A Daily Dose of History (17 Jan 2024) Today's historical events: Saint Marcellus' flood kills at least 25,000 people on the shores of the North Sea. Pope Gregory XI reaches Rome, after deciding to move the Papacy back to Rome from Avignon. Giovanni da Verrazzano sets sail westward from Madeira to find a sea route to the Pacific Ocean. France grants religious toleration to the Huguenots in the Edict of Saint-Germain. During the French Wars of Religion, Henry IV of France declares war on Spain. Emperor Susenyos I of Ethiopia surprises an Oromo army at Ebenat; his army reportedly kills 12,000 Oromo at the cost of 400 of his men. England's Long Parliament passes the "Vote of No Addresses", breaking off negotiations with King Charles I and thereby setting the scene for the second phase of the English Civil War. Captain James Cook leads the first expedition to sail south of the Antarctic Circle. American Revolutionary War: Battle of Cowpens: Continental troops under Brigadier General Daniel Morgan defeat British forces under Lieutenant Colonel Banastre Tarleton at the battle in South Carolina. Maltese patriot Dun Mikiel Xerri, along with a number of other patriots, is executed. Information from this episode are sourced from API Ninjas Explanations from OpenAI ChatGPT API with proprietary prompts. This podcast is produced by Klassic Studios Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

A Daily Dose of History (16 Jan 2024) Today's historical events: Emir Abd-ar-Rahman III establishes the Caliphate of Córdoba. Saint Marcellus's flood kills at least 25,000 people on the shores of the North Sea. Bigod's Rebellion, an armed insurrection attempting to resist the English Reformation, begins. Grand Duke Ivan IV of Muscovy becomes the first Tsar of Russia, replacing the 264-year-old Grand Duchy of Moscow with the Tsardom of Russia. Philip II becomes King of Spain. Thomas Howard, 4th Duke of Norfolk is tried and found guilty of treason for his part in the Ridolfi plot to restore Catholicism in England. The first edition of El ingenioso hidalgo Don Quijote de la Mancha (Book One of Don Quixote) by Miguel de Cervantes is published in Madrid, Spain. The Scottish Parliament ratifies the Act of Union, paving the way for the creation of Great Britain. Information from this episode are sourced from API Ninjas Explanations from OpenAI ChatGPT API with proprietary prompts. This podcast is produced by Klassic Studios Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

A Daily Dose of History (15 Jan 2024) Today's historical events: Elizabeth I is crowned Queen of England in Westminster Abbey, London. Truce of Yam-Zapolsky: Russia cedes Livonia to the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. The British Museum opens to the public. American Revolutionary War: New Connecticut (present-day Vermont) declares its independence. Superintendent of Finance Robert Morris addresses the U.S. Congress to recommend establishment of a national mint and decimal coinage. War of 1812: American frigate USS President, commanded by Commodore Stephen Decatur, is captured by a squadron of four British frigates. A paper by David Brewster is read to the Royal Society, belatedly announcing his discovery of what we now call the biaxial class of doubly-refracting crystals. On the same day, Augustin-Jean Fresnel signs a "supplement" (submitted four days later) on reflection of polarized light. Greek War of Independence: Demetrios Ypsilantis is elected president of the legislative assembly. American Civil War: Fort Fisher in North Carolina falls to the Union, thus cutting off the last major seaport of the Confederacy. Forty people die when ice covering the boating lake at Regent's Park, London, collapses. Information from this episode are sourced from API Ninjas Explanations from OpenAI ChatGPT API with proprietary prompts. This podcast is produced by Klassic Studios Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

A Daily Dose of History (14 Jan 2024) Today's historical events: King Henry III of England marries Eleanor of Provence. Andrew III of Hungary dies, ending the Árpád dynasty in Hungary. The "Fundamental Orders", the first written constitution that created a government, is adopted in Connecticut. The Third Battle of Panipat is fought in India between the Afghans under Ahmad Shah Durrani and the Marathas. American Revolutionary War: Ratification Day, United States - Congress ratifies the Treaty of Paris with Great Britain. Treaty of Kiel: Frederick VI of Denmark cedes the Kingdom of Norway to Charles XIII of Sweden in return for Pomerania. Napoleon III of France escapes an assassination attempt made by Felice Orsini and his accomplices in Paris. Giacomo Puccini's Tosca opens in Rome. An earthquake in Kingston, Jamaica kills more than 1,000 people. Roald Amundsen's South Pole expedition makes landfall on the eastern edge of the Ross Ice Shelf. Norway claims Queen Maud Land in Antarctica. World War II: Japan begins Operation Ke, the successful operation to evacuate its forces from Guadalcanal during the Guadalcanal Campaign. Information from this episode are sourced from API Ninjas Explanations from OpenAI ChatGPT API with proprietary prompts. This podcast is produced by Klassic Studios Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

A Daily Dose of History (13 Jan 2024) Today's historical events: Sicut Dudum, forbidding the enslavement of the Guanche natives in Canary Islands by the Spanish, is promulgated by Pope Eugene IV. Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey, is sentenced to death for treason, on the grounds of having quartered his arms to make them similar to those of the King, Henry VIII of England. French Revolutionary Wars: A naval battle between a French ship of the line and two British frigates off the coast of Brittany ends with the French vessel running aground, resulting in over 900 deaths. The design of the Greek flag is adopted by the First National Assembly at Epidaurus. United States President Andrew Jackson writes to Vice President Martin Van Buren expressing his opposition to South Carolina's defiance of federal authority in the Nullification Crisis. The steamship Lexington burns and sinks four miles off the coast of Long Island with the loss of 139 lives. Dr. William Brydon, an assistant surgeon in the British East India Company Army during the First Anglo-Afghan War, becomes famous for being the sole survivor of an army of 4,500 men and 12,000 camp followers when he reaches the safety of a garrison in Jalalabad, Afghanistan. The Treaty of Cahuenga ends the Mexican-American War in California. Information from this episode are sourced from API Ninjas Explanations from OpenAI ChatGPT API with proprietary prompts. This podcast is produced by Klassic Studios Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

A Daily Dose of History (12 Jan 2024) Today's historical events: Gustav I of Sweden is crowned King of Sweden, having already reigned since his election in June 1523. Bayinnaung, who would go on to assemble the largest empire in the history of Southeast Asia, is crowned King of Burma. The city of Belém, Brazil is founded on the Amazon River delta, by Portuguese captain Francisco Caldeira Castelo Branco. The organizational meeting leading to the creation of the Wernerian Natural History Society, a former Scottish learned society, is held in Edinburgh. The Palermo rising takes place in Sicily against the Bourbon Kingdom of the Two Sicilies. The Royal Aeronautical Society is formed in London. Yohannes IV is crowned Emperor of Ethiopia in Axum, the first imperial coronation in that city in over 200 years. The National Trust is founded in the United Kingdom. The University of the Philippines College of Law is formally established; three future Philippine presidents are among the first enrollees. Information from this episode are sourced from API Ninjas Explanations from OpenAI ChatGPT API with proprietary prompts. This podcast is produced by Klassic Studios Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

A Daily Dose of History (11 Jan 2024) Today's historical events: Vladislaus II, Duke of Bohemia becomes King of Bohemia. Arauco War: A Spanish army is defeated by local Mapuche-Huilliches as it tries to cross Bueno River in Southern Chile. A powerful earthquake destroys parts of Sicily and Malta. The first American life insurance company, the Corporation for Relief of Poor and Distressed Presbyterian Ministers and of the Poor and Distressed Widows and Children of the Presbyterian Ministers (now part of Unum Group), is incorporated in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Ching-Thang Khomba is crowned King of Manipur. William Herschel discovers Titania and Oberon, two moons of Uranus. The Michigan Territory is created. American Civil War: Battle of Arkansas Post: General John McClernand and Admiral David Dixon Porter capture the Arkansas River for the Union. American Civil War: CSS Alabama encounters and sinks the USS Hatteras off Galveston Lighthouse in Texas. Information from this episode are sourced from API Ninjas Explanations from OpenAI ChatGPT API with proprietary prompts. This podcast is produced by Klassic Studios Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

A Daily Dose of History (10 Jan 2024) Today's historical events: Pope Fabian succeeds Anterus to become the twentieth pope of Rome. Robert Guiscard conquers Palermo in Sicily for the Normans. Philip the Good, the Duke of Burgundy, establishes the Order of the Golden Fleece, the most prestigious, exclusive, and expensive order of chivalry in the world. Stephen III of Moldavia defeats the Ottoman Empire at the Battle of Vaslui. Archbishop William Laud is beheaded for treason at the Tower of London. American Revolution: Thomas Paine publishes his pamphlet Common Sense. The Siege of Dunlap's Station begins near Cincinnati during the Northwest Indian War. The first steamboat on the Ohio River or the Mississippi River arrives in New Orleans, 82 days after departing from Pittsburgh. American Civil War: Florida becomes the third state to secede from the Union. The Metropolitan Railway, the world's oldest underground railway, opens between Paddington and Farringdon, marking the beginning of the London Underground. Information from this episode are sourced from API Ninjas Explanations from OpenAI ChatGPT API with proprietary prompts. This podcast is produced by Klassic Studios Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

A Daily Dose of History (09 Jan 2024) Today's historical events: Twelfth Council of Toledo: King Erwig of the Visigoths initiates a council in which he implements diverse measures against the Jews in Spain. Jin-Song Wars: Invading Jurchen soldiers from the Jin dynasty besiege and sack Bianjing (Kaifeng), the capital of the Song dynasty of China, and abduct Emperor Qinzong of Song and others, ending the Northern Song dynasty. The trial of Joan of Arc begins in Rouen. Ahmad Shah Durrani defeats the Marathas in the Battle of Barari Ghat. Connecticut becomes the fifth state to ratify the United States Constitution. Jean-Pierre Blanchard becomes the first person to fly in a balloon in the United States. Admiral Horatio Lord Nelson receives a state funeral and is interred in St Paul's Cathedral. Humphry Davy tests his safety lamp for miners at Hebburn Colliery. The Portuguese prince Pedro I of Brazil decides to stay in Brazil against the orders of the Portuguese King João VI, beginning the Brazilian independence process. The French Academy of Sciences announces the Daguerreotype photography process. Information from this episode are sourced from API Ninjas Explanations from OpenAI ChatGPT API with proprietary prompts. This podcast is produced by Klassic Studios Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

A Daily Dose of History (08 Jan 2024) Today's historical events: Jin Huaidi becomes emperor of China in succession to his father, Jin Huidi, despite a challenge from his uncle, Sima Ying. François Grimaldi, disguised as a monk, leads his men to capture the fortress protecting the Rock of Monaco, establishing his family as the rulers of Monaco. The papal bull Romanus Pontifex awards the Kingdom of Portugal exclusive trade and colonization rights to all of Africa south of Cape Bojador. Louis XII of France marries Anne of Brittany in accordance with a law set by his predecessor, Charles VIII. The first Lithuanian-language book, the Catechism of Martynas Mažvydas, is published in Königsberg. The premiere of George Frideric Handel's Ariodante takes place at the Royal Opera House, Covent Garden. Second Jacobite rising: Bonnie Prince Charlie occupies Stirling. George Washington delivers the first State of the Union address in New York City. The Dutch Cape Colony in southern Africa becomes the British Cape Colony as a result of the Battle of Blaauwberg. Charles Deslondes leads an unsuccessful slave revolt in the North American settlements of St. Charles and St. James, Louisiana. War of 1812: Battle of New Orleans: Andrew Jackson leads American forces in victory over the British. The Democratic Party of the United States is organized. Information from this episode are sourced from API Ninjas Explanations from OpenAI ChatGPT API with proprietary prompts. This podcast is produced by Klassic Studios Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

A Daily Dose of History (07 Jan 2024) Today's historical events: Alfonso IV becomes King of Portugal. French troops, led by Francis, Duke of Guise, take Calais, the last continental possession of England. Fire destroys Jamestown, Virginia. Galileo Galilei makes his first observation of the four Galilean moons: Ganymede, Callisto, Io and Europa, although he is not able to distinguish the last two until the following day. Frenchman Jean-Pierre Blanchard and American John Jeffries travel from Dover, England, to Calais, France, in a gas balloon. HMS Beagle, with Charles Darwin on board, drops anchor off the Chonos Archipelago. Thomas Edison makes a kinetoscopic film of someone sneezing. On the same day, his employee, William Kennedy Dickson, receives a patent for motion picture film. Montenegrin guerrilla fighters rebel against the planned annexation of Montenegro by Serbia, but fail. The New York State Assembly refuses to seat five duly elected Socialist assemblymen. Information from this episode are sourced from API Ninjas Explanations from OpenAI ChatGPT API with proprietary prompts. This podcast is produced by Klassic Studios Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

A Daily Dose of History (06 Jan 2024) Today's historical events: Following the death of Edward the Confessor on the previous day, the Witan meets to confirm Harold Godwinson as the new King of England; Harold is crowned the same day, sparking a succession crisis that will eventually lead to the Norman conquest of England. Philip of Swabia undergoes a second coronation as King of the Romans. Stephen Uroš III is crowned King of Serbia, having defeated his half-brother Stefan Konstantin in battle. His son is crowned "young king" in the same ceremony. Charles IV of Bohemia is crowned with the Iron Crown of Lombardy as King of Italy in Milan. The Catholic Monarchs Ferdinand and Isabella enter Granada at the conclusion of the Granada War. The first European school of higher learning in the Americas, Colegio de Santa Cruz de Tlatelolco, is founded by Viceroy Antonio de Mendoza and Bishop Juan de Zumárraga in Mexico City. King Henry VIII of England marries Anne of Cleves. The Union of Arras unites the southern Netherlands under the Duke of Parma (Ottavio Farnese), governor in the name of King Philip II of Spain. Arauco War: The first Parliament of Quillín is celebrated, putting a temporary hold on hostilities between Mapuches and Spanish in Chile. English Restoration: The Fifth Monarchists unsuccessfully attempt to seize control of London, England. The revolt is suppressed after a few days. The Committee of Inquiry on the South Sea Bubble publishes its findings, revealing details of fraud among company directors and corrupt politicians. In the Battle of Jersey, the British defeat the last attempt by France to invade Jersey in the Channel Islands. Information from this episode are sourced from API Ninjas Explanations from OpenAI ChatGPT API with proprietary prompts. This podcast is produced by Klassic Studios Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

A Daily Dose of History (05 Jan 2024) Today's historical events: Battle of Nancy: Charles the Bold is defeated and killed in a conflict with René II, Duke of Lorraine; Burgundy subsequently becomes part of France. Louis XV of France survives an assassination attempt by Robert-François Damiens, the last person to be executed in France by drawing and quartering, the traditional form of capital punishment used for regicides. The Palais Garnier, one of the most famous opera houses in the world, is inaugurated in Paris. Kappa Alpha Psi, the world's third oldest and largest black fraternity, is founded at Indiana University. The sixth All-Russian Conference of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (Prague Party Conference) opens. In the course of the conference, Vladimir Lenin and his supporters break from the rest of the party to form the Bolshevik movement. First Balkan War: The Battle of Lemnos begins; Greek admiral Pavlos Kountouriotis forces the Turkish fleet to retreat to its base within the Dardanelles, from which it did not venture for the rest of the war. The Ford Motor Company announces an eight-hour workday and minimum daily wage of $5 in salary plus bonuses. The German Workers' Party, which would become the Nazi Party, is founded in Munich. Information from this episode are sourced from API Ninjas Explanations from OpenAI ChatGPT API with proprietary prompts. This podcast is produced by Klassic Studios Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

A Daily Dose of History (04 Jan 2024) Today's historical events: Battle of Reading: Æthelred of Wessex and his brother Alfred are defeated by a Danish invasion army. English Civil War: The Rump Parliament votes to put Charles I on trial. Great Britain declares war on Spain, which meant the entry of Spain into the Seven Years' War. The McDonald Islands are discovered by Captain William McDonald aboard the Samarang. The New Apostolic Church, a Christian and chiliastic church, is established in Hamburg, Germany. Russo-Turkish War (1877-78): Sofia is liberated from Ottoman rule and designated the capital of Liberated Bulgaria. The Fabian Society is founded in London, United Kingdom. Sino-French War: French troops under General Oscar de Négrier defeat a numerically superior Qing force at Núi Bop in northern Vietnam. Information from this episode are sourced from API Ninjas Explanations from OpenAI ChatGPT API with proprietary prompts. This podcast is produced by Klassic Studios Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

A Daily Dose of History (03 Jan 2024) Today's historical events: The Roman legions on the Rhine refuse to declare their allegiance to Galba, instead proclaiming their legate, Aulus Vitellius, as emperor. Pope Leo X excommunicates Martin Luther in the papal bull Decet Romanum Pontificem. Benning Wentworth issues the first of the New Hampshire Grants, leading to the establishment of Vermont. The first issue of Berlingske, Denmark's oldest continually operating newspaper, is published. American General George Washington defeats British General Lord Cornwallis at the Battle of Princeton. Captain James Onslow, in the Clio, reasserts British sovereignty over the Falkland Islands. Joseph Jenkins Roberts is sworn in as the first president of Liberia. American Civil War: Delaware votes not to secede from the United States. Meiji Restoration in Japan: The Tokugawa shogunate is abolished; agents of Satsuma and Chōshū seize power. Sino-French War: Beginning of the Battle of Núi Bop. Information from this episode are sourced from API Ninjas Explanations from OpenAI ChatGPT API with proprietary prompts. This podcast is produced by Klassic Studios Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

A Daily Dose of History (02 Jan 2024) Today's historical events: Reconquista: The Emirate of Granada, the last Moorish stronghold in Spain, surrenders. American Revolutionary War: American forces under the command of George Washington repulsed a British attack at the Battle of the Assunpink Creek near Trenton, New Jersey. Georgia becomes the fourth state to ratify the United States Constitution. Big Bottom massacre in the Ohio Country, North America, marking the beginning of the Northwest Indian War. The British Institution of Civil Engineers is founded by a group of six engineers; Thomas Telford would later become its first president. Uruguayan War: The Siege of Paysandú ends as the Brazilians and Coloradans capture Paysandú, Uruguay. Information from this episode are sourced from API Ninjas Explanations from OpenAI ChatGPT API with proprietary prompts. This podcast is produced by Klassic Studios Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

A Daily Dose of History (01 Jan 2024) Today's historical events: Grand Prince Stephen I of Hungary is named the first King of Hungary by Pope Sylvester II (probable). Michael VIII Palaiologos is proclaimed co-emperor of the Empire of Nicaea with his ward John IV Laskaris. Albert II of Habsburg is crowned King of Hungary. Portuguese explorer Pedro Alvarez Cabral discovers the coast of Brazil. The present-day location of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, is first explored by the Portuguese. Scotland recognises January 1 as the start of the year, instead of March 25. Information from this episode are sourced from API Ninjas Explanations from OpenAI ChatGPT API with proprietary prompts. This podcast is produced by Klassic Studios Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

A Daily Dose of History (31 Dec 2023) Today's historical events: Vandals, Alans and Suebians cross the Rhine, beginning an invasion of Gaul. Byzantine general Belisarius completes the conquest of Sicily, defeating the Gothic garrison of Palermo (Panormos), and ending his consulship for the year. The Lý dynasty of Vietnam ends after 216 years by the enthronement of the boy emperor Trần Thái Tông, husband of the last Lý monarch, Lý Chiêu Hoàng, starting the Trần dynasty. James I the Conqueror, King of Aragon, enters Medina Mayurqa (now known as Palma, Spain), thus consummating the Christian reconquest of the island of Majorca. The First Battle of Cannanore commences, seeing the first use of the naval line of battle. The British East India Company is chartered. The expedition of John Narborough leaves Corral Bay, having surveyed the coast and lost four hostages to the Spanish. Empress Elizabeth I of Russia issues her ukase incorporating Königsberg into Russia. Arthur Guinness signs a 9,000-year lease at £45 per annum and starts brewing Guinness. Information from this episode are sourced from API Ninjas Explanations from OpenAI ChatGPT API with proprietary prompts. This podcast is produced by Klassic Studios Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

A Daily Dose of History (30 Dec 2023) Today's historical events: The second and final edition of the Code of Justinian comes into effect in the Byzantine Empire. Battle of Glenmama: The combined forces of Munster and Meath under king Brian Boru inflict a crushing defeat on the allied armies of Leinster and Dublin near Lyons Hill in Ireland. Granada massacre: A Muslim mob storms the royal palace in Granada, crucifies Jewish vizier Joseph ibn Naghrela and massacres most of the Jewish population of the city. Hundred Years' War: Battle of La Rochelle. Wars of the Roses: Lancastrians kill the 3rd Duke of York and win the Battle of Wakefield. Queen Anne's War: James Moore, Governor of the Province of Carolina, abandons the Siege of St. Augustine. War of 1812: British soldiers burn Buffalo, New York. The Treaty of St. Louis between the United States and the united Ottawa, Ojibwa, and Potawatomi Indian tribes is proclaimed. The Treaty of St. Louis between the United States and the Shawnee Nation is proclaimed. Gadsden Purchase: The United States buys land from Mexico to facilitate railroad building in the Southwest. Following the Wounded Knee Massacre, the United States Army and Lakota warriors face off in the Drexel Mission Fight. Filipino patriot and reform advocate José Rizal is executed by a Spanish firing squad in Manila. Canadian ice hockey player Ernie McLea scores the first hat-trick in Stanley Cup play, and the Cup-winning goal as the Montreal Victorias defeat the Winnipeg Victorias 6-5. A fire at the Iroquois Theater in Chicago, Illinois kills at least 605. Information from this episode are sourced from API Ninjas Explanations from OpenAI ChatGPT API with proprietary prompts. This podcast is produced by Klassic Studios Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

A Daily Dose of History (29 Dec 2023) Today's historical events: Thomas Becket, Archbishop of Canterbury, is assassinated inside Canterbury Cathedral by followers of King Henry II; he subsequently becomes a saint and martyr in the Anglican Communion and the Catholic Church. The Battle of Garigliano (1503) was fought between a Spanish army under Gonzalo Fernández de Córdoba and a French army commanded by Ludovico II, Marquess of Saluzzo. Portuguese forces under the command of Francisco de Almeida attack Khambhat at the Battle of Dabul. According to John Smith, Pocahontas, daughter of Powhatan leader Wahunsenacawh, successfully pleads for his life after tribal leaders attempt to execute him. American Revolutionary War: Three thousand British soldiers under the command of Lieutenant Colonel Archibald Campbell capture Savannah, Georgia. USS Constitution, under the command of Captain William Bainbridge, captures HMS Java off the coast of Brazil after a three-hour battle. The Treaty of New Echota is signed, ceding all the lands of the Cherokee east of the Mississippi River to the United States. The United States annexes the Republic of Texas. The launch of HMS Warrior, with her combination of screw propeller, iron hull and iron armour, renders all previous warships obsolete. The military coup of Gen. Martinez Campos in Sagunto ends the failed First Spanish Republic and the monarchy is restored as Prince Alfonso is proclaimed King of Spain. Information from this episode are sourced from API Ninjas Explanations from OpenAI ChatGPT API with proprietary prompts. This podcast is produced by Klassic Studios Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

A Daily Dose of History (28 Dec 2023) Today's historical events: A papal conclave begins, resulting in the election of Pope Boniface I. Majorian is acclaimed as Western Roman emperor. Alaric II succeeds his father Euric and becomes king of the Visigoths. He establishes his capital at Aire-sur-l'Adour (Southern Gaul). An earthquake destroys the city of Dvin, Armenia. Edward the Confessor's Romanesque monastic church at Westminster Abbey is consecrated. The reign of Emperor Hanazono of Japan begins. The Marathas defeat the Adilshahi forces in the Battle of Kolhapur. King Taksin's coronation achieved through conquest as a king of Thailand and established Thonburi as a capital. Construction of Yonge Street, formerly recognized as the longest street in the world, begins in York, Upper Canada (present-day Toronto). Osceola leads his Seminole warriors in Florida into the Second Seminole War against the United States Army. South Australia and Adelaide are founded. Information from this episode are sourced from API Ninjas Explanations from OpenAI ChatGPT API with proprietary prompts. This podcast is produced by Klassic Studios Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

A Daily Dose of History (27 Dec 2023) Today's historical events: The second Hagia Sophia in Constantinople is consecrated. The Spanish Crown issues the Laws of Burgos, governing the conduct of settlers with regard to native Indians in the New World. Second Northern War/the Deluge: Monks at the Jasna Góra Monastery in Częstochowa are successful in fending off a month-long siege. The Flushing Remonstrance articulates for the first time in North American history that freedom of religion is a fundamental right. Portugal and England sign the Methuen Treaty which allows Portugal to export wines to England on favorable trade terms. War of 1812: The destruction of the schooner USS Carolina brings to an end Commodore Daniel Patterson's makeshift fleet, which fought a series of delaying actions that contributed to Andrew Jackson's victory at the Battle of New Orleans. Charles Darwin embarks on his journey aboard HMS Beagle, during which he will begin to formulate his theory of evolution. The worst ever avalanche in England occurs at Lewes, Sussex, killing eight people. Ether anesthetic is used for childbirth for the first time by Dr. Crawford Long in Jefferson, Georgia. Having coined the phrase "manifest destiny" the previous July, journalist John L. O'Sullivan argued in his newspaper New York Morning News that the United States had the right to claim the entire Oregon Country. "Jana Gana Mana", the national anthem of India, is first sung in the Calcutta Session of the Indian National Congress. Information from this episode are sourced from API Ninjas Explanations from OpenAI ChatGPT API with proprietary prompts. This podcast is produced by Klassic Studios Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

A Daily Dose of History (26 Dec 2023) Today's historical events: Berengar I is elected as king of Italy by the lords of Lombardy. He is crowned with the Iron Crown of Lombardy at Pavia. Battle of Westbroek: An army of 4,000 to 5,000 soldiers raised by David of Burgundy, Bishop of Utrecht, attacks an armed mob of people from nearby Utrecht who were trying to avenge the massacre of the inhabitants of Westbroek. Second Battle of Anandpur: In the Second Battle of Anandpur, Aurangzeb's two generals, Wazir Khan and Zaberdast Khan executed two children of Guru Gobind Singh, Zorawar Singh aged eight and Fateh Singh aged five, by burying them alive into a wall. American Revolutionary War: In the Battle of Trenton, the Continental Army attacks and successfully defeats a garrison of Hessian forces. Louis XVI of France gives his public assent to Civil Constitution of the Clergy during the French Revolution. Henry Lee III's eulogy to George Washington in congress declares him as "first in war, first in peace and first in the hearts of his countrymen". Austria and France sign the Treaty of Pressburg. Battles of Pultusk and Golymin: Russian forces hold French forces under Napoleon. Advocates of liberalism in Russia rise up against Czar Nicholas I in the Decembrist revolt, but are later suppressed. First Rules derby is held between Sheffield F.C. and Hallam F.C., the oldest football fixture in the world. Information from this episode are sourced from API Ninjas Explanations from OpenAI ChatGPT API with proprietary prompts. This podcast is produced by Klassic Studios Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

A Daily Dose of History (25 Dec 2023) Today's historical events: A temple to Sol Invictus is dedicated in Rome by Emperor Aurelian. First documentary sign of Christmas celebration in Rome. The foundation of the Kingdom of Hungary: Hungary is established as a Christian kingdom by Stephen I of Hungary. Sweyn Forkbeard takes control of the Danelaw and is proclaimed king of England. Coronation of Mieszko II Lambert as king of Poland. Henry III is crowned Holy Roman Emperor by Pope Clement II. William the Conqueror, Duke of Normandy is crowned king of England, at Westminster Abbey, London. Coronation of Bolesław II the Generous as king of Poland. Information from this episode are sourced from API Ninjas Explanations from OpenAI ChatGPT API with proprietary prompts. This podcast is produced by Klassic Studios Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

A Daily Dose of History (24 Dec 2023) Today's historical events: Pope John IV is elected, several months after his predecessor's death. The capital of the crusader County of Edessa falls to Imad ad-Din Zengi, the atabeg of Mosul and Aleppo. Pope Boniface VIII is elected, replacing St. Celestine V, who had resigned. The Plot of the rue Saint-Nicaise fails to kill Napoleon Bonaparte. Representatives of the United Kingdom and the United States sign the Treaty of Ghent, ending the War of 1812. The first performance of "Silent Night" takes place in the church of St. Nikolaus in Oberndorf, Austria. The Eggnog Riot at the United States Military Academy begins that night, wrapping up the following morning. British acquired Labuan from the Sultanate of Brunei for Great Britain. The Greek Presidential Guard is established as the royal escort by King George I. Information from this episode are sourced from API Ninjas Explanations from OpenAI ChatGPT API with proprietary prompts. This podcast is produced by Klassic Studios Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

A Daily Dose of History (23 Dec 2023) Today's historical events: Chlothar I is crowned King of the Franks. Maya queen Yohl Ik'nal is crowned ruler of Palenque. The Sack of Aleppo as part of the Arab-Byzantine wars: Under the future Emperor Nicephorus Phocas, Byzantine troops storm the city of Aleppo. Arauco War: Governor of Chile Martín García Óñez de Loyola is killed in the Battle of Curalaba by Mapuches led by Pelantaru. As part of the Glorious Revolution, King James II of England flees from England to Paris, France after being deposed in favor of his son-in-law and nephew, William of Orange and his daughter Mary. George Washington resigns as commander-in-chief of the Continental Army at the Maryland State House in Annapolis, Maryland. The Battle of Savenay: A decisive defeat of the royalist counter-revolutionaries in War in the Vendée during the French Revolution. The novel Emma by Jane Austen is first published. First day of the Constantinople Conference which resulted in agreement for political reforms in the Balkans. The opera Hansel and Gretel by Engelbert Humperdinck is first performed. Information from this episode are sourced from API Ninjas Explanations from OpenAI ChatGPT API with proprietary prompts. This podcast is produced by Klassic Studios Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

A Daily Dose of History (22 Dec 2023) Today's historical events: Vespasian is proclaimed Emperor of Rome; his predecessor, Vitellius, attempts to abdicate but is captured and killed at the Gemonian stairs. Damghan earthquake: An earthquake near the Persian city of Damghan kills an estimated 200,000 people, the sixth deadliest earthquake in recorded history. Luoyang, eastern capital of the Tang dynasty, is captured by rebel leader Huang Chao during the reign of Emperor Xizong. Three weeks after the death of King Henry I of England, Stephen of Blois claims the throne and is privately crowned King of England, beginning the English Anarchy. Pope Honorius III approves the Dominican Order through the papal bull of confirmation Religiosam vitam. The forces of the Catholic Monarchs, Ferdinand and Isabella, take control of Almería from the Nasrid ruler of Granada, Muhammad XIII. Nguyễn Huệ proclaims himself Emperor Quang Trung, in effect abolishing on his own the Lê dynasty. The Turkish fortress of Izmail is stormed and captured by Alexander Suvorov and his Russian armies. The Embargo Act, forbidding trade with all foreign countries, is passed by the U.S. Congress at the urging of President Thomas Jefferson. Ludwig van Beethoven conducts and performs in concert at the Theater an der Wien, Vienna, with the premiere of his Fifth Symphony, Sixth Symphony, Fourth Piano Concerto and Choral Fantasy. Information from this episode are sourced from API Ninjas Explanations from OpenAI ChatGPT API with proprietary prompts. This podcast is produced by Klassic Studios Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

A Daily Dose of History (21 Dec 2023) Today's historical events: Pope Honorius II is consecrated, having been elected after the controversial dethroning of Pope Celestine II. After a siege of several weeks, the city of Weinsberg and its castle surrender to Conrad III of Germany. The city of Ryazan is sacked by the Mongol army of Batu Khan. The Battle of Linuesa is fought in the context of the Spanish Reconquista between the forces of the Emirate of Granada and the combined army of the Kingdom of Castile and of Jaén resulting in a Castilian victory. Battle of Curalaba: The revolting Mapuche, led by cacique Pelentaru, inflict a major defeat on Spanish troops in southern Chile. Plymouth Colony: William Bradford and the Mayflower Pilgrims land on what is now known as Plymouth Rock in Plymouth, Massachusetts. The Rochdale Society of Equitable Pioneers commences business at its cooperative in Rochdale, England, starting the Cooperative movement. Challenger expedition: HMS Challenger, commanded by Captain George Nares, sails from Portsmouth, England. World premiere of Henrik Ibsen's A Doll's House at the Royal Theatre in Copenhagen, Denmark. The Royal Canadian Dragoons and The Royal Canadian Regiment, the first Permanent Force cavalry and infantry regiments of the Canadian Army, are formed. Information from this episode are sourced from API Ninjas Explanations from OpenAI ChatGPT API with proprietary prompts. This podcast is produced by Klassic Studios Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

A Daily Dose of History (20 Dec 2023) Today's historical events: Richard I of England is captured and imprisoned by Leopold V of Austria on his way home to England after the Third Crusade. The Louisiana Purchase is completed at a ceremony in New Orleans. Peninsular War: The Siege of Zaragoza begins. HMS Clio under the command of Captain Onslow arrives at Port Egmont under orders to take possession of the Falkland Islands. South Carolina becomes the first state to attempt to secede from the United States. World War I: The last Australian troops are evacuated from Gallipoli. Cheka, the first Soviet secret police force, is founded. World War II: First battle of the American Volunteer Group, better known as the "Flying Tigers", in Kunming, China. World War II: Japanese air forces bomb Calcutta, India. Information from this episode are sourced from API Ninjas Explanations from OpenAI ChatGPT API with proprietary prompts. This podcast is produced by Klassic Studios Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

A Daily Dose of History (19 Dec 2023) Today's historical events: Henry II of England is crowned at Westminster Abbey. Pope Clement III is elected. Anne, Duchess of Brittany, is married to Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor by proxy. The Battle of Dreux takes place during the French Wars of Religion. The ships Susan Constant, Godspeed, and Discovery depart England carrying settlers who founded, at Jamestown, Virginia, the first of the thirteen colonies that became the United States. Thomas Paine publishes one of a series of pamphlets in The Pennsylvania Journal entitled "The American Crisis". French Revolutionary Wars: Two British frigates under Commodore Horatio Nelson and two Spanish frigates under Commodore Don Jacobo Stuart engage in battle off the coast of Murcia. French parliament votes amnesty for all involved in scandalous army treason trial known as Dreyfus affair. Two hundred thirty-nine coal miners die in the Darr Mine Disaster in Jacobs Creek, Pennsylvania. Information from this episode are sourced from API Ninjas Explanations from OpenAI ChatGPT API with proprietary prompts. This podcast is produced by Klassic Studios Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

A Daily Dose of History (18 Dec 2023) Today's historical events: Kublai Khan renames his empire "Yuan" (元 yuán), officially marking the start of the Yuan dynasty of Mongolia and China. Portuguese forces score a military victory over the Kingdom of Kongo at the Battle of Mbumbi in present-day Angola. New Jersey becomes the third state to ratify the U.S. Constitution. The Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada abolishes the seigneurial system. US Secretary of State William Seward proclaims the adoption of the Thirteenth Amendment, prohibiting slavery throughout the USA. The Al-Thani family become the rulers of the state of Qatar. Premiere performance of The Nutcracker by Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky in Saint Petersburg, Russia. Gaston de Chasseloup-Laubat sets the first officially recognized land speed record of 63.159 km/h (39.245 mph) in a Jeantaud electric car. World War I: The Battle of Verdun ends when the second French offensive pushes the Germans back two or three kilometres, causing them to cease their attacks. Information from this episode are sourced from API Ninjas Explanations from OpenAI ChatGPT API with proprietary prompts. This podcast is produced by Klassic Studios Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

A Daily Dose of History (17 Dec 2023) Today's historical events: Romanos I Lekapenos is crowned co-emperor of the underage Constantine VII. Sultan Nasir-u Din Mehmud's armies in Delhi are defeated by Timur. Cologne War: Forces under Ernest of Bavaria defeat troops under Gebhard Truchsess von Waldburg at the Siege of Godesberg. Go-Yōzei becomes Emperor of Japan. War of the Quadruple Alliance: Great Britain declares war on Spain. Information from this episode are sourced from API Ninjas Explanations from OpenAI ChatGPT API with proprietary prompts. This podcast is produced by Klassic Studios Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

A Daily Dose of History (16 Dec 2023) Today's historical events: Pepin of Herstal, mayor of the Merovingian palace, dies at Jupille (modern Belgium). He is succeeded by his infant grandson Theudoald, while his widow Plectrude holds actual power in the Frankish Kingdom. An Lushan revolts against Chancellor Yang Guozhong at Yanjing, initiating the An Lushan Rebellion during the Tang dynasty of China. Hundred Years' War: Henry VI of England is crowned King of France at Notre Dame in Paris. Vasco da Gama passes the Great Fish River at the southern tip of Africa, where Bartolomeu Dias had previously turned back to Portugal. English Interregnum: The Protectorate: Oliver Cromwell becomes Lord Protector of the Commonwealth of England, Scotland and Ireland. Convention Parliament: The Declaration of Right is embodied in the Bill of Rights. Seven Years' War: After a four-month siege, the Russians under Pyotr Rumyantsev take the Prussian fortress of Kołobrzeg. American Revolution: Boston Tea Party: Members of the Sons of Liberty disguised as Mohawk Indians dump hundreds of crates of tea into Boston harbor as a protest against the Tea Act. Information from this episode are sourced from API Ninjas Explanations from OpenAI ChatGPT API with proprietary prompts. This podcast is produced by Klassic Studios Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

A Daily Dose of History (15 Dec 2023) Today's historical events: Constantine VIII becomes sole emperor of the Byzantine Empire, 63 years after being crowned co-emperor. Sicilian Chancellor Stephen du Perche moves the royal court to Messina to prevent a rebellion. Mongol forces under Hulagu enter and dismantle the Nizari Ismaili (Assassin) stronghold at Alamut Castle (in present-day Iran) as part of their offensive on Islamic southwest Asia. Stephen III of Moldavia defeats Matthias Corvinus of Hungary, with the latter being injured thrice, at the Battle of Baia. Castle Cornet in Guernsey, the last stronghold which had supported the King in the Third English Civil War, surrenders. American Revolutionary War: British and French fleets clash in the Battle of St. Lucia. The United States Bill of Rights becomes law when ratified by the Virginia General Assembly. American Civil War: The Battle of Nashville begins at Nashville, Tennessee, and ends the following day with the destruction of the Confederate Army of Tennessee as a fighting force by the Union Army of the Cumberland. The short-lived Republic of Ezo is proclaimed in the Ezo area of Japan. It is the first attempt to establish a democracy in Japan. Hunkpapa Lakota leader Sitting Bull is killed on Standing Rock Indian Reservation, leading to the Wounded Knee Massacre. Information from this episode are sourced from API Ninjas Explanations from OpenAI ChatGPT API with proprietary prompts. This podcast is produced by Klassic Studios Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

A Daily Dose of History (14 Dec 2023) Today's historical events: St. Lucia's flood: The Zuiderzee sea wall in the Netherlands collapses, killing over 50,000 people. Princess Mary Stuart becomes Queen of Scots at the age of one week on the death of her father, James V of Scotland. The Theresian Military Academy is founded in Wiener Neustadt, Austria. Founding Father Alexander Hamilton marries Elizabeth Schuyler Hamilton at the Schuyler Mansion in Albany, New York. The Montgolfier brothers first test fly an unmanned hot air balloon in France; it floats nearly 2.5 km (1.6 mi). The French invasion of Russia comes to an end as the remnants of the Grande Armée are expelled from Russia. War of 1812: The Royal Navy seizes control of Lake Borgne, Louisiana. Alabama becomes the 22nd U.S. state. Information from this episode are sourced from API Ninjas Explanations from OpenAI ChatGPT API with proprietary prompts. This podcast is produced by Klassic Studios Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

A Daily Dose of History (13 Dec 2023) Today's historical events: Saint Celestine V resigns the papacy after only five months to return to his previous life as an ascetic hermit. The Council of Trent begins as the embodiment of the Counter-Reformation. Sir Francis Drake sets sail from Plymouth, England, on his round-the-world voyage. The Massachusetts Bay Colony organizes three militia regiments to defend the colony against the Pequot Indians, a date now considered the founding of the National Guard of the United States. Abel Tasman is the first recorded European to sight New Zealand. English Civil War: The Battle of Alton takes place in Hampshire. Dartmouth College is founded by the Reverend Eleazar Wheelock, with a royal charter from King George III, on land donated by Royal governor John Wentworth. American Civil War: At the Battle of Fredericksburg, Confederate General Robert E. Lee defeats Union Major General Ambrose Burnside. A Fenian bomb explodes in Clerkenwell, London, killing 12 people and injuring 50. Second Sino-Japanese War: Battle of Nanking: The city of Nanjing, defended by the National Revolutionary Army under the command of General Tang Shengzhi, falls to the Japanese. This is followed by the Nanking Massacre, in which Japanese troops rape and slaughter hundreds of thousands of civilians. Information from this episode are sourced from API Ninjas Explanations from OpenAI ChatGPT API with proprietary prompts. This podcast is produced by Klassic Studios Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

A Daily Dose of History (12 Dec 2023) Today's historical events: Battle of Nineveh: A Byzantine army under Emperor Heraclius defeats Emperor Khosrau II's Persian forces, commanded by General Rhahzadh. Maria of Enghien sells the lordship of Argos and Nauplia to the Republic of Venice. Pennsylvania becomes the 2nd state to ratify the US Constitution. American Civil War: USS Cairo sinks on the Yazoo River. Oaks explosion: The worst mining disaster in England kills 361 miners and rescuers. Joseph H. Rainey of South Carolina becomes the second black U.S. congressman. Guglielmo Marconi receives the first transatlantic radio signal (the letter "S" [***] in Morse Code), at Signal Hill in St John's, Newfoundland. Yuan Shikai declares the establishment of the Empire of China and proclaims himself Emperor. Lebensborn Project, a Nazi reproduction program, is founded by Heinrich Himmler. Second Sino-Japanese War: USS Panay incident: Japanese aircraft bomb and sink U.S. gunboat USS Panay on the Yangtze river in China. HMS Duchess sinks after a collision with HMS Barham off the coast of Scotland with the loss of 124 men. Winter War: The Battle of Tolvajärvi, also known as the first major Finnish victory in the Winter War, begins. Information from this episode are sourced from API Ninjas Explanations from OpenAI ChatGPT API with proprietary prompts. This podcast is produced by Klassic Studios Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

A Daily Dose of History (11 Dec 2023) Today's historical events: Emperor Xian of Han is forced to abdicate the throne by Cao Cao's son Cao Pi, ending the Han dynasty. Julian enters Constantinople as sole Roman Emperor. Byzantine Emperor Nikephoros II Phokas is assassinated by his wife Theophano and her lover, the later Emperor John I Tzimiskes. Michael V, adoptive son of Empress Zoë of Byzantium, is proclaimed emperor of the Eastern Roman Empire. Battle of Orewin Bridge: Llywelyn ap Gruffudd, the last native Prince of Wales, is killed at Cilmeri, near Builth Wells, in mid-Wales. A surprise attack by forces under the command of Charles Emmanuel I, Duke of Savoy, and his brother-in-law, Philip III of Spain, is repelled by the citizens of Geneva. (Commemorated annually by the Fête de l'Escalade.) The Root and Branch petition, signed by 15,000 Londoners calling for the abolition of the episcopacy, is presented to the Long Parliament. Glorious Revolution: James II of England, while trying to flee to France, throws the Great Seal of the Realm into the River Thames. French Revolution: King Louis XVI of France is put on trial for treason by the National Convention. The U.S. Senate creates a select committee on finance and a uniform national currency, predecessor of the United States Senate Committee on Finance. Indiana becomes the 19th U.S. state. Paraguayan War: Brazilian troops defeat Paraguayan at the Battle of Avay. Second Boer War: In the Battle of Magersfontein the Boers commanded by general Piet Cronjé inflict a defeat on the forces of the British Empire commanded by Lord Methuen trying to relieve the Siege of Kimberley. Information from this episode are sourced from API Ninjas Explanations from OpenAI ChatGPT API with proprietary prompts. This podcast is produced by Klassic Studios Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

A Daily Dose of History (10 Dec 2023) Today's historical events: The "Nyköping Banquet": King Birger of Sweden treacherously seizes his two brothers Valdemar, Duke of Finland and Eric, Duke of Södermanland, who were subsequently starved to death in the dungeon of Nyköping Castle. The League of Cambrai is formed by Pope Julius II, Louis XII of France, Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor and Ferdinand II of Aragon as an alliance against Venice. Martin Luther burns his copy of the papal bull Exsurge Domine outside Wittenberg's Elster Gate. Thomas Culpeper and Francis Dereham are executed for having affairs with Catherine Howard, Queen of England and wife of Henry VIII. Defeat at the Battle of Dungeness causes the Commonwealth of England to reform its navy. The Royal Netherlands Marine Corps is founded by Michiel de Ruyter. Isaac Newton's derivation of Kepler's laws from his theory of gravity, contained in the paper De motu corporum in gyrum, is read to the Royal Society by Edmond Halley. The first edition of the Encyclopædia Britannica is published. Mississippi becomes the 20th U.S. state. Forces led by Nguyễn Trung Trực, an anti-colonial guerrilla leader in southern Vietnam, sink the French lorcha L'Esperance. American Civil War: Sherman's March to the Sea: Major General William Tecumseh Sherman's Union Army troops reach the outer Confederate defenses of Savannah, Georgia. Russo-Turkish War: The Russian Army captures Plevna after a 5-month siege. The garrison of 25,000 surviving Turks surrenders. The Russian victory is decisive for the outcome of the war and the Liberation of Bulgaria. Information from this episode are sourced from API Ninjas Explanations from OpenAI ChatGPT API with proprietary prompts. This podcast is produced by Klassic Studios Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

A Daily Dose of History (09 Dec 2023) Today's historical events: Gothic War: The Byzantine general Belisarius enters Rome unopposed; the Gothic garrison flees the capital. The Virgin of Guadalupe first appears to Juan Diego at Tepeyac, Mexico City. Patriot forces led by General Antonio José de Sucre defeat a Royalist army in the Battle of Ayacucho, putting an end to the Peruvian War of Independence. Texas Revolution: The Texian Army captures San Antonio following the Siege of Béxar. The first YMCA in North America is established in Montreal. The Iranian city of Bushehr surrenders to occupying British forces. American Civil War: The Joint Committee on the Conduct of the War is established by Congress. In Louisiana, P. B. S. Pinchback becomes the first African American governor of a U.S. state following the impeachment of Henry C. Warmoth. In France, a law separating church and state is passed. Information from this episode are sourced from API Ninjas Explanations from OpenAI ChatGPT API with proprietary prompts. This podcast is produced by Klassic Studios Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

A Daily Dose of History (08 Dec 2023) Today's historical events: Du Fu returns to Chang'an as a member of Emperor Xuanzong's court, after having escaped the city during the An Lushan Rebellion. Louis the Stammerer (son of Charles the Bald) is crowned king of the West Frankish Kingdom at Compiègne. The first battle between the forces of Švitrigaila and Sigismund Kęstutaitis is fought near the town of Oszmiana (Ashmyany), launching the most active phase of the Lithuanian Civil War. A woman (either Margaret Hughes or Anne Marshall) appears on an English public stage for the first time, in the role of Desdemona in a production of Shakespeare's play Othello. In his Apostolic constitution Ineffabilis Deus, Pope Pius IX proclaims the dogmatic definition of Immaculate Conception, which holds that the Blessed Virgin Mary was conceived free of Original Sin. Pope Pius IX promulgates the encyclical Quanta cura and its appendix, the Syllabus of Errors, outlining the authority of the Catholic Church and condemning various liberal ideas. King Gustaf V of Sweden accedes to the Swedish throne. Information from this episode are sourced from API Ninjas Explanations from OpenAI ChatGPT API with proprietary prompts. This podcast is produced by Klassic Studios Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

A Daily Dose of History (07 Dec 2023) Today's historical events: The Royal Opera House opens at Covent Garden, London, England. First concert of the New York Philharmonic, founded by Ureli Corelli Hill. Comparative fuel trials begin between warships HMS Spiteful and HMS Peterel: Spiteful was the first warship powered solely by fuel oil, and the trials led to the obsolescence of coal in ships of the Royal Navy. Information from this episode are sourced from API Ninjas Explanations from OpenAI ChatGPT API with proprietary prompts. This podcast is produced by Klassic Studios Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

A Daily Dose of History (06 Dec 2023) Today's historical events: Béla I is crowned king of Hungary. Mongol invasion of Rus': Kyiv under Daniel of Galicia and Voivode Dmytro falls to the Mongols under Batu Khan. After exploring island of Cuba for gold, surmising it for Japan, Columbus lands on island similar to Castile, naming it Hispaniola. The city of Quito in Ecuador is founded by Spanish settlers led by Sebastián de Belalcázar. Colonel Thomas Pride of the New Model Army purges the Long Parliament of MPs sympathetic to King Charles I of England, in order for the King's trial to go ahead; came to be known as "Pride's Purge". Battle of Chamkaur: During the Mughal-Sikh Wars, an outnumbered Sikh Khalsa defeats a Mughal army. Charles Edward Stuart's army begins retreat during the second Jacobite Rising. The U.S. Congress moves from New York City to Philadelphia. Five French warships attempting to escape the Royal Naval blockade of Saint-Domingue are all seized by British warships, signifying the end of the Haitian Revolution. Georgia ratifies the 13th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution. Transit of Venus, second and last of the 19th century. London becomes the world's first city to host licensed taxicabs. Theodore Roosevelt articulated his "Corollary" to the Monroe Doctrine, stating that the U.S. would intervene in the Western Hemisphere should Latin American governments prove incapable or unstable. Information from this episode are sourced from API Ninjas Explanations from OpenAI ChatGPT API with proprietary prompts. This podcast is produced by Klassic Studios Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

A Daily Dose of History (05 Dec 2023) Today's historical events: Fourth Council of Toledo takes place. Ramon Berenguer II, Count of Barcelona is assassinated. Emir Edigu of Golden Horde reaches Moscow. Pope Innocent VIII issues the Summis desiderantes affectibus, a papal bull that deputizes Heinrich Kramer and Jacob Sprenger as inquisitors to root out alleged witchcraft in Germany. King Manuel I of Portugal issues a decree ordering the expulsion of Jewish "heretics" from the country. Charles IX becomes king of France. Sir Francis Drake, after sailing through Strait of Magellan raids Valparaiso. The town of Raahe (Swedish: Brahestad) was founded by Count Per Brahe the Younger. Seven Years' War: Battle of Leuthen: Frederick II of Prussia leads Prussian forces to a decisive victory over Austrian forces under Prince Charles Alexander of Lorraine. In London, auctioneer James Christie holds his first sale. At Fort Ticonderoga, Henry Knox begins his historic transport of artillery to Cambridge, Massachusetts. Information from this episode are sourced from API Ninjas Explanations from OpenAI ChatGPT API with proprietary prompts. This podcast is produced by Klassic Studios Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

A Daily Dose of History (03 Dec 2023) Today's historical events: American Revolutionary War: USS Alfred becomes the first vessel to fly the Grand Union Flag (the precursor to the Stars and Stripes); the flag is hoisted by John Paul Jones. War of the Second Coalition: Battle of Wiesloch: Austrian Lieutenant Field Marshal Anton Sztáray defeats the French at Wiesloch. War of the Second Coalition: Battle of Hohenlinden: French General Jean Victor Marie Moreau decisively defeats the Archduke John of Austria near Munich. Coupled with First Consul Napoleon Bonaparte's earlier victory at Marengo, this will force the Austrians to sign an armistice and end the war. United States presidential election: The Electoral College casts votes for president and vice president that resulted in a tie between Thomas Jefferson and Aaron Burr. Illinois becomes the 21st U.S. state. The Zollverein (German Customs Union) begins the first regular census in Germany. Battle of the Eureka Stockade: More than 20 gold miners at Ballarat, Victoria, are killed by state troopers in an uprising over mining licences. The first issue of Tamperean daily newspaper Aamulehti ("Morning Paper") is published. The Duquesne Country and Athletic Club defeats an all-star collection of early football players 16-0, in what is considered to be the very first all-star game for professional American football. In a State of the Union message, U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt delivers a 20,000-word speech to the House of Representatives asking Congress to curb the power of trusts "within reasonable limits". The Jovian moon Himalia is discovered by Charles Dillon Perrine at California's Lick Observatory. Modern neon lighting is first demonstrated by Georges Claude at the Paris Motor Show. Information from this episode are sourced from API Ninjas Explanations from OpenAI ChatGPT API with proprietary prompts. This podcast is produced by Klassic Studios Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

A Daily Dose of History (02 Dec 2023) Today's historical events: Pope Innocent IV arrives at Lyon for the First Council of Lyon. The University of Leipzig opens. St Paul's Cathedral, rebuilt to the design of Sir Christopher Wren following the Great Fire of London, is consecrated. Swedish parliament approves the Swedish Freedom of the Press Act and implements it as a ground law, thus being first in the world with freedom of speech. At Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris, Napoleon Bonaparte crowns himself Emperor of the French. War of the Third Coalition: Battle of Austerlitz: French troops under Napoleon decisively defeat a joint Russo-Austrian force. Monroe Doctrine: In a State of the Union message, U.S. President James Monroe proclaims American neutrality in future European conflicts, and warns European powers not to interfere in the Americas. Manifest Destiny: In a State of the Union message, U.S. President James K. Polk proposes that the United States should aggressively expand into the West. Franz Joseph I becomes Emperor of Austria. French President Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte overthrows the Second Republic. Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte becomes Emperor of the French as Napoleon III. Alabama ratifies the 13th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, followed by North Carolina, then Georgia; U.S. slaves were legally free within two weeks. Information from this episode are sourced from API Ninjas Explanations from OpenAI ChatGPT API with proprietary prompts. This podcast is produced by Klassic Studios Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

A Daily Dose of History (01 Dec 2023) Today's historical events: A council is convened in the Vatican, at which Charlemagne is to judge the accusations against Pope Leo III. Henry V of England enters Paris alongside his father-in-law King Charles VI of France. Courtiers Christopher Hatton and Thomas Heneage are knighted by Queen Elizabeth I of England. End of the Iberian Union: Portugal acclaims as King João IV of Portugal, ending 59 years of personal union of the crowns of Portugal and Spain and the end of the rule of the Philippine Dynasty. Diarist John Evelyn records skating on the frozen lake in St James's Park, London, watched by Charles II and Queen Catherine. Pedro I is crowned Emperor of Brazil. Argentine general Juan Lavalle makes a coup against governor Manuel Dorrego, beginning the Decembrist revolution. Information from this episode are sourced from API Ninjas Explanations from OpenAI ChatGPT API with proprietary prompts. This podcast is produced by Klassic Studios Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

A Daily Dose of History (30 Nov 2023) Today's historical events: Great Northern War: King Charles XII of Sweden dies during a siege of the fortress of Fredriksten in Norway. The Grand Duchy of Tuscany, under Pietro Leopoldo I, becomes the first modern state to abolish the death penalty (later commemorated as Cities for Life Day). The Balmis Expedition starts in Spain with the aim of vaccinating millions against smallpox in Spanish America and Philippines. In New Orleans, Spanish representatives officially transfer the Louisiana Territory to an official from the French First Republic. Just 20 days later, France transfers the same land to the United States as the Louisiana Purchase. First Welland Canal opens for a trial run, five years to the day from the ground breaking. Crimean War: Battle of Sinop: The Imperial Russian Navy under Pavel Nakhimov destroys the Ottoman fleet under Osman Pasha at Sinop, a sea port in northern Turkey. American Civil War: The Confederate Army of Tennessee suffers heavy losses in an attack on the Union Army of the Ohio in the Battle of Franklin. The first-ever international football match takes place at Hamilton Crescent, Glasgow, between Scotland and England. A German engineer patents front-wheel drive for automobiles. Information from this episode are sourced from API Ninjas Explanations from OpenAI ChatGPT API with proprietary prompts. This podcast is produced by Klassic Studios Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices