The Victorians saw Plato's Republic as an indispensable guide to reform of the public sphere - we should follow their lead. Read by Leighton Pugh. https://engelsbergideas.com/essays/leadership-in-crisis-why-the-west-needs-plato-more-than-ever/ Credit: Sepia Times/Universal Images Group via Getty Images

Karl Marx was wrong about revolutions - in practice, they beget Caesars and Napoleons. Read by Leighton Pugh. https://engelsbergideas.com/essays/history-shows-revolutions-are-a-disaster/ Credit: Andrew Maclear/Hulton Archive/Getty Images

Social upheaval has often been a catalyst for artistic change - the Renaissance was no exception. Read by Leighton Pugh. https://engelsbergideas.com/essays/crisis-and-the-creation-of-great-art/ Credit: Mauro Magliani for Alinari/Alinari Archives, Florence/Alinari via Getty Images

Empty city London had its harbingers in literature and history. How will it emerge from its isolation? Read by Leighton Pugh. https://engelsbergideas.com/essays/pandemics-and-the-metropolis-city-lockdown-london/ Credit: 1000 Words / Shuttersotck

Despite globalisation, the nation state retains its privileged position in world politics. Read by Leighton Pugh. https://engelsbergideas.com/essays/a-world-of-nations-and-states-is-here-to-stay/ Credit: AMA/Corbis via Getty Images

Beijing wants to foster a world where Chinese standards replace those of the post-1945 US-led system. Read by Leighton Pugh. https://engelsbergideas.com/essays/chinese-china-the-great-uncoupling/ Credit: Feng Li/Getty Images

The tension between independence and compliance is everywhere in society – but in medicine, reason must come before rules. Read by Leighton Pugh. https://engelsbergideas.com/essays/covid-19-and-the-moral-case-for-personal-judgement/ Credit: DeAgostini/Getty Images

This period of turbulence could turn today's twenty-somethings into the leaders of a new liberal revolution. Read by Leighton Pugh. https://engelsbergideas.com/essays/meet-the-zoomer-generation/ Credit: Jack Taylor/Getty Images

As a result of President Erdogan's embrace of two interlinked geopolitical concepts, 'Strategic Depth' and 'Blue Homeland', Turkey faces international isolation. Read by Leighton Pugh. https://engelsbergideas.com/essays/new-turkeys-old-politics/ Credit: Kerem Uzel/Bloomberg via Getty Images

To argue that Margaret Thatcher attacked the post-war dream is to caricature, not illuminate, her importance to British history. Read by Leighton Pugh. https://engelsbergideas.com/essays/continuity-thatcher-rescuing-a-complex-leader-from-historical-cliche/ Credit: John Downing/Getty Images

Thucydides saw plague as an opportunity to improve the health of society. But history shows that pandemics have a way of disrupting medical and social progress. Read by Leighton Pugh. https://engelsbergideas.com/essays/challenging-the-great-reset-theory-of-pandemics Credit: Bettmann

Amid the tumult of the 1970s, it appeared the traditional country house had gone into irreversible decline - but it was too early to write it off. Read by Leighton Pugh. https://engelsbergideas.com/essays/upstairs-downstairs-demolished-the-changing-fate-of-the-english-country-house/ Credit: The Print Collector/Print Collector/Getty Images

The Covid-19 crisis has accentuated all the geopolitical fault lines of the past decade. Read by Leighton Pugh. https://engelsbergideas.com/essays/geopolitics-pandemic-geopolitical-conflict/ Credit: Adobe Stock

The constitutional order is changing as citizens become alienated and demand more say. Americans must take care that their habits of law are not swept away. Read by Leighton Pugh. https://engelsbergideas.com/essays/a-government-of-laws/ Credit: REUTERS / Alamy Stock Photo

London's response to its last plague epidemic involved close collaboration between crown, City and parish. Read by Leighton Pugh. https://engelsbergideas.com/essays/living-with-the-great-plague-of-1665/ Credit: Culture Club / Getty Images

The films of John Hughes updated the American Dream for a new generation, and his complex legacy helps us understand what went so wrong. Read by Leighton Pugh. https://engelsbergideas.com/essays/john-hughes-and-the-making-and-unmaking-of-the-american-dream/ Credit: CBS via Getty Images

Forget the seduction of grand theories and presentist moral judgments. To learn the lessons of the past, the great foreign policy analysts of our age must rediscover the art of historical discernment. Read by Leighton Pugh. https://engelsbergideas.com/essays/the-case-for-applied-history/ Credit: BLM Collection / Alamy Stock Photo

The Romans have so much to teach us about what it means to live in a society in crisis. Read by Leighton Pugh. https://engelsbergideas.com/essays/survival-lessons-from-ancient-rome/ Credit: Thomas Cole / Public domain

Covid-19 heralds the end of our interconnected world. We'll need wise leaders to navigate what comes next. Read by Leighton Pugh. https://engelsbergideas.com/essays/this-crisis-has-the-capacity-to-be-apocalyptic/ Credit: Getty Images

Iain Martin with guests Sir Nigel Sheinwald, Professor Joseph Nye, Karin von Hippel and Tom McTague on the foreign policy change facing the Biden administration

Mattias Hessérus is in conversation with John Ferris, the historian 'behind the enigma' of Britain's signals intelligence agency.

Mattias Hessérus is in conversation with Helen Fry on the ingenious exploits of MI9 – the secret service for escape and evasion.

Mattias Hessérus is in conversation with David Omand, former director of GCHQ, on how we can all learn to think like a spy.

Over 40,000 books have been written on JFK since his assassination, yet none have succeeded in getting behind the myth of Camelot. Join Mattias Hessérus in discussion with Fredrik Logevall on the making of the man who enchanted America.

Iain Martin with guests Adrian Wooldridge and Vernon Bogdanor discusses the covid crisis and the long-term impact that it might have on the development of the West.

In this episode of History Lessons, Mattias Hesserus is joined by Alexander Lee to discuss Machiavelli’s life and works. Was he always an adept politician?  Was he as immoral as is often claimed?

In this episode of History Lessons, Mattias Hesserus and Jessica Frazier are in conversation about the differences between Eastern and Western philosophies of crisis. Is the desire for a return to ’normal’ inherently western? What can we learn from narratives of rebirth? And, was the global lockdown a mass-participation yogic experiment?

How did the West land in, what we might politely call, a 'sub-optimal' condition? And is a revival of the West feasible? To discuss these questions Iain Martin is joined by Peter Frankopan and David Frum. This is an Engeslberg Ideas podcast.

On this episode of History Lessons, Mattias Hessérus is joined by the historian and author Andrew Roberts to look through the careers of great figures like Napoleon Bonaparte, Winston Churchill and Margaret Thatcher (as well as some of history's great villains, Adolf Hitler and Joseph Stalin) and see how they handled the pressure of a crisis. History Lessons is an Engelsberg Ideas podcast. Hosted by Mattias Hessérus. With Andrew Roberts. Produced by Nick Hilton for Podot.