Dr Richard Baron MD - Immediate Past President and CEO, American Board of Internal Medicine and ABIM Foundation talks about how social media was used in a positive fashion by healthcare professionals to conduct a successful COVID vaccination program during the height of the pandemic.This podcast was recorded earlier in 2024 prior to Dr Baron's leaving his post as President and CEO of the American Board of Internal Medicine in September 2024REFERENCE Lalani HS, DiResta R, Baron RJ, Scales D. Addressing viral medical rumors and false or misleading information. Annals of Internal Medicine.2023 Aug;176(8):1113-20.

Chimére Sweeney, an award winning , former middle school teacher, writer, film producer, speaker, and long COVID advocate, is interviewed about her Long COVID story. This is the second of two episodes.

Chimére Sweeney, an award winning , former middle school teacher, writer, film producer, speaker, and long COVID advocate, is interviewed about her Long COVID story. This is the first of two episodes.REFERENCES"Could You Hug Me Longer, Please? Reclaiming Touch and Intimacy as a Black Woman with Long COVID". published online in SheKnows February 2023.

Professor Erica Spatz MD talks to Dr Funmi Okunola MD about the effects of Long COVID on the heart. Professor Spatz is a cardiologist and clinical investigator at the Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation. She is the Associate Professor of Cardiology and Associate Professor of Epidemiology at Yale School of Medicine in the USA and is the Director of the Preventative Cardiovascular Health Program. REFERENCES1.Shah SM, Odanovic N, Kunnirickal S, Feher A, Pfau SE, Spatz ES. Chest pain and coronary endothelial dysfunction after recovery from COVID‐19: A case series. Clinical Case Reports. 2022 Apr;10(4):e05612.2.HilserJR, Spencer NJ, Afshari K, Gilliland FD, Hu H, Deb A, Lusis AJ, Wilson Tang WH, Hartiala JA, Hazen SL, Allayee H. COVID-19 Is a Coronary Artery Disease Risk Equivalent and Exhibits a Genetic Interaction With ABO Blood Type. Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology. 2024 Nov;44(11):2321-33.

Professor Ric Arseneau MD is a clinical professor at the University of British Columbia in Vancouver, Canada, and a specialist in Internal Medicine with expertise in Myalgic Encephalomyelitis or Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/ CFS), Fibromyalgia and Long COVID. Dr Funmi Okunola MD talks to Professor Arseneau MD about ME/CFS, Long COVID and the diagnosis and management of Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome (POTS).REFERENCES:1.Definition of Dysautonomia2.Dr Ric Arseneau Homepage3.POTS - NASA Lean Test4 YouTube Video of Physiotherapy Management of Dysautonomia/POTS by Trineta Mohan Bhojwani

Professor Michelle Harkins MD is Professor of Medicine at the School of Medicine at the University of New Mexico and Division Chief Of Pulmonary Critical Care in the United States of America is interviewed by Dr Funmi Okunola MD about breathing difficulties with Long COVID.REFERENCES1 Breathing Difficulty in Long COVID - Long COVID the Answers Website2. . Evans R, Pick A, Lardner R, Masey V, Smith N, Greenhalgh T. Breathing difficulties after covid-19: a guide for primary care. bmj. 2023 Jun 14;381.

This interview is part of our neurological Long COVID section of the series. Professor Thida Thant MD is an award-winning consultation liaison psychiatrist  and Director of the Psychiatric Consultation for the Medically Complex Clinic at the University of Colorado, where she provides rehabilitation for Long COVID survivors.  She is one of the few psychiatrists we have found who is taking a lead in the rehabilitation of people with complex chronic disease.References1 Psychiatric Consultation for the Medically Complex Program at the University of Colorado2 APA Resource Document on Neuropsychiatric Symptoms of Subacute & Chronic Long COVID

Professor Ric Arseneau MD is a clinical professor at the University of British Columbia in Vancouver, Canada, and a specialist in internal medicine with expertise in Myalgic Encephalomyelitis or Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/ CFS), Fibromyalgia and Long COVID. He is interviewed today about ME/CFS by Dr Funmi Okunola MD.REFERENCES1. Walitt B, Singh K, LaMunion SR, Hallett M, Jacobson S, Chen K, Enose-Akahata Y, Apps R, Barb JJ, Bedard P, Brychta RJ. Deep phenotyping of post-infectious myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome. Nature Communications. 2024 Feb 21;15(1):907.2 Project ECHO at the University of New Mexico3 Dr Ric Arseneau Website4. ME TV 5 "Family & Friends" - ME TV Video6 2003 Canadian Consensus Criteria for ME/CFS7 2016 Definition for Fibromyalgia (FM)8 Vahratian A, Lin JM, Bertolli J, Unger ER. Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome in adults: United States, 2021–2022. US Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics; 2023 Dec 1.9 "Chronic Fatigue Syndrome More Common than Previous Estimates" - Medical News Dec 202310 Hickie I, Davenport T, Wakefield D, Vollmer-Conna U, Cameron B, Vernon SD, Reeves WC, Lloyd A. Post-infective and chronic fatigue syndromes precipitated by viral and non-viral pathogens: prospective cohort study.Bmj. 2006 Sep 14;333(7568):575.

Dr Amy Proal, Microbiologist, President and Chief Scientific Officer of Polybio discusses Long COVID in the context of other viral illnesses that lead to Chronic Post Viral Illness. This is part 2 of a 2 part series.REFERENCES1. Polybio2. Proal AD, VanElzakker MB. Long COVID or post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC): an overview of biological factors that may contribute to persistent symptoms. Frontiers in microbiology. 2021 Jun 23;12:698169.

Dr Amy Proal, Microbiologist, President and Chief Scientific Officer of Polybio discusses Long COVID in the context of other viral illnesses that lead to Chronic Post Viral Illness. This is part 1 of a 2 part series.REFERENCESPolybioProal AD, VanElzakker MB. Long COVID or post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC): an overview of biological factors that may contribute to persistent symptoms. Frontiers in microbiology. 2021 Jun 23;12:698169.

Professor James Jackson PsyD is a licensed neuropsychologist and internationally renowned expert on Long Covid and its effects on cognitive and mental health functioning. He is a research professor of Medicine and Psychiatry at Vanderbilt, University School of Medicine Consortium in Nashville, Tennessee in the USA. He is interviewed by Dr Funmi Okunola about the psychological management of mental illness in Long COVID.References1. “Clearing the Fog from Surviving to Thriving with Long COVID – A Practical Guide”.2. The Long COVID Handbook by Gez Medinger & Professor Danny Altmann3.Dindo L, Van Liew JR, Arch JJ. Acceptance and commitment therapy: a transdiagnostic behavioral intervention for mental health and medical conditions. Neurotherapeutics. 2017 Jul 1;14(3):546-53.4.REVERSE LC - Randomized trial Evaluating Baricitinib on pERSistent nEurologic and Cardiopulmonary Symptoms of Long COVID5."Live Like You Were Dying" - lyrics6.Field Of Dreams -Movie7.GAD-78.The Hospital Anxiety & Depression Scale9.The Impact of Events Scale Revised10.Post Traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist

Professor James Jackson PsyD is a licensed neuropsychologist and internationally renowned expert on Long Covid and its effects on cognitive and mental health functioning. He is a research professor of Medicine and Psychiatry at Vanderbilt, University School of Medicine Consortium in Nashville, Tennessee in the USA. He is interviewed by Dr Funmi Okunola about the nature and rehabilitation of Brain Fog in Long COVID.He is also author of “Clearing the Fog from Surviving to Thriving with Long COVID – A Practical Guide”.REFERENCES1. “Clearing the Fog from Surviving to Thriving with Long COVID – A Practical Guide”.2. The Long COVID Handbook by Gez Medinger & Professor Danny Altmann3. MoCa Test4. Mini Mental State Exam

THIS PODCAST WAS RECORDED ON THE 17th JANUARY 2024Professor David Cutler, the Otto Eckstein Professor of Applied Economics at Harvard University in the U.S.A., research associate at the National Bureau of Economic Research and a member of the National Academy of Medicine in the USA talks about the economic cost of Long COVID.REFERENCES1 Otto Eckstein2 Cutler DM, Summers LH. The COVID-19 pandemic and the $16 trillion virus. Jama. 2020Oct 20;324(15):1495-6.3 Cutler DM. The economic cost of long COVID: an update. Publish Online July. 2022.

Dr Richard J. Baron MD - President and CEO of the American Board of InternalMedicine and the American Board of Internal Medicine Foundation, talks to Dr FunmiOkunola about how Primary Care needs to adapt to provide medical services forLong COVID and other forms of chronic disease.1. The Patient Centered Medical Home, History, Seven Core Features, Evidence andTransformational Change – Published by the Robert Graham Center, 20072. Homer CJ, Baron RJ. How to scale up primary care transformation: what we know and what we need to know?. Journal of general internal medicine. 2010 Jun;25:625-9.3. The Aspen Policy Strategy Institute

Dr Funmi Okunola MD interviews Professor Michelle Harkins MD – Professor of Medicine atthe School of Medicine at the University of New Mexico in the USA about how to diagnose Long COVID in Primary Care.  Professor Harkins runs a Post COVID clinic and Project Echo telehealth program that provides real time education and case discussions for community health practitioners for the management of Long COVID in the community.1. Pinto MD, Lambert N, Downs CA, Abrahim H, Hughes TD, Rahmani AM, Burton CW,Chakraborty R. Antihistamines for postacute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection.The Journal for Nurse Practitioners. 2022 Mar 1;18(3):335-8.2. Brennan CM, Nadella S, Zhao X, Dima RJ, Jordan-Martin N, Demestichas BR, Kleeman SO, Ferrer M, von Gablenz EC, Mourikis N, Rubin ME. Oral famotidine versus placebo in non-hospitalised patients with COVID-19: a randomised, double-blind, data-intense, phase 2 clinical trial. Gut. 2022 May 1;71(5):879-88.3. Tosato M, Calvani R, Picca A, Ciciarello F, Galluzzo V, Coelho-Júnior HJ, Di Giorgio A, Di Mario C, Gervasoni J, Gremese E, Leone PM. Effects of l-arginine plus vitamin C supplementation on physical performance, endothelial function, and persistent fatigue in adults with long COVID: a single-blind randomized controlled trial. Nutrients. 2022 Nov 23;14(23):4984. 4. O'Kelly B, Vidal L, McHugh T, Woo J, Avramovic G, Lambert JS. Safety and efficacy oflow dose naltrexone in a long covid cohort; an interventional pre-post study.Brain, Behavior, & Immunity-Health. 2022 Oct 1;24:100485.

Professor Todd Davenport is the Professor and Vice Chair of the Department of Physical Therapy in the School of Health Sciences at the University of the Pacific in Stockton, California, USA is interviewed by Dr Funmi Okunola about Post Exertional Malaise in Long COVID and ME/CFS.REFERENCES1.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Davenport TE,Stevens SR, Stevens J, Snell CR, VanNess JM. Lessons from myalgicencephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome for Long COVID: Postexertionalsymptom exacerbation is an abnormal response to exercise/activity. J OrthopSports Phys Ther. 2022.2.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Long COVID Physio’s Pacing Video3.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Carruthers et al International Consensus Criteria for ME, which contains the criteria for PENE4.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Walitt B, Singh K, LaMunion SR, Hallett M, Jacobson S, Chen K, Enose-Akahata Y, AppsR, Barb JJ, Bedard P, Brychta RJ. Deep phenotyping of post-infectious myalgicencephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome. Nature Communications. 2024 Feb21;15(1):907. 5.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Appelman B, Charlton BT, Goulding RP, Kerkhoff TJ, Breedveld EA, Noort W, Offringa C,Bloemers FW, van Weeghel M, Schomakers BV, Coelho P. Muscle abnormalitiesworsen after post-exertional malaise in long COVID. Nature communications. 2024Jan 4;15(1):1-56.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;PEM time course fact sheet7.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Energy saving tips fact sheet8.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Heart rate monitor fact sheet9.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Why do a two-day CPET? Informational sheet10.&nbsp;<a href="https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/cellular-respiration-and-fermentation/pyruvate-oxidation-and-the-citric-acid-cycle/a/the-citric-acid-cycle" rel="noopener noreferrer"...

Highly respected investigative science journalist, filmmaker, Long COVID advocate and Long Hauler Gez Medinger talks about his personal Long COVID story in this interview with Dr Funmi Okunola.REFERENCES1 The Long COVID Handbook by Gez Medinger &amp; Professor Danny Altmann2. Patcai J. Is ‘Long Covid’similar to ‘Long SARS’?. Oxford Open Immunology. 2022 Jan1;3(1):iqac002.3. Gez Medinger You Tube Channel4. The Shawshank Redemption5. PACE trial &amp; ME/CFS &amp; Shepherd CB. PACE trial claims for recovery in myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome–true or false? It’s time for an independent review of the methodology and results. Journal of Health Psychology. 2017 Aug;22(9):1187-91.

This is the second of a two-part series of episodes about Paediatric Long Haulers. Dr Danilo Buonsenso is a is a Physician-Scientist and a specialist in Infectious Diseases in children. He talks with Dr Funmi Okunola MD about how to diagnose and manage children with Long COVID. Dr. Buonsenso currently works at the Department of Women, Child and Public Health at the Gemelli University Hospital in Rome, Italy.Research Articles and Links:1. Bygdell M, Kindblom JM, Martikainen J, Li H, Nyberg F. Incidence and characteristics in children with post–COVID-19 condition in Sweden. JAMA Network Open. 2023 Jul3;6(7):e2324246-.2.Buonsenso &amp; the Kids3.Long COVID Kids4.IP4C - Brackel CL, Noij LC, Vijverberg SJ, Legghe CL, Maitland-van der Zee AH, Van Goudoever JB, Buonsenso D, Munblit D, Sigfrid L, McFarland S, Anmyr L. International Care programs for Pediatric Post-COVID Condition (Long COVID) and the way forward. Pediatric research. 2024 Jan 29:1-6.

In this episode Dr Danilo Buonsenso explains the underlying mechanisms of Long COVID in children.Dr Danilo Buonsenso MD Phd is a Paediatric Infectious Disease Specialist and Physician Scientist who currently works at the Department of Woman, Child and Public Health at the Gemelli University Hospital in Rome.&nbsp; He has a PhD in Public Health and Biomolecular Sciences and is currently doing his MSc in Infectious Disease at Oxford University.&nbsp;References1.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The WHO definition of Post-COVID condition in children.2.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Bygdell M, Kindblom JM, Martikainen J, Li H, Nyberg F. Incidence and characteristics in children with post–COVID-19 condition in Sweden. JAMA Network Open. 2023 Jul 3;6(7):e2324246-. 3.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Thors V, Bjornsdottir KL, Love TJ, Haraldsson A. Long COVID in Icelandic Children: A Matched Cohort Study of Nonspecific Symptoms Following SARS-CoV-2 Infection. The Pediatric InfectiousDisease Journal. 2024 Mar 1;43(3):226-33. (behind a paywall)4.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Delogu AB, Aliberti C, Birritella L, De Rosa G, De Rose C, Morello R, Cambise N, Marino AG, Belmusto A, Tinti L, Di Renzo A. Autonomic cardiac function in children and adolescents with long COVID: a case-controlled study. European Journal of Pediatrics. 25.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; BaldiF, De Rose C, Mariani F, Morello R, Raffaelli F, Valentini P, Buonsenso D.Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing in Children With Long COVID: A Case-controlledStudy. The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal. 2024 May 7:10-97.6.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Cocciolillo F, Chieffo DP, Giordano A, Arcangeli V, Lazzareschi I, Morello R, Zampino G,Valentini P, Buonsenso D. Case report: Post-COVID new-onset neurocognitive decline with bilateral mesial-temporal hypometabolism in two previously healthy sisters. Fr7.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Cocciolillo F, Di Giuda D, Morello R, De Rose C, Valentini P, Buonsenso D. Orbito-frontal cortexhypometabolism in children with post-COVID condition (long COVID): a preliminary experience. The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal. 2022 Aug 1;41(8):663-5.&nbsp;