.S. Live With Their Parents for the First Time Since the Great Depression," by Richard Fry, Jeffrey S. Passel, and D'Vera Cohn (Pew Research Center, 2020)."Managing the Strategy Development Process: Deliberate vs. Emergent Strategy," by Clayton Christensen (Harvard Business Review Case Study, 2019)."Distinguishing Aging, Period and Cohort Effects in Longitudinal Studies of Elderly Populations," by Robert D. Blanchard, James B. Bunker, and Martin Wachs (Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, 1977)."Gaming Disorder," by the World Health Organization.EXTRAS:"Why Can’t Baby Boomers and Millennials Just Get Along?" by No Stupid Questions (2021).SOURCES:Arthur Brooks, professor of the practice of public and nonprofit leadership and professor of management practice at Harvard University.David Costanza, professor of psychology and organizational sciences at The George Washington University.Clayton Christensen, professor of business administration at Harvard Business School.David Solomon, chairman and C.E.O. of Goldman Sachs (and D.J.).Jean Twenge, professor of psychology at San Diego State University.

Does anyone really know what they’re doing? How do we reward the competent and not the confident? And what’s wrong with using TikTok for research?  RESOURCES:"Why Everyone Feels Like They’re Faking It," by Leslie Jamison (The New Yorker, 2023)."The Impostor Phenomenon Revisited: Examining the Relationship between Workplace Impostor Thoughts and Interpersonal Effectiveness at Work," by Basima Tewfik (Academy of Management Journal, 2022)."You’re Not an Imposter. You’re Actually Pretty Amazing," by Kess Eruteya (Harvard Business Review, 2022)."Workplace ‘Impostor Thoughts’ May Have a Genuine Upside," by Meredith Somers (Ideas Made to Matter, 2022).The Light We Carry: Overcoming in Uncertain Times, by Michelle Obama (2022)."Prevalence, Predictors, and Treatment of Impostor Syndrome: a Systematic Review," by Dena M. Bravata, Sharon A. Watts, Autumn L. Keefer, Divya K. Madhusudhan, Katie T. Taylor, Dani M. Clark, Ross S. Nelson, Kevin O. Cokley, and Heather K. Hagg (Journal of General Internal Medicine, 2020)."What Is Imposter Syndrome and How Can You Combat It?" by Elizabeth Cox (TED-Ed, 2018)."Is Resilience Only Skin Deep?: Rural African Americans' Socioeconomic Status-Related Risk and Competence in Preadolescence and Psychological Adjustment and Allostatic Load at Age 19," by Gene H. Brody, Tianyi Yu, Edith Chen, Gregory Miller, Steven M. Kogan, and Steven R. H. Beach (Psychological Science, 2013).“Emotion Generation and Emotion Regulation: One or Two Depends on Your Point of View,” by James Gross and Lisa Feldman Barrett (Emotion Review, 2011)."Good C.E.O.’s Are Insecure (and Know It)," by Adam Bryant (The New York Times, 2010).Pour Your Heart Into It: How Starbucks Built a Company One Cup at a Time, by Howard Schultz (1997).EXTRAS:"Reading Dostoevsky Behind Bars," by People I (Mostly) Admire (2023)."Can a Moonshot Approach to Mental Health Work?" by People I (Mostly) Admire (2023)."Why Do We Get Angry?" by No Stupid Questions (2023).SOURCES:Edith Chen, professor of psychology at Northwestern University.Pauline Rose Clance, professor emerita of psychology at Georgia State University.Kess Eruteya, founder of InclusionZ and fellow at the Royal Society for Arts, Manufactures, and Commerce.Obi Felten, founder and C.E.O. of Flourish Labs.Suzanne Ament Imes, clinical psychologist and academic researcher at Georgia State University.Erika James, dean of the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania.Steven Levitt, professor of economics at the University of Chicago, host of People I (Mostly) Admire, and co-author of the Freakonomics books.Gregory Miller, professor of psychology at Northwestern University.Michelle Obama, attorney, author, and former first lady of the United States.Howard Schultz, former C.E.O. and chairman emeritus of Starbucks.Basima Tewfik, professor of work and organization studies at the M.I.T. Sloan School of Management.Eric Weiner, professor of educational foundations at Montclair State University.

How much control do you really have over your body? Could understanding genetics help combat fat-shaming? And why is Mike’s life coach so happy all the time?

How do you practice self-care if you don’t have time for a break? Is it weird to talk to yourself? And does Mike need a bag of Doritos — or just a hug?

How final is a final offer, really? Does anonymity turn nice people into jerks? And should you tell your crush that you dreamed about marrying them?

Why would a successful person feel the need to stick it to the little guy? Is Angela a name-dropper? And why do rappers grab their crotches?

How do you deal with a close talker? Is Angela drinking too much water? And why can’t Mike keep his phone out of his bedroom?

Is it better to be the best player on the worst team or the worst player on the best team? How did Angela cope with her extremely impressive freshman dorm mates? And why won’t Shaquille O'Neal let Charles Barkley have an onion ring?

How well do you know the people in your life, really? Are you stuck having surface-level conversations? And should we all be in couples therapy?

How vulnerable should you get with your coworkers? What’s the benefit of telling strangers about your relationship with your mother? And why did Mike’s childhood home burn down — twice?

What’s more stressful, divorce or jail? Are you in the middle of a “lifequake”? And should we all be taking notes from Martha Stewart?

Why do people drink? Why do people not drink? And why specifically do Angela and Mike not drink?

Is a walk through the city as good as a walk through the woods? Who’s most likely to die while taking a selfie? And how does Angela protect herself from the beer cans falling onto her deck? 

Is it worse to regret something you’ve done, or something you haven’t done? What’s the upside of rejection? And which great American short-story writer convinced Angela to quit driving?

Must one always strive for excellence? Is perfectionism a good thing? And can Mike have two bad days in a row? 

What makes a con succeed? Does snake oil actually work? And just how gullible is Angela?

How do friendships change as we get older? Should you join a bowling league? And is Angela more important to Mike than Mike is to Angela?

What’s the difference between people who preserve special things and people who devour them right away? Why do we love to binge-watch? And did Adam really eat an apple?

Why does time fly when you’re having fun? How do you teach rats to play hide and seek? And what does all this have to do with Anne Boleyn?

Is it enough to toss a soda can in the recycling? Why is Maria obsessed with Nobel Prize lectures? And wait — is that a news alert or a tiger?

Should you visualize success or failure? How do you bounce back from a mistake? And will Maria hustle Angela into a poker game? 

Are highly effective people quicker to share credit? What does poverty do to your brain? And how did Stephen's mother teach him about opportunity costs? Plus: an announcement about the future of the show.

We asked you to nominate the worst sins of the modern age. Which one do Stephen and Angela think belongs on the list? And which does Angie struggle with the most? 

What does the Seven Deadly Sins survey tell us about the people who listen to this podcast? Are we more afflicted by sloth or by lust? And what does Angela mutter under her breath? Take the Seven Deadly Sins survey: freakonomics.com/nsq-sins/ 

Is pride an emotion? Where’s the line between self-esteem and hubris? And what does Stephen have against peacocks? Take the Seven Deadly Sins survey: freakonomics.com/nsq-sins/ 

Who’s greedier — gamblers or casinos? What’s the difference between betting on sports and entering a charity raffle? And does Angela know the name of her city’s football team?Take the Seven Deadly Sins survey: freakonomics.com/nsq-sins/

What does social media do to our self-esteem? How is envy affecting our politics? And should you go to your high school reunion? Take the Seven Deadly Sins survey: freakonomics.com/nsq-sins/

What’s the difference between anger and indignation? What’s Angela’s problem with turkey sandwiches? And why wasn’t a No Stupid Questions listener angry at the men who assaulted him? Take the Seven Deadly Sins survey: freakonomics.com/nsq-sins/

Are we too busy watching Friends? Is porn driving us apart? And why did New Yorkers stop vacationing in the Catskills?Take the Seven Deadly Sins survey: freakonomics.com/nsq-sins/ 

Is your favorite treat changing your brain? Why do so many snacks melt in your mouth? And why can’t Stephen replicate his favorite salad dressing? Take the Seven Deadly Sins survey: freakonomics.com/nsq-sins/ 

How can we distinguish between laziness and patience? Why do people do crossword puzzles? And how is Angie like a combination of a quantum computer and a Sherman tank? Take the Seven Deadly Sins survey: freakonomics.com/nsq-sins/ 

Birthdays! Why do Americans prefer Thanksgiving and the Fourth of July to theirs? Why do they make Stephen think of molasses and chicken feed? And is “Happy Birthday” the worst song ever written?

How far would you go to extend your life? What’s the best way to stay sharp as your brain ages? And does Keith Richards deserve a Nobel Prize? 

What’s the connection between conversations about money and financial literacy? Could the taboo against talking about your salary be fading? And why did Angie’s teenage daughter call Vanguard to learn about I.R.A.s?