Welcome to Top of the Morning by Mint, your weekday newscast that brings you five major stories from the world of business. It's Tuesday, April 30, 2024. My name is Nelson John. Let's get started:

Indian stock markets kicked off the week on a high note, with benchmark indices surging over 1% driven by strong gains in large-cap banks including ICICI Bank, Axis Bank, IndusInd, and SBI.

The market rally on Monday propelled the Nifty Bank index to a record high. By the close of trading, the Nifty itself had climbed a solid 223 points, ending the day at 22,643, while the Sensex posted a gain of 1.28 per cent, reaching 74,671. The big banks weren't just showing off; they were closing the valuation gap with smaller banks, which have been priced pretty high lately. Take HDFC Bank, for example. Its price to book ratio is currently at 2.55, quite a bit lower than its five-year average of 3.45, making it look like a bargain compared to some of the smaller banks. Mint’s markets correspondent Ram Sahgal reports on a stellar start to the week for Indian banks.

India is gearing up to boost its thermal power capacity big time! The plan? To set up six massive thermal power generation hubs, boasting a combined capacity of 30 gigawatts. With an eye-watering estimated cost of around 2.5 trillion rupees, this is no small feat. The government’s move comes as part of an effort to meet the country's soaring energy demands. These hubs are strategically planned near coal mines to slash coal transport costs, a smart move that also taps into existing resources. It’s like setting up shop right next to the supplier—efficient, right? Coal India Ltd and other public sector giants are set to team up with power companies, pooling their resources and expertise to get these projects off the ground. Mint’s energy correspondent Rituraj Baruah reports on the government’s move to set up more coal-fired power plants even as it aspires to lean more on sustainable energy sources.

Unicorns, or startups valued over a billion dollars, are finding it tough to attract investors. Nowadays, investors are leaning towards smaller startups valued under a billion dollars. This year, there's been a notable difference in investment activity. Data from Tracxn shows 318 deals in smaller companies, but only a few in the billion-dollar club. Investors are particularly wary of companies valued over 2 billion dollars. Mint’s senior assistant editor Sneha Shah spoke to several analysts, including Pankaj Naik of Avendus Capital, who notes that investors are scrutinising the potential for substantial returns, especially for companies valued over $2 billion. The dilemma for companies with larger valuations is proving their ability to triple in value within 5-6 years.

In the previous fiscal year, promoters of prominent Indian companies including Adani Power, Tata Consultancy Services, and Tata Motors significantly reduced their share pledges by more than 56,000 crore rupees - that is close to 6.8 billion dollars. Data from an analysis of Nifty 500 companies, which account for 91 per cent of the total market value of all listed firms on NSE, shows a 35% reduction in the aggregate value of pledged shares, reports Mint’s Mayur Bhalerao. Of the Nifty 500 companies, promoters in 27 increased their pledges by more than 26,000 crore rupees, a 20 per cent rise. Notably, 383 companies had no pledged shares, and 38 saw no change in their holdings.

In the ever-evolving landscape of India’s startup ecosystem, Udaan, the online trade platform for businesses, secured a hefty 340 million dollars in its Series E funding round in December, despite a substantial 44 per cent cut in its valuation from a high of 3.1 billion dollars in 2021. This funding round, one of the largest in India last year, reflects a strategic pivot as Udaan grappled with shrinking revenues and fierce competition in the B2B market. Despite the challenges, including a 43 per cent drop in revenue in 2022-23 and ballooning losses, the funding underscores the potential investors see in Udaan’s recalibrated business model. Founded in 2016 by ex-Flipkart executives, Udaan initially aimed to revolutionise the traditional B2B sector by connecting producers directly with retailers via an expansive digital platform. Over the years, Udaan has expanded across multiple categories, experimenting with various business models, including a foray into B2C that was later shelved. Mint’s startups correspondent Samiksha Goel takes a deep dive into the inside story of Udaan’s pivot before its IPO.

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Show notes:

Top banks power market surge as valuations tempt

Amid govt's renewables push, coal-fired power plants hold their own

Startup investors are hunting outside unicorn zone

Promoters trim nearly $7 billion in share pledges riding buoyant equity markets

Getting Udaan IPO-ready: The inside story of a pivot